Onco- Peds Test 4 With Verified
Answers
1. vThe vnurse vis vpreparing vclients vfor vdiagnostic vtesting vfor vcancer. vWhich vtest vis
vused vto vdifferentiate va vneuroblastoma vfrom vother vtumors? v-
vCORRECT✅✅Answer: vUrine vcatecholamine vmetabolites, vhomovanillic vacid
v(HVA), vand vvanillylmandelic vacid v(VMA)
Rationale: vNeuroblastomas vproduce vcatecholamines. vUrine vcatecholamine
vmetabolites, vhomovanillic vacid v(HVA), vand vvanillylmandelic vacid v(VMA) vdifferentiate
vneuroblastomas vfrom vother vtumors. vThis vexam vis vdone vby vcollecting va v24-hour
vurine vspecimen. vUrinalysis vprovides vgeneral vinformation vabout vrenal vfunction.
vSerum vchemistries vhelp vto vevaluate vthe vbody's vresponse vto vthe vcancer vprocess.
vCBC vwith vdifferential vdetermines vabnormal vloss vor vdestruction vof vcells vthat vmay
vindicate vcancer vor vbone vmarrow vsuppression.
The vhealth vcare vprovider vprescribed van valkylating vagent vfor va vchild's
vchemotherapy. vWhich vbest vdescribes van vaction vproduced vby vthese vtypes vof
vagents? v- vCORRECT✅✅Answer: vThey vare vcell vcycle-nonspecific, vdestroying
vboth vresting vand vdividing vcells.
Rationale: vAlkylating vagents vare vcell vcycle-nonspecific, vdestroying vboth vresting vand
vdividing vcells. vDuring valkylation, vthe vhydrogen vatoms vof vsome vmolecules vwithin
vthe vcell vare vreplaced vby van valkyl vgroup. vThis vgroup vinterferes vwith vDNA
vreplication vand vRNA vtranscription. vInterferons vare vthe vclassification vof vdrugs vthat
vare vsynthesized vby vbacterial vand vfungal vagents. vAntimetabolites vare vactive vin vthe
vS vphase vand vact vsimilarly vto vnormal vcellular vmetabolites. vThey valter vthe vcell's
vfunction vto vdestroy vthe vcell's vability vto vreplicate.
1. vThe vnurse vcaring vfor va vcancer vpatient vrecognizes vthe vsigns vand vsymptoms vof
vsyndrome vof vinappropriate vantidiuretic vhormone v(SIADH) vin va vpatient. vWhich vof
vthe vfollowing vare vrecommended vinterventions vfor vthis vemergency vcondition? vSelect
vall vthat vapply. v- vCORRECT✅✅Answer:
· vRestrict vfluids vto vbelow vmaintenance vlevels.
· vMonitor vintake vand voutput.
· vMonitor vspecific vgravity vof veach vvoiding.
· vMonitor vserum vsodium vlevels.
Rationale: vThe vappropriate vinterventions vfor vSIADH vare vto vrestrict vfluids vto vbelow
vmaintenance vlevels; vadminister vdiuretics; vand vmonitor vintake vand voutput, vspecific
vgravity vof veach vvoiding, vserum vsodium vlevels, vand vseizure vactivity.
,Which vsymptom vwould vlead vthe vnurse vto vsuspect vthat va vchild vis vdeveloping va
vcommon vside veffect vof vvincristine? v- vCORRECT✅✅Answer: vThe vchild vsays vthe
vfingertips vfeel vnumb.
Rationale: vVincristine vhas va vnumber vof vside veffects. vMyelosuppression voccurs,,
vwhich vcan vcause vdecreased vblood vcounts, vhemorrhage, vand vanemia. vA vcommon
vside veffect vof vvincristine vis vnumbness vand vtingling vin vthe vhands vand vfeet.
vAllopurinol vis vadministered vwhen vthe vchild vis vreceiving vvincristine, vbecause vthe
vdying vcancer vcells vcause vincreased vuric vacid. vA vside veffect vof vthe vallopurinol vis
vblistering, vpeeling, vand vred vskin vrash. vWith vboth vof vthe vdrugs vthe vchild vshould vbe
vproperly vhydrated vto vprevent vside veffects. vToothache vand vhearing vloss vare
vsymptoms vof vside veffects vof vother vchemotherapeutic vagents, vbut vnot vvincristine.
