Page 1 of 53
NSG221 / NSG 221 Exam 2 (Latest 2025 Update):
Mental Health | Review with Questions and Verified
Answers | All Units Covered | 100% Correct | Grade
A - Herzing
Epidemiology .....ANSWER.....is the study of the distribution and
determinants of health and disease in human populations and is
the principal science of public health.
Web of Causation Model .....ANSWER.....illustrates the
complexity of relationships among causal variables for heart
disease.
descriptive epidemiology .....ANSWER.....is the study of the
amount and distribution of disease.
Analytic epidemiology .....ANSWER.....investigates the causes of
disease, or etiology
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Rates .....ANSWER.....are arithmetic expressions that help
practitioners consider a count of an event relative to the size of
the population from which it is extracted. They are population
proportions or fractions in which the numerator is the number of
events occurring in a specified period. The denominator consists
of those in the population at the specified time period. This
proportion is multiplied by a constant (k) that is a multiple of 10.
The constant usually converts the resultant number to a whole
number
Incidence rates .....ANSWER.....describe the occurrence of new
cases of a disease or condition in a community over a given
period relative to the size of the population at risk for that
disease or condition during that same period. The denominator
consists of only those at risk for the disease or condition;
therefore, known cases or those not susceptible are subtracted
from the total population. Incidence rates are useful for detecting
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short-term changes in acute disease in which the duration of the
disease is typically short. Incidence rate = number of new cases
or events occurring in the population in a specified period
divided by the population at risk during same specified period
multiplied by "k."
A prevalence rate .....ANSWER.....is the number of all cases of a
specific disease or condition in a population at a given point in
time relative to the population at the same point in time.
Prevalence rate = number of existing cases in population at a
specified point in time divided by the population at same
specified point in time multiplied by "k."
screening programs .....ANSWER.....are conducted by community
health nurses. They may perform physical examinations, promote
client self-examination, conduct screening programs in schools,
clinicals, or community settings. Guidelines for screening
programs include screening for conditions in which early
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detection and treatment can improve disease outcome and
quality of life; screening populations that have risk factors or are
more susceptible to the disease; select a screening method that is
simple, safe, inexpensive to administer, acceptable to clients, and
has acceptable sensitivity and specificity; plan for the timely
referral and follow-up of clients with positive results; identify
referral resources that are appropriate, cost effective, and
convenient for clients.
Surveillance .....ANSWER.....is a mechanism for the ongoing
collection of community health information. Monitoring for
changes in disease frequency is essential to effective and
responsive public health programs. Identifying trends in disease
incidence or identifying risk factor status by location and
population subgroup over time allows the community health nurse
to evaluate the effectiveness of existing programs and to
implement interventions targeted to high-risk groups
NSG221 / NSG 221 Exam 2 (Latest 2025 Update):
Mental Health | Review with Questions and Verified
Answers | All Units Covered | 100% Correct | Grade
A - Herzing
Epidemiology .....ANSWER.....is the study of the distribution and
determinants of health and disease in human populations and is
the principal science of public health.
Web of Causation Model .....ANSWER.....illustrates the
complexity of relationships among causal variables for heart
disease.
descriptive epidemiology .....ANSWER.....is the study of the
amount and distribution of disease.
Analytic epidemiology .....ANSWER.....investigates the causes of
disease, or etiology
,Page 2 of 53
Rates .....ANSWER.....are arithmetic expressions that help
practitioners consider a count of an event relative to the size of
the population from which it is extracted. They are population
proportions or fractions in which the numerator is the number of
events occurring in a specified period. The denominator consists
of those in the population at the specified time period. This
proportion is multiplied by a constant (k) that is a multiple of 10.
The constant usually converts the resultant number to a whole
number
Incidence rates .....ANSWER.....describe the occurrence of new
cases of a disease or condition in a community over a given
period relative to the size of the population at risk for that
disease or condition during that same period. The denominator
consists of only those at risk for the disease or condition;
therefore, known cases or those not susceptible are subtracted
from the total population. Incidence rates are useful for detecting
,Page 3 of 53
short-term changes in acute disease in which the duration of the
disease is typically short. Incidence rate = number of new cases
or events occurring in the population in a specified period
divided by the population at risk during same specified period
multiplied by "k."
A prevalence rate .....ANSWER.....is the number of all cases of a
specific disease or condition in a population at a given point in
time relative to the population at the same point in time.
Prevalence rate = number of existing cases in population at a
specified point in time divided by the population at same
specified point in time multiplied by "k."
screening programs .....ANSWER.....are conducted by community
health nurses. They may perform physical examinations, promote
client self-examination, conduct screening programs in schools,
clinicals, or community settings. Guidelines for screening
programs include screening for conditions in which early
, Page 4 of 53
detection and treatment can improve disease outcome and
quality of life; screening populations that have risk factors or are
more susceptible to the disease; select a screening method that is
simple, safe, inexpensive to administer, acceptable to clients, and
has acceptable sensitivity and specificity; plan for the timely
referral and follow-up of clients with positive results; identify
referral resources that are appropriate, cost effective, and
convenient for clients.
Surveillance .....ANSWER.....is a mechanism for the ongoing
collection of community health information. Monitoring for
changes in disease frequency is essential to effective and
responsive public health programs. Identifying trends in disease
incidence or identifying risk factor status by location and
population subgroup over time allows the community health nurse
to evaluate the effectiveness of existing programs and to
implement interventions targeted to high-risk groups
