EMT EXAM 4 FINAL SCRIPT JB LEARNING 2026
QUESTIONS WITH FULL SOLUTIONS
◉ Your patient is a 7-year-old male who ate an unknown type of
mushroom on a dare by his friends. You should ask all of the
following questions except: Answer: Why did you eat the
mushroom? CORRECT. The fact that the patient took the drug on a
dare or for any other reason for that matter is irrelevant for the EMT
to deliver good patient care. The presence of "peer pressure" as well
if the patient knows the mushrooms are poisonous or not does not
play into the EMT being able to deliver good patient care.
◉ Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) is an example of which of the
following types of drugs? Answer: Depressant CORRECT. A downer
(depressant) you may see is GHB (gamma-hydroxybutyrate), also
known as Georgia Home Boy or goop. In addition to depressing the
central nervous system, it produces a sense of euphoria and
sometimes hallucinations. It has caused respiratory depression so
severe that patients have required assisted ventilations even though
some of them were still breathing.
◉ What clinical finding is MOST suggestive of an inhaled poison?
Answer: Black-colored sputum CORRECT. Altered mental status and
tachypnea can occur with any poisoning. A swollen tongue can be
from an inhaled poison but is more likely the result of anaphylaxis.
,Black-colored sputum is a clear indication that the patient has
inhaled toxic smoke, which is an inhaled poison.
◉ You are called to a farm for a possible organophosphate poisoning
of one of the workers. Your first action is to: Answer: call for
specialized hazardous materials units. CORRECT. The patient is
potentially covered with a hazardous and poisonous material.
Calling for a specialized hazardous materials unit that has the
training and resources to properly decontaminate the patient is the
best first action.
◉ Which of the following is a common sign and symptom in
poisonings of all types? Answer: Nausea and vomiting CORRECT.
Nausea and vomiting are two of the most common results of all
kinds of poisoning. When a poison is ingested you may also find
altered mental status, abdominal pain, diarrhea, chemical burns
around the mouth, and unusual breath odors. With inhaled poisons,
find out if the patient is having difficulty breathing, chest pain,
coughing, hoarseness, dizziness, headache, confusion, seizures, or
altered mental status.
◉ Which of the following is a substance that will neutralize a poison
or its effects? Answer: Antidote CORRECT. An antidote is a substance
that will neutralize the poison or its effects.
◉ Your patient is a 2-year-old conscious male who has swallowed a
small quantity of bleach. Which of the following findings should you
,evaluate the patient for? Answer: Irritation in and around the mouth
CORRECT. Mild exposure to bleach can result in coughing, eye
irritation, and sore throat. Common signs and symptoms include a
liquid or powder (bleach) on the patient's skin, burns, itching,
irritation, and redness. A small quantity of bleach being ingested will
not cause dilated pupils, irregular pulse, and respiratory depression.
◉ Volatile chemicals are agents that are able to change easily from a
________ form to a ________ form. Answer: liquid; gas CORRECT. The
gases produced from volatile liquid chemicals are noxious meaning
they can easily change from a liquid into a gas. These substances go
from a liquid to a gas at a wide range of temperatures, especially at
room temperature and normal atmospheric pressure.
◉ Which of the following is NOT true concerning a patient's reaction
to toxic gas exposure? Answer: . If the patient is treated immediately,
there will be no long-term effects. CORRECT. These patients need
immediate medical evaluation because they have serious long-term
effects and consequences, including neurological deficits, from their
exposure, despite the most definitive care. The patients may
experience long-term effects from exposure.
◉ Which of the following conditions can mimic the signs of alcohol
intoxication? Answer: . All of the above CORRECT. Diabetes, epilepsy,
head injuries, high fevers, hypoxia, and other medical problems may
make the patient appear to be intoxicated when he is not.
, ◉ You are called to the scene of a 17-year-old female patient who is
unresponsive. Her mother suspects that she tried to commit suicide
by taking her pain pills. The patient is unresponsive to painful
stimuli, has agonal respirations, and has vomited. She has a weak
carotid pulse. After securing the airway and providing oxygen by
bag-valve mask, what is your next action? Answer: . Perform a rapid
physical examination of the patient. CORRECT. The patient is
unresponsive. Although an overdose is suspected, you must not get
tunnel vision that this is the only possibility. You must take the time
to rule out any other possibilities. You must perform a rapid physical
exam after correcting issues with the airway, breathing, and
circulation, then look for any other life-threatening injuries
whenever the patient is unresponsive.
◉ When a substance enters the body through unbroken skin, it has
entered the body by which of the following routes? Answer:
Absorption CORRECT. Absorbed poisons (poisons taken into the
body through unbroken skin) may or may not damage the skin.
Many are corrosives or irritants that will injure the skin and then be
slowly absorbed into body tissues and the bloodstream, possibly
causing widespread damage. Others are absorbed into the
bloodstream without injuring the skin.
◉ Which of the following is LEAST often seen in carbon monoxide
poisoning? Answer: Cherry red lips CORRECT. There is a commonly
accepted idea that a patient exposed to carbon monoxide will have
cherry red lips. In fact, cherry red skin is NOT typically seen in
patients with carbon monoxide poisoning.
