EXAMINATION TEST 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ Atherectomy. Answer: Breaks up and removes plaque from coronary
arteries.
◉ Stent Placement. Answer: Wire mesh inserted to hold a vessel open.
◉ Angioplasty (PTCA). Answer: Widening of a coronary vessel with a
balloon or stent.
◉ Invasive Cardiac Procedure Nursing Care. Answer: Monitor for
perforation, embolus, re-occlusion; check VS, chest pain, catheter site;
use IV nitroglycerin; encourage fluids (if not contraindicated); give
anticoagulants; hold Metformin 24 hr pre- and 48 hr post-procedure.
◉ Temporary Pacemaker. Answer: Clean skin (no alcohol), proper pad
placement, avoid breast tissue, no BP on L arm, analgesics as needed.
, ◉ Permanent Pacemaker. Answer: Leads via cephalic/subclavian vein to
R heart; limit arm movement 4-6 weeks; report dizziness, swelling,
SOB.
◉ Stable Angina. Answer: Predictable chest pain with exertion, relieved
by rest or nitro.
◉ Unstable Angina. Answer: Unpredictable pain, occurs at rest, may
precede MI.
◉ Prinzmetal's Angina. Answer: Coronary vasospasm causing variable
chest pain.
◉ Angina Nursing Care. Answer: Monitor VS, pain, O₂, EKG; bed rest;
IV access.
◉ Nitroglycerin/Isosorbide Use. Answer: Vasodilation ↓
preload/afterload and myocardial O₂ demand. SL Nitro 1 tab q5 min ×3
→ sit down first. Patches for prevention.
◉ Nitro Contraindications/S.E.. Answer: Hypotension, ED drugs, ↑ ICP;
monitor for headache, dizziness, orthostatic hypotension.
◉ Myocardial Infarction (MI) Diagnostics. Answer: ↑ Troponin > 0.4
ng/mL, ↑ CK-MB, EKG ST changes (STEMI/NSTEMI).