NUR 232 EXAM 3 QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2025-2026
Atelectasis - Answers Alveolar collapse
The top of the lung is called? - Answers Apex, extends above the clavicle
What is the bottom of the lung called? - Answers Base, just above the diaphram
Any problem with the right lung interferes with? - Answers Gas exchange and perfusion.
When oxygen levels are high? - Answers hgb binds oxygen very tightly and little oxygen is
unloaded
when oxygen levels are low? - Answers hgb binds oxygen less tightly and will rapidly and easily
unload remaining oxygen to provide tissues with what they need.
Alveoli changes with aging? - Answers alveolar surface area decreases, diffusion capacity
decreases, ability to cough decreases, airways close early
Interventions for alveoli changes with aging - Answers encourage pt to turn, deep breathe, IS,
encourage upright position
Lung changes with aging - Answers Residual volume decreases, vital capacity decreases,
efficiency of oxygen and Co2 exchange decreases, elasticity decreases.
Interventions for lung changes with aging - Answers auscultation, inspection, help pt maintain
health and fitness, assess RR, encourage frequent oral hygiene
Pharynx and larynx changes with aging - Answers muscles atrophy, vocal cords become slack,
laryngeal muscles lose elasticity and airways lose cartilage.
interventions for pharynx and larynx changes with aging - Answers have face to face
conversations, pts voice may be soft and hard to understand
Pulmonary vasculature changes with aging - Answers vascular resistance to blood flow through
pulmonary vascular sys increases, pulmonary blood volume decreases, risk for hypoxia
increases. assess LOC pt can become confused during acute respir conds
Exercise tolerance and aging - Answers bodys response to hypoxia and hypercarbia decreases.
assess for hypoxia
Chest wall changes and aging - Answers anteroposterior diameter increases, thorax becomes
shorter, chest wall elasticity decreases, mobility of chest wall decreases
interventions for chest wall changes with aging - Answers discuss the normal changes of aging,
discuss the need for increased rest periods during exercise, pt may become anxious when
working harder to breathe.
,Important aspects to assess in respiratory system hx - Answers -smoking hx
-childhood illnesses: asthma, pneumonia, hay fever, allergies, eczema, croup, cystic fibrosis
-adult illnesses: Tb, HIV/AIDS, Dm, HTN, Heart disease, hospitalizations, surgeries, sleep
problems,
Patient Education with Smoking Cessation - Answers -list reasons you want to quit smoking
-set a date to stop smoking
-ask help from those around you
-remind self of why wanting to quit smoking
-avoid places that tempt you to smoke
-find activities to keep you busy
-list the reasons you are glad you quit
-if you have one think about the reason that caused you to light it
-think each day as an accomplishment
Gas exchange physiology - Answers first part is oxygen for tissue perfusion so that cells have
enough oxygen to metabolize and generate energy. second is removal of carbon dioxide and
waste products of metabolism.
Respiratory sys influences? - Answers Acid-base balance, speech, sense of smell, fluid balance,
and temperature.
fine crackles, rales - Answers popping, discontinuous sounds caused by air moving into
previously deflated airways, sounds like hair being rollled between fingers near the ear.
High pitched rales - Answers velcro sounds late in inspiration usually assosc with restrictive
disorders.
coarse crackles, low pitched crackles - Answers lower-pitched, coarse, rattling sounds caused
by fluid or secretions in large airways. likely to change with coughing or suctioning
Wheeze - Answers squeaky, musical, continuous sounds associated with air rushing through
narrowed airways, may be heard without a stethoschope. arise from small airways, usually do
not clear with a cough
Rhonchus/rhonchi - Answers lower pitched, coarse, continious snoring sounds, arise from the
large airways.
, Pleural Friction rub - Answers Loud, rough, grating, scratching sounds caused by the inflamed
surfaces of the pleura rubbing together, often associated with pain on deep inspirations, heard
in lateral lung fields.
Pernicious anemia - Answers Lack of intrinsic factor → impaired ability to absorb B12
body can not absorb it with out intrinsic factor in the stomach
hx of indigestion and stomach upset
Why will pills not work with Pernicious anemia? - Answers so pills will not work because there is
not enough intrinsic in the stomach to allow absorption
What hemat cond increases risk for gastric cancer? - Answers Pernicious anemia, related to low
h&h and something wrong with the stomach
Treatment of pernicious anemia? - Answers with injections, cyanacobalmin aka synthetic b12
Fever is risk for? - Answers Infection
Bruising can mean? - Answers Lack of clotting
Fatigue can be caused by? - Answers Anemia
Palor can mean? - Answers decreased RBS, anemia
nanda for decreased WBC - Answers risk for infection: care neutropenic precautions, gloves
gown mask, no fruits no flowers.
nanda for low h&h - Answers Risk for fatigue: balance rest and activity, cluster nursing
interventions, inadequate tissue perfusion, Risks for falls: fall precautions
nanda for platelet count - Answers risk for bleeding: monitor for bleeding, avoid electric razors,
rough tooth brushes, avoid IM inj
What the inflammation process of chronic diseases cause? - Answers hinder production of
RBCs. Disease examples are infections, DM, HF
anemia and kidney diseases - Answers erythropoietin, blood filtering through the kidneys get
told if more RBCs are needed and to release the production of more RBCs, People with kidney
disease are many times anemic because of this. More of an acute kidney disease.
aplastic anemia - Answers med side effects many times. Means with out growth. Pancytopenia
or low levels of all red blood cells due to toxins. May or may not be reversible.
medications used to treat anemia? - Answers iron. absorbed better with something acidic.
