Medical & Dental Specialist 2025 – 40+ Updated Exam Definitions | Surgery, Pediatrics, Endocrine, Dental Fields

This document contains 40+ verified and updated exam definitions covering the essential medical and dental specialties tested in the Medical and Dental Specialist course for the 2025/2026 academic year. All terms are paired with concise, accurate explanations—ideal for rapid review and certification preparation. Medical specialties include: Internal medicine & systems-based fields (cardiology, endocrinology, neurology, oncology, urology) Population-focused care (family physician, geriatrician, pediatrician, obstetrician) Surgical specialties (general surgeon, plastic surgeon, thoracic surgeon, proctologist) Diagnostic and mental health roles (radiologist, pathologist, psychiatrist) Dental specialties cover: Endodontics (nerve and root care) Orthodontics (teeth alignment) Periodontics (gum health) Prosthodontics (artificial tooth replacement) Oral surgery and pedodontics This resource is best suited for: Students in Health Science I, Allied Health, CTE healthcare courses, or pre-nursing tracks Learners preparing for HOSA, CNA, or health career pathway assessments Educators teaching introductory medical/dental terminology This study guide ensures mastery of key healthcare roles and supports strong exam performance across health-focused academic programs. Keywords: cardiologist, neurologist, endocrinologist, pediatrician, family practice, obstetrician, psychiatrist, surgeon, radiologist, pathologist, geriatrician, gynecologist, urologist, oncologist, plastic surgeon, orthopedist, otolaryngologist, anesthesiologist, internist, dentist, orthodontist, prosthodontist, periodontist, pedodontist, oral surgeon, endodontist