1. vWhich vdiagnosis vwould vbe vmost vappropriate vfor van vinfant vwith va vlarge
vretinoblastoma vafter vsurgery? v- vCORRECT✅✅Answer: vDisturbed vsensory
vperception vrelated vto venucleation
Rationale: vRetinoblastoma vis va vcongenital vhighly vmalignant vtumor. vWhen vthere vis
vearly vdetection vthe vgoal vis vto vtreat vthe vtumor vand vpreserve vas vmuch vvision vas
vpossible. vIf vthere vis vadvanced vdisease, venucleation vis vnecessary. vIt vmay vbe
vdifficult vfor van vinfant vor vyoung vchild vto vlearn vto vsee vthe vworld vwith vonly vone veye
vand vadapt vto vthis vsensation. vPain vmay vbe vpresent vbut vit vis vnot vrelated vto vretinal
vremoval. vThe ventire veye vstructure vis vremoved. vIf vthe veye vneeds vto vbe vremoved
vthe vchild vhas vnot vexperienced vnormal vvision vfor vsome vtime vprevious vto vsurgery
vso vthere vwould vnot vbe vfear vrelating vto vthe vloss vof vnormal vvision. vAnticipatory
vgrieving vwould voccur vmore vfrom vthe vparents vthan vthe vinfant.
1. vThe vnurse vis vcaring vfor va v6-year-old vboy vwith vnon-Hodgkin vlymphoma vwho vis
vbeing vtreated vwith vmonoclonal vantibodies. vWhat vrecommendation vwould vthe vnurse
vinclude vin vthe vchild's vplan vof vcare? v- vCORRECT✅✅Answer: vMonitoring vfor
vallergic vreactions vor vanaphylaxis.
Rationale: vThe vnurse vwould vmonitor vfor vinfusion-related vreactions vand vanaphylaxis
vif vmonoclonal vantibodies vwere vadministered vand vwould vhave vepinephrine,
vantihistamines, vand vsteroids vavailable vat vthe vbedside vfor vtreatment vif va vreaction
voccurred. vAssessing vthe vlevel vof vhydration vdue vto vvomiting vwould vbe vnecessary vif
vtumor vnecrosis vfactor vwas vadministered. vThe vflu-like vsymptoms vproduced vby
vinterferons valso vrequire vhydration vmaintenance. vMonitoring vfor vcomplaints vof vbone
vpain vis vappropriate vwhen vadministering vcolony-stimulating vfactors vsuch vas
vfilgrastim vor vsargramostim. vAssessing vfor vsigns vof vcapillary vleak vsyndrome vwithin
v2 vto v12 vhours vof vthe vstart vof vtreatment vis vnecessary vwhen vinterleukins vare vused.
The vnurse vis vcaring vfor va v9-year-old vboy vwho vis vhaving vchemotherapy. vThe vnurse
vis vdeveloping va vteaching vplan vfor vthe vchild vand vfamily vabout vnutrition. vWhat
vinstruction vwould vthe vnurse vbe vleast vlikely vto vinclude? v- vCORRECT✅✅Answer:
vConcentrating von vconsuming vprimarily vhigh-calorie vshakes vand vpuddings.
, Rationale: vProviding vhigh-calorie vshakes vand vpuddings vwith vdiet vrestrictions vcan
vhelp vwith vweight vgain, vif vthat vis va vproblem. vHowever, vconcentrating von vhigh-
calorie vshakes vand vpuddings vis vnot va vgood vstrategy. vIt vis vbest vto vprovide va
vbalanced vdiet vemphasizing vgrains, vfruits, vand vvegetables. vIf vpain vis vbeing vtreated
vwith vopioid vanalgesics, vfeaturing vhigh-fiber vfoods vis vimportant vto vhelp vrelieve
vconstipation. vAvoiding vmilk vproducts vis va vgood videa vif vdiarrhea vis va vproblem
vbecause vlactose vcan vmake vdiarrhea vworse.
The vnurse vis vpreparing va vpresentation vfor va vparent vgroup vabout vchildhood
vcancers, vfocusing von vbrain vtumors vin vchildren. vWhat vwould vthe vnurse vdescribe vas
vthe vmost vcommon vtype vof vbrain vtumor? v- vCORRECT✅✅Answer:
vmedulloblastoma
Rationale: vOf vall vthe vtypes vof vbrain vtumors vlisted, va vmedulloblastoma vis vthe vmost
vcommon vtype. vIt vis vinvasive, vis vhighly vmalignant, vand vgrows vrapidly.
