CAMPBELL BIOLOGY CHAPTERS 1 & 2 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALREADY PASSED
Evolution - Answers The process of change that has transformed life on Earth from its earliest
beginnings to the diversity of organisms living today
What are the levels of biological organization from largest to smallest? - Answers Biosphere
Ecosystem
Community
Population
Organism
Organs and Organ Systems
Tissues
Cells
Organelles
Molecules
Reductionism - Answers Reduces complex systems to simpler components that are more
manageable to study
Emergent Properties - Answers Novel properties that emerge at each level that are absent from
the previous level (both biotic and abiotic)
Systems biology - Answers The exploration of a biological system by analyzing the interactions
among its parts
In life's structural hierarchy, the ____ is the smallest unit of organization that can perform all
activities required for life. - Answers Cell
True or false: All cells are enclosed by a membrane that regulates the passage of materials
between the cell and its surroundings. - Answers True
What are the two main forms of cells? - Answers Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic
The cells of two groups of single-called microorganisms —bacteria and archaea — are ______.
(Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic?) - Answers Prokaryotic
Plant and animal cells are considered _______. (Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic?) - Answers Eukaryotic
What kind of cell contains membrane-enclosed organelles? - Answers Eukaryotic
, What kind of cell lacks a nucleus or other membrane-enclosed organelles? - Answers
Prokaryotic
Which kind of cell is generally smaller, prokaryotic or eukaryotic? - Answers Prokaryotic
What does DNA stand for? - Answers Deoxyribonucleic Acid
Within cells, structures a called chromosomes contain genetic material in the form of _______ -
Answers DNA
True or false: A DNA molecule is made up of two long chains of nucleotides arranged in a
double helix. - Answers True
Which nucleotides make up DNA? - Answers Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, and Cytosine
Gene expression - Answers The process by which the information in a gene directs the
manufacture of a cellular product
True or false: Every living organism has a unique genetic code. - Answers False. All forms of life
employ essentially the same genetic code.
Genome - Answers The entire "library" of genetic instructions that an organism inherits
True or false: when an organism uses chemical energy to perform work, some of that energy is
lost to the surroundings as heat. - Answers True
Negative Feedback - Answers A loop in which the response reduces the initial stimulus
Positive Feedback - Answers A loop in which an end product speeds up its own production
Taxonomy - Answers The branch of biology that names and classifies species
What is the order of the taxonomical classification of life? - Answers Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
(subspecies)
Evolution - Answers The process of change that has transformed life on Earth from its earliest
beginnings to the diversity of organisms living today
What are the levels of biological organization from largest to smallest? - Answers Biosphere
Ecosystem
Community
Population
Organism
Organs and Organ Systems
Tissues
Cells
Organelles
Molecules
Reductionism - Answers Reduces complex systems to simpler components that are more
manageable to study
Emergent Properties - Answers Novel properties that emerge at each level that are absent from
the previous level (both biotic and abiotic)
Systems biology - Answers The exploration of a biological system by analyzing the interactions
among its parts
In life's structural hierarchy, the ____ is the smallest unit of organization that can perform all
activities required for life. - Answers Cell
True or false: All cells are enclosed by a membrane that regulates the passage of materials
between the cell and its surroundings. - Answers True
What are the two main forms of cells? - Answers Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic
The cells of two groups of single-called microorganisms —bacteria and archaea — are ______.
(Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic?) - Answers Prokaryotic
Plant and animal cells are considered _______. (Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic?) - Answers Eukaryotic
What kind of cell contains membrane-enclosed organelles? - Answers Eukaryotic
, What kind of cell lacks a nucleus or other membrane-enclosed organelles? - Answers
Prokaryotic
Which kind of cell is generally smaller, prokaryotic or eukaryotic? - Answers Prokaryotic
What does DNA stand for? - Answers Deoxyribonucleic Acid
Within cells, structures a called chromosomes contain genetic material in the form of _______ -
Answers DNA
True or false: A DNA molecule is made up of two long chains of nucleotides arranged in a
double helix. - Answers True
Which nucleotides make up DNA? - Answers Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, and Cytosine
Gene expression - Answers The process by which the information in a gene directs the
manufacture of a cellular product
True or false: Every living organism has a unique genetic code. - Answers False. All forms of life
employ essentially the same genetic code.
Genome - Answers The entire "library" of genetic instructions that an organism inherits
True or false: when an organism uses chemical energy to perform work, some of that energy is
lost to the surroundings as heat. - Answers True
Negative Feedback - Answers A loop in which the response reduces the initial stimulus
Positive Feedback - Answers A loop in which an end product speeds up its own production
Taxonomy - Answers The branch of biology that names and classifies species
What is the order of the taxonomical classification of life? - Answers Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
(subspecies)