QUESTIONS WITH FULL SOLUTIONS
◉ Your patient is a 7-year-old male who ate an unknown type of
mushroom on a dare by his friends. You should ask all of the
following questions except: Answer: Why did you eat the
mushroom? CORRECT. The fact that the patient took the drug on a
dare or for any other reason for that matter is irrelevant for the EMT
to deliver good patient care. The presence of "peer pressure" as well
if the patient knows the mushrooms are poisonous or not does not
play into the EMT being able to deliver good patient care.
◉ Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) is an example of which of the
following types of drugs? Answer: Depressant CORRECT. A downer
(depressant) you may see is GHB (gamma-hydroxybutyrate), also
known as Georgia Home Boy or goop. In addition to depressing the
central nervous system, it produces a sense of euphoria and
sometimes hallucinations. It has caused respiratory depression so
severe that patients have required assisted ventilations even though
some of them were still breathing.
◉ What clinical finding is MOST suggestive of an inhaled poison?
Answer: Black-colored sputum CORRECT. Altered mental status and
tachypnea can occur with any poisoning. A swollen tongue can be
from an inhaled poison but is more likely the result of anaphylaxis.
,Black-colored sputum is a clear indication that the patient has
inhaled toxic smoke, which is an inhaled poison.
◉ You are called to a farm for a possible organophosphate poisoning
of one of the workers. Your first action is to: Answer: call for
specialized hazardous materials units. CORRECT. The patient is
potentially covered with a hazardous and poisonous material.
Calling for a specialized hazardous materials unit that has the
training and resources to properly decontaminate the patient is the
best first action.
◉ Which of the following is a common sign and symptom in
poisonings of all types? Answer: Nausea and vomiting CORRECT.
Nausea and vomiting are two of the most common results of all
kinds of poisoning. When a poison is ingested you may also find
altered mental status, abdominal pain, diarrhea, chemical burns
around the mouth, and unusual breath odors. With inhaled poisons,
find out if the patient is having difficulty breathing, chest pain,
coughing, hoarseness, dizziness, headache, confusion, seizures, or
altered mental status.
◉ Which of the following is a substance that will neutralize a poison
or its effects? Answer: Antidote CORRECT. An antidote is a substance
that will neutralize the poison or its effects.
◉ Your patient is a 2-year-old conscious male who has swallowed a
small quantity of bleach. Which of the following findings should you
,evaluate the patient for? Answer: Irritation in and around the mouth
CORRECT. Mild exposure to bleach can result in coughing, eye
irritation, and sore throat. Common signs and symptoms include a
liquid or powder (bleach) on the patient's skin, burns, itching,
irritation, and redness. A small quantity of bleach being ingested will
not cause dilated pupils, irregular pulse, and respiratory depression.
◉ Volatile chemicals are agents that are able to change easily from a
________ form to a ________ form. Answer: liquid; gas CORRECT. The
gases produced from volatile liquid chemicals are noxious meaning
they can easily change from a liquid into a gas. These substances go
from a liquid to a gas at a wide range of temperatures, especially at
room temperature and normal atmospheric pressure.
◉ Which of the following is NOT true concerning a patient's reaction
to toxic gas exposure? Answer: . If the patient is treated immediately,
there will be no long-term effects. CORRECT. These patients need
immediate medical evaluation because they have serious long-term
effects and consequences, including neurological deficits, from their
exposure, despite the most definitive care. The patients may
experience long-term effects from exposure.
◉ Which of the following conditions can mimic the signs of alcohol
intoxication? Answer: . All of the above CORRECT. Diabetes, epilepsy,
head injuries, high fevers, hypoxia, and other medical problems may
make the patient appear to be intoxicated when he is not.
, ◉ You are called to the scene of a 17-year-old female patient who is
unresponsive. Her mother suspects that she tried to commit suicide
by taking her pain pills. The patient is unresponsive to painful
stimuli, has agonal respirations, and has vomited. She has a weak
carotid pulse. After securing the airway and providing oxygen by
bag-valve mask, what is your next action? Answer: . Perform a rapid
physical examination of the patient. CORRECT. The patient is
unresponsive. Although an overdose is suspected, you must not get
tunnel vision that this is the only possibility. You must take the time
to rule out any other possibilities. You must perform a rapid physical
exam after correcting issues with the airway, breathing, and
circulation, then look for any other life-threatening injuries
whenever the patient is unresponsive.
◉ When a substance enters the body through unbroken skin, it has
entered the body by which of the following routes? Answer:
Absorption CORRECT. Absorbed poisons (poisons taken into the
body through unbroken skin) may or may not damage the skin.
Many are corrosives or irritants that will injure the skin and then be
slowly absorbed into body tissues and the bloodstream, possibly
causing widespread damage. Others are absorbed into the
bloodstream without injuring the skin.
◉ Which of the following is LEAST often seen in carbon monoxide
poisoning? Answer: Cherry red lips CORRECT. There is a commonly
accepted idea that a patient exposed to carbon monoxide will have
cherry red lips. In fact, cherry red skin is NOT typically seen in
patients with carbon monoxide poisoning.
