ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
NOTES
,TABLE CONTENTS
Page
1. Change Management ………………………….……….……….. 1
2. Leadership ………………………………………...……….……. 52
3. Motivation: Learning and Reinforcement ……………….……… 122
4. Motivation: Needs and Outcomes…………………….…………. 155
5. Communication…………………………………………………... 190
6. Power and Organizational Politics ..……………….……….……. 225
Table and Figure Contents
1. Acronym Tropics Test …………….
……………………………... 7
2. Self-esteem, Performance and Stress
…………………………….. 16
3. Self-esteem, Performance and Change
……………………….….. 16
4. Stability Zones …………………..
……………………………….. 18
5. The Coping Cycle ……………..
…………………………………. 21
6. Quality Management
……………………………………………..26
7. Forces of Change ………………………………………. ..
……... 32
8. Kinds of Organizational Change
…………………………....……. 37
9. Dealing with Resistance to Change ……….………….
……..…… 41
10. Methods of Overcoming Resistance to Change
…………………. 43
11. Comparison Between Leadership and Management
…………….. 57
12. Three Leadership Patterns, their Location in the
Organization
ii
, and Their Skill Requirements ……………………………….…… 61
13. Hersy and Blanchard’s Situational Leadership Model:
Defining Maturity and Four Leadership Styles…………….…..… 65
14. Relationships in the LPC Contingency Mode
……………………. 69
15. Casual Relationship for Supportive Leadership on
Subordinate
Effort ……………………………………………………………... 74
16. Casual Relationship of Effects of Directive Leadership
Behaviour
on Subordinate Effort ……………………………………………. 76
17. Path-Goal of Leadership
………………………………………….. 77
18. Application of the Path-goal Model to Six Situations ..
……..…… 78
19. Specific Substitutes and Neutralizers for Supportive and
Instrumental Leadership ……………………………………….… 81
20. Casual Relationships in the Multiple Linkage Model .
…………... 83
21. Conditions Affecting the intervening Variable .
…………………. 85
22. Reported Use of Training and Development Activities
…………. 98
23. Technique for Facilitating Leadership Development
……………. 107
24. Ways to Support Leadership Training of Subordinates ..
………… 114
25. Guidelines for Self-development of Leadership Skills
………….. 115
26. Classical conditioning Process
………………………………….. 124
27. Reciprocal Determinism
………………………………………… 130
iii
, 28. Summary of Reinforcement Contingencies
…………………….. 138
29. Behavioural Contingency Management
………………………… 144
30. Goal-Setting Model
……………………………………………… 148
31. Relationship Between Needs and Motivated Behavior
………….. 159
32. Applying Maslow’s Needs Hierarchy
…………………………… 160
33. Characteristics of Self-Actualizing People
……………………… 161
34. Comparison of Need Theories
…………………………………… 164
35. Determinant of Effort – Expectancy Theory
…………………….. 173
36. Expectancy Theory Model
………………………………………. 176
37. Control Theory of Work Motivation
…………………………….. 182
38. Interpersonal Communication Model
……………………………. 195
39. Sample Items from a Communication Audit
…………………….. 195
40. Characteristics of Persuasive Communication
…………………… 197
41. Characteristics of Supportive Communication
…………………… 201
42. Principles of Effective Listening
…………………………………. 205
43. Seven Alternative Types of Responses
…………………………… 206
44. Types of Influence ………………………………………..
……… 227
iv
NOTES
,TABLE CONTENTS
Page
1. Change Management ………………………….……….……….. 1
2. Leadership ………………………………………...……….……. 52
3. Motivation: Learning and Reinforcement ……………….……… 122
4. Motivation: Needs and Outcomes…………………….…………. 155
5. Communication…………………………………………………... 190
6. Power and Organizational Politics ..……………….……….……. 225
Table and Figure Contents
1. Acronym Tropics Test …………….
……………………………... 7
2. Self-esteem, Performance and Stress
…………………………….. 16
3. Self-esteem, Performance and Change
……………………….….. 16
4. Stability Zones …………………..
……………………………….. 18
5. The Coping Cycle ……………..
…………………………………. 21
6. Quality Management
……………………………………………..26
7. Forces of Change ………………………………………. ..
……... 32
8. Kinds of Organizational Change
…………………………....……. 37
9. Dealing with Resistance to Change ……….………….
……..…… 41
10. Methods of Overcoming Resistance to Change
…………………. 43
11. Comparison Between Leadership and Management
…………….. 57
12. Three Leadership Patterns, their Location in the
Organization
ii
, and Their Skill Requirements ……………………………….…… 61
13. Hersy and Blanchard’s Situational Leadership Model:
Defining Maturity and Four Leadership Styles…………….…..… 65
14. Relationships in the LPC Contingency Mode
……………………. 69
15. Casual Relationship for Supportive Leadership on
Subordinate
Effort ……………………………………………………………... 74
16. Casual Relationship of Effects of Directive Leadership
Behaviour
on Subordinate Effort ……………………………………………. 76
17. Path-Goal of Leadership
………………………………………….. 77
18. Application of the Path-goal Model to Six Situations ..
……..…… 78
19. Specific Substitutes and Neutralizers for Supportive and
Instrumental Leadership ……………………………………….… 81
20. Casual Relationships in the Multiple Linkage Model .
…………... 83
21. Conditions Affecting the intervening Variable .
…………………. 85
22. Reported Use of Training and Development Activities
…………. 98
23. Technique for Facilitating Leadership Development
……………. 107
24. Ways to Support Leadership Training of Subordinates ..
………… 114
25. Guidelines for Self-development of Leadership Skills
………….. 115
26. Classical conditioning Process
………………………………….. 124
27. Reciprocal Determinism
………………………………………… 130
iii
, 28. Summary of Reinforcement Contingencies
…………………….. 138
29. Behavioural Contingency Management
………………………… 144
30. Goal-Setting Model
……………………………………………… 148
31. Relationship Between Needs and Motivated Behavior
………….. 159
32. Applying Maslow’s Needs Hierarchy
…………………………… 160
33. Characteristics of Self-Actualizing People
……………………… 161
34. Comparison of Need Theories
…………………………………… 164
35. Determinant of Effort – Expectancy Theory
…………………….. 173
36. Expectancy Theory Model
………………………………………. 176
37. Control Theory of Work Motivation
…………………………….. 182
38. Interpersonal Communication Model
……………………………. 195
39. Sample Items from a Communication Audit
…………………….. 195
40. Characteristics of Persuasive Communication
…………………… 197
41. Characteristics of Supportive Communication
…………………… 201
42. Principles of Effective Listening
…………………………………. 205
43. Seven Alternative Types of Responses
…………………………… 206
44. Types of Influence ………………………………………..
……… 227
iv