A vchild vis vreceiving vmethotrexate vas vpart vof vhis vchemotherapy vprotocol. vThe vnurse
vwould vanticipate vadministering vwhich vagent vto vcounteract vthe vtoxic veffects vof
vmethotrexate? v- vCORRECT✅✅Answer: vLeucovorin
Rationale: vLeucovorin vis vgiven vas van vantidote vto vmethotrexate vto vreduce vits vtoxic
veffects. vMesna vis vgiven vwhen vcyclophosphamide vand vifosfamide vare vused vto
vprevent vhemorrhagic vcystitis. vCyclosporine vis van vimmunosuppressant vused vto vtreat
vgraft-versus-host vdisease vafter vhematopoietic vstem vcell vtransplant. vNystatin vis
vused vto vtreat vmucositis vor vsystemic vfungal vinfection.
A vnurse vis vcaring vfor va vterminally vill v7-year-old vwho vis vhospitalized vand vis vwishing
vto vgo vhome? vWhat vtype vof vreferral vcan vthis vnurse vmake vso vthat vthe vchild vcan
vreceive vcare vat vhome? v- vCORRECT✅✅Answer: vHospice vcare
Rationale: vMany vchildren vin vterminal vstages vof vdisease vare valso vcared vfor vat
vhome vwith vhospice vcare.
A vchild vis vreceiving vchemotherapy. vThe vchemotherapy vis vscheduled vto vbegin vat v10
va.m. vTo vprevent vnausea vand vvomiting, vthe vchild vis vprescribed vondansetron. vAt
vwhat vtime vwould vit vbe vbest vto vadminister vthe vmedication? v-
vCORRECT✅✅Answer: v9:30 va.m.
Rationale: vTo vprevent vnausea vand vvomiting vfrom vchemotherapy, vondansetron
vshould vbe vgiven v30 vminutes vbefore vbeginning vchemotherapy. vFor vthis vchild, vthe
vcorrect vtime vwould vbe v9:30 va.m.
The vparents vof va vchild vdiagnosed vwith vcerebral vastrocytoma vask vthe vnurse vabout
vtheir vchild's vprognosis. vWhich vresponse vby vthe vnurse vwould vbe vmost vappropriate?
v- vCORRECT✅✅Answer: v"The vprognosis vis vfavorable vwith vcomplete vsurgical
Answers
1. vThe vnurse vis vpreparing vclients vfor vdiagnostic vtesting vfor vcancer. vWhich vtest vis
vused vto vdifferentiate va vneuroblastoma vfrom vother vtumors? v-
vCORRECT✅✅Answer: vUrine vcatecholamine vmetabolites, vhomovanillic vacid
v(HVA), vand vvanillylmandelic vacid v(VMA)
Rationale: vNeuroblastomas vproduce vcatecholamines. vUrine vcatecholamine
vmetabolites, vhomovanillic vacid v(HVA), vand vvanillylmandelic vacid v(VMA) vdifferentiate
vneuroblastomas vfrom vother vtumors. vThis vexam vis vdone vby vcollecting va v24-hour
vurine vspecimen. vUrinalysis vprovides vgeneral vinformation vabout vrenal vfunction.
vSerum vchemistries vhelp vto vevaluate vthe vbody's vresponse vto vthe vcancer vprocess.
vCBC vwith vdifferential vdetermines vabnormal vloss vor vdestruction vof vcells vthat vmay
vindicate vcancer vor vbone vmarrow vsuppression.
The vhealth vcare vprovider vprescribed van valkylating vagent vfor va vchild's
vchemotherapy. vWhich vbest vdescribes van vaction vproduced vby vthese vtypes vof
vagents? v- vCORRECT✅✅Answer: vThey vare vcell vcycle-nonspecific, vdestroying
vboth vresting vand vdividing vcells.
Rationale: vAlkylating vagents vare vcell vcycle-nonspecific, vdestroying vboth vresting vand
vdividing vcells. vDuring valkylation, vthe vhydrogen vatoms vof vsome vmolecules vwithin
vthe vcell vare vreplaced vby van valkyl vgroup. vThis vgroup vinterferes vwith vDNA
vreplication vand vRNA vtranscription. vInterferons vare vthe vclassification vof vdrugs vthat
vare vsynthesized vby vbacterial vand vfungal vagents. vAntimetabolites vare vactive vin vthe
vS vphase vand vact vsimilarly vto vnormal vcellular vmetabolites. vThey valter vthe vcell's
vfunction vto vdestroy vthe vcell's vability vto vreplicate.
