CAMPBELL BIOLOGY CHAPTER 35. PLANT STRUCTURE, GROWTH, AND DEVELOPMENT
EXAM QUESTIONS WELL ANSWERED
The development of plants depends on - Answers the environment and is highly adaptive
Name the two major groups of angiosperms - Answers Monocots and eudicots are the two
major groups of angiosperms
Developmental plasticity - Answers is more marked in plants than in animals
In addition to plasticity, plant species have by natural selection accumulated - Answers
characteristics of morphology (external form) that vary little within the species
Plants have a hierarchical organization consisting of - Answers organs, tissues, and cells
An organ consists of - Answers several types of tissues that together carry out particular
functions
A tissue is a - Answers group of cells consisting of one or more cell types that together perform
a specialized function
The Three Basic Plant Organs: - Answers Roots, Stems, and Leaves
Basic morphology of vascular plants reflects their evolution as organisms that - Answers draw
nutrients from below ground and above ground
Plants take up water and minerals from - Answers below ground
Plants take up CO2 and light from - Answers above ground
The three basic organs evolved are organized into - Answers root system and a shoot system
A root is - Answers an organ with important functions:
-Anchoring the plant
-Absorbing minerals and water
-Storing carbohydrates
The primary root (radicle) is - Answers the first root to emerge from the seed
The primary root branches to form - Answers lateral roots, which help improve anchorage and
absorption
The taproot develops from - Answers the primary root (radicle) and prevents the plant from
toppling
Lateral roots are responsible for - Answers absorption
, Small or trailing plants generally have what type of root system - Answers have a fibrous root
system which consists of
Adventitious roots that arise from stems or leaves
A taproot system consists of - Answers one main vertical root that gives rise to lateral roots, or
branch roots
In most plants, absorption of water and minerals occurs at - Answers the root hairs, where vast
numbers of tiny root hairs increase the surface area
Many plants have modified roots; name the modified roots - Answers -Prop Roots (corn, Banyan
Tree)
-Storage roots (Beets)
-Strangling aerial roots (Ficus)
-Buttress roots (Ceiba tree)
-Pneumatophores (Aricennia)
Pneumatophores - Answers Respiratory roots
A stem is an organ consisting of - Answers An alternating system of nodes, the points at which
leaves are attached
Internodes - Answers the stem segments between nodes
Apical bud - Answers The growing shoot tip, or apical bud, causes elongation of a young shoot
An axillary bud - Answers is a structure that has the potential to form a lateral branch, thorn, or
flower
Many plants have modified stems; name the different types of modified stems - Answers
rhizomes, stolons, tubers and bulbs
Rhizomes - Answers horizontal underground stems; asexual reproduction
Bulbs - Answers short vertical stems with swollen leaves
Stolons - Answers horizontal above ground stems
Tubers - Answers swollen ends of rhizomes or stolons; for storage of starch
The leaf is - Answers the main photosynthetic organ of most vascular plants
Functions of leaves - Answers -Intercept light,
EXAM QUESTIONS WELL ANSWERED
The development of plants depends on - Answers the environment and is highly adaptive
Name the two major groups of angiosperms - Answers Monocots and eudicots are the two
major groups of angiosperms
Developmental plasticity - Answers is more marked in plants than in animals
In addition to plasticity, plant species have by natural selection accumulated - Answers
characteristics of morphology (external form) that vary little within the species
Plants have a hierarchical organization consisting of - Answers organs, tissues, and cells
An organ consists of - Answers several types of tissues that together carry out particular
functions
A tissue is a - Answers group of cells consisting of one or more cell types that together perform
a specialized function
The Three Basic Plant Organs: - Answers Roots, Stems, and Leaves
Basic morphology of vascular plants reflects their evolution as organisms that - Answers draw
nutrients from below ground and above ground
Plants take up water and minerals from - Answers below ground
Plants take up CO2 and light from - Answers above ground
The three basic organs evolved are organized into - Answers root system and a shoot system
A root is - Answers an organ with important functions:
-Anchoring the plant
-Absorbing minerals and water
-Storing carbohydrates
The primary root (radicle) is - Answers the first root to emerge from the seed
The primary root branches to form - Answers lateral roots, which help improve anchorage and
absorption
The taproot develops from - Answers the primary root (radicle) and prevents the plant from
toppling
Lateral roots are responsible for - Answers absorption
, Small or trailing plants generally have what type of root system - Answers have a fibrous root
system which consists of
Adventitious roots that arise from stems or leaves
A taproot system consists of - Answers one main vertical root that gives rise to lateral roots, or
branch roots
In most plants, absorption of water and minerals occurs at - Answers the root hairs, where vast
numbers of tiny root hairs increase the surface area
Many plants have modified roots; name the modified roots - Answers -Prop Roots (corn, Banyan
Tree)
-Storage roots (Beets)
-Strangling aerial roots (Ficus)
-Buttress roots (Ceiba tree)
-Pneumatophores (Aricennia)
Pneumatophores - Answers Respiratory roots
A stem is an organ consisting of - Answers An alternating system of nodes, the points at which
leaves are attached
Internodes - Answers the stem segments between nodes
Apical bud - Answers The growing shoot tip, or apical bud, causes elongation of a young shoot
An axillary bud - Answers is a structure that has the potential to form a lateral branch, thorn, or
flower
Many plants have modified stems; name the different types of modified stems - Answers
rhizomes, stolons, tubers and bulbs
Rhizomes - Answers horizontal underground stems; asexual reproduction
Bulbs - Answers short vertical stems with swollen leaves
Stolons - Answers horizontal above ground stems
Tubers - Answers swollen ends of rhizomes or stolons; for storage of starch
The leaf is - Answers the main photosynthetic organ of most vascular plants
Functions of leaves - Answers -Intercept light,