1. vThe vnurse vcaring vfor va vcancer vpatient vrecognizes vthe vsigns vand vsymptoms vof
vsyndrome vof vinappropriate vantidiuretic vhormone v(SIADH) vin va vpatient. vWhich vof
vthe vfollowing vare vrecommended vinterventions vfor vthis vemergency vcondition? vSelect
vall vthat vapply. v- vCORRECT✅✅Answer:
· vRestrict vfluids vto vbelow vmaintenance vlevels.
· vMonitor vintake vand voutput.
· vMonitor vspecific vgravity vof veach vvoiding.
· vMonitor vserum vsodium vlevels.
Rationale: vThe vappropriate vinterventions vfor vSIADH vare vto vrestrict vfluids vto vbelow
vmaintenance vlevels; vadminister vdiuretics; vand vmonitor vintake vand voutput, vspecific
vgravity vof veach vvoiding, vserum vsodium vlevels, vand vseizure vactivity.
,Which vsymptom vwould vlead vthe vnurse vto vsuspect vthat va vchild vis vdeveloping va
vcommon vside veffect vof vvincristine? v- vCORRECT✅✅Answer: vThe vchild vsays vthe
vfingertips vfeel vnumb.
Rationale: vVincristine vhas va vnumber vof vside veffects. vMyelosuppression voccurs,,
vwhich vcan vcause vdecreased vblood vcounts, vhemorrhage, vand vanemia. vA vcommon
vside veffect vof vvincristine vis vnumbness vand vtingling vin vthe vhands vand vfeet.
vAllopurinol vis vadministered vwhen vthe vchild vis vreceiving vvincristine, vbecause vthe
vdying vcancer vcells vcause vincreased vuric vacid. vA vside veffect vof vthe vallopurinol vis
vblistering, vpeeling, vand vred vskin vrash. vWith vboth vof vthe vdrugs vthe vchild vshould vbe
vproperly vhydrated vto vprevent vside veffects. vToothache vand vhearing vloss vare
vsymptoms vof vside veffects vof vother vchemotherapeutic vagents, vbut vnot vvincristine.
1. vWhich vdiagnosis vwould vbe vmost vappropriate vfor van vinfant vwith va vlarge
vretinoblastoma vafter vsurgery? v- vCORRECT✅✅Answer: vDisturbed vsensory
vperception vrelated vto venucleation
Rationale: vRetinoblastoma vis va vcongenital vhighly vmalignant vtumor. vWhen vthere vis
vearly vdetection vthe vgoal vis vto vtreat vthe vtumor vand vpreserve vas vmuch vvision vas
vpossible. vIf vthere vis vadvanced vdisease, venucleation vis vnecessary. vIt vmay vbe
vdifficult vfor van vinfant vor vyoung vchild vto vlearn vto vsee vthe vworld vwith vonly vone veye
vand vadapt vto vthis vsensation. vPain vmay vbe vpresent vbut vit vis vnot vrelated vto vretinal
vremoval. vThe ventire veye vstructure vis vremoved. vIf vthe veye vneeds vto vbe vremoved
vthe vchild vhas vnot vexperienced vnormal vvision vfor vsome vtime vprevious vto vsurgery
vso vthere vwould vnot vbe vfear vrelating vto vthe vloss vof vnormal vvision. vAnticipatory
vgrieving vwould voccur vmore vfrom vthe vparents vthan vthe vinfant.
1. vThe vnurse vis vcaring vfor va v6-year-old vboy vwith vnon-Hodgkin vlymphoma vwho vis
vbeing vtreated vwith vmonoclonal vantibodies. vWhat vrecommendation vwould vthe vnurse
vinclude vin vthe vchild's vplan vof vcare? v- vCORRECT✅✅Answer: vMonitoring vfor
vallergic vreactions vor vanaphylaxis.
Rationale: vThe vnurse vwould vmonitor vfor vinfusion-related vreactions vand vanaphylaxis
vif vmonoclonal vantibodies vwere vadministered vand vwould vhave vepinephrine,
vantihistamines, vand vsteroids vavailable vat vthe vbedside vfor vtreatment vif va vreaction
voccurred. vAssessing vthe vlevel vof vhydration vdue vto vvomiting vwould vbe vnecessary vif
vtumor vnecrosis vfactor vwas vadministered. vThe vflu-like vsymptoms vproduced vby
vinterferons valso vrequire vhydration vmaintenance. vMonitoring vfor vcomplaints vof vbone
vpain vis vappropriate vwhen vadministering vcolony-stimulating vfactors vsuch vas
vfilgrastim vor vsargramostim. vAssessing vfor vsigns vof vcapillary vleak vsyndrome vwithin
v2 vto v12 vhours vof vthe vstart vof vtreatment vis vnecessary vwhen vinterleukins vare vused.
The vnurse vis vcaring vfor va v9-year-old vboy vwho vis vhaving vchemotherapy. vThe vnurse
vis vdeveloping va vteaching vplan vfor vthe vchild vand vfamily vabout vnutrition. vWhat
vinstruction vwould vthe vnurse vbe vleast vlikely vto vinclude? v- vCORRECT✅✅Answer:
vConcentrating von vconsuming vprimarily vhigh-calorie vshakes vand vpuddings.
, Rationale: vProviding vhigh-calorie vshakes vand vpuddings vwith vdiet vrestrictions vcan
vhelp vwith vweight vgain, vif vthat vis va vproblem. vHowever, vconcentrating von vhigh-
calorie vshakes vand vpuddings vis vnot va vgood vstrategy. vIt vis vbest vto vprovide va
vbalanced vdiet vemphasizing vgrains, vfruits, vand vvegetables. vIf vpain vis vbeing vtreated
vwith vopioid vanalgesics, vfeaturing vhigh-fiber vfoods vis vimportant vto vhelp vrelieve
vconstipation. vAvoiding vmilk vproducts vis va vgood videa vif vdiarrhea vis va vproblem
vbecause vlactose vcan vmake vdiarrhea vworse.
The vnurse vis vpreparing va vpresentation vfor va vparent vgroup vabout vchildhood
vcancers, vfocusing von vbrain vtumors vin vchildren. vWhat vwould vthe vnurse vdescribe vas
vthe vmost vcommon vtype vof vbrain vtumor? v- vCORRECT✅✅Answer:
vmedulloblastoma
Rationale: vOf vall vthe vtypes vof vbrain vtumors vlisted, va vmedulloblastoma vis vthe vmost
vcommon vtype. vIt vis vinvasive, vis vhighly vmalignant, vand vgrows vrapidly.
A vchild vis vreceiving vmethotrexate vas vpart vof vhis vchemotherapy vprotocol. vThe vnurse
vwould vanticipate vadministering vwhich vagent vto vcounteract vthe vtoxic veffects vof
vmethotrexate? v- vCORRECT✅✅Answer: vLeucovorin
Rationale: vLeucovorin vis vgiven vas van vantidote vto vmethotrexate vto vreduce vits vtoxic
veffects. vMesna vis vgiven vwhen vcyclophosphamide vand vifosfamide vare vused vto
vprevent vhemorrhagic vcystitis. vCyclosporine vis van vimmunosuppressant vused vto vtreat
vgraft-versus-host vdisease vafter vhematopoietic vstem vcell vtransplant. vNystatin vis
vused vto vtreat vmucositis vor vsystemic vfungal vinfection.
A vnurse vis vcaring vfor va vterminally vill v7-year-old vwho vis vhospitalized vand vis vwishing
vto vgo vhome? vWhat vtype vof vreferral vcan vthis vnurse vmake vso vthat vthe vchild vcan
vreceive vcare vat vhome? v- vCORRECT✅✅Answer: vHospice vcare
Rationale: vMany vchildren vin vterminal vstages vof vdisease vare valso vcared vfor vat
vhome vwith vhospice vcare.
A vchild vis vreceiving vchemotherapy. vThe vchemotherapy vis vscheduled vto vbegin vat v10
va.m. vTo vprevent vnausea vand vvomiting, vthe vchild vis vprescribed vondansetron. vAt
vwhat vtime vwould vit vbe vbest vto vadminister vthe vmedication? v-
vCORRECT✅✅Answer: v9:30 va.m.
Rationale: vTo vprevent vnausea vand vvomiting vfrom vchemotherapy, vondansetron
vshould vbe vgiven v30 vminutes vbefore vbeginning vchemotherapy. vFor vthis vchild, vthe
vcorrect vtime vwould vbe v9:30 va.m.
The vparents vof va vchild vdiagnosed vwith vcerebral vastrocytoma vask vthe vnurse vabout
vtheir vchild's vprognosis. vWhich vresponse vby vthe vnurse vwould vbe vmost vappropriate?
v- vCORRECT✅✅Answer: v"The vprognosis vis vfavorable vwith vcomplete vsurgical