What medication used to treat anemia is at HIGH risk for anaphylaxis and a test does is required
Atelectasis - Answers Alveolar collapse
The top of the lung is called? - Answers Apex, extends above the clavicle
What is the bottom of the lung called? - Answers Base, just above the diaphram
Any problem with the right lung interferes with? - Answers Gas exchange and perfusion.
When oxygen levels are high? - Answers hgb binds oxygen very tightly and little oxygen is
unloaded
when oxygen levels are low? - Answers hgb binds oxygen less tightly and will rapidly and easily
unload remaining oxygen to provide tissues with what they need.
Alveoli changes with aging? - Answers alveolar surface area decreases, diffusion capacity
decreases, ability to cough decreases, airways close early
Interventions for alveoli changes with aging - Answers encourage pt to turn, deep breathe, IS,
encourage upright position
Lung changes with aging - Answers Residual volume decreases, vital capacity decreases,
efficiency of oxygen and Co2 exchange decreases, elasticity decreases.
Interventions for lung changes with aging - Answers auscultation, inspection, help pt maintain
health and fitness, assess RR, encourage frequent oral hygiene
Pharynx and larynx changes with aging - Answers muscles atrophy, vocal cords become slack,
laryngeal muscles lose elasticity and airways lose cartilage.
interventions for pharynx and larynx changes with aging - Answers have face to face
conversations, pts voice may be soft and hard to understand
Pulmonary vasculature changes with aging - Answers vascular resistance to blood flow through
pulmonary vascular sys increases, pulmonary blood volume decreases, risk for hypoxia
increases. assess LOC pt can become confused during acute respir conds
Exercise tolerance and aging - Answers bodys response to hypoxia and hypercarbia decreases.
assess for hypoxia
Chest wall changes and aging - Answers anteroposterior diameter increases, thorax becomes
shorter, chest wall elasticity decreases, mobility of chest wall decreases
interventions for chest wall changes with aging - Answers discuss the normal changes of aging,
discuss the need for increased rest periods during exercise, pt may become anxious when
working harder to breathe.
,Important aspects to assess in respiratory system hx - Answers -smoking hx
-childhood illnesses: asthma, pneumonia, hay fever, allergies, eczema, croup, cystic fibrosis
-adult illnesses: Tb, HIV/AIDS, Dm, HTN, Heart disease, hospitalizations, surgeries, sleep
problems,
Patient Education with Smoking Cessation - Answers -list reasons you want to quit smoking
-set a date to stop smoking
-ask help from those around you
-remind self of why wanting to quit smoking
-avoid places that tempt you to smoke
-find activities to keep you busy
-list the reasons you are glad you quit
-if you have one think about the reason that caused you to light it
-think each day as an accomplishment
Gas exchange physiology - Answers first part is oxygen for tissue perfusion so that cells have
enough oxygen to metabolize and generate energy. second is removal of carbon dioxide and
waste products of metabolism.
Respiratory sys influences? - Answers Acid-base balance, speech, sense of smell, fluid balance,
and temperature.
fine crackles, rales - Answers popping, discontinuous sounds caused by air moving into
previously deflated airways, sounds like hair being rollled between fingers near the ear.
High pitched rales - Answers velcro sounds late in inspiration usually assosc with restrictive
disorders.
coarse crackles, low pitched crackles - Answers lower-pitched, coarse, rattling sounds caused
by fluid or secretions in large airways. likely to change with coughing or suctioning
Wheeze - Answers squeaky, musical, continuous sounds associated with air rushing through
narrowed airways, may be heard without a stethoschope. arise from small airways, usually do
not clear with a cough
Rhonchus/rhonchi - Answers lower pitched, coarse, continious snoring sounds, arise from the
large airways.
, Pleural Friction rub - Answers Loud, rough, grating, scratching sounds caused by the inflamed
surfaces of the pleura rubbing together, often associated with pain on deep inspirations, heard
in lateral lung fields.
Pernicious anemia - Answers Lack of intrinsic factor → impaired ability to absorb B12
body can not absorb it with out intrinsic factor in the stomach
hx of indigestion and stomach upset
Why will pills not work with Pernicious anemia? - Answers so pills will not work because there is
not enough intrinsic in the stomach to allow absorption
What hemat cond increases risk for gastric cancer? - Answers Pernicious anemia, related to low
h&h and something wrong with the stomach
Treatment of pernicious anemia? - Answers with injections, cyanacobalmin aka synthetic b12
Fever is risk for? - Answers Infection
Bruising can mean? - Answers Lack of clotting
Fatigue can be caused by? - Answers Anemia
Palor can mean? - Answers decreased RBS, anemia
nanda for decreased WBC - Answers risk for infection: care neutropenic precautions, gloves
gown mask, no fruits no flowers.
nanda for low h&h - Answers Risk for fatigue: balance rest and activity, cluster nursing
interventions, inadequate tissue perfusion, Risks for falls: fall precautions
nanda for platelet count - Answers risk for bleeding: monitor for bleeding, avoid electric razors,
rough tooth brushes, avoid IM inj
What the inflammation process of chronic diseases cause? - Answers hinder production of
RBCs. Disease examples are infections, DM, HF
anemia and kidney diseases - Answers erythropoietin, blood filtering through the kidneys get
told if more RBCs are needed and to release the production of more RBCs, People with kidney
disease are many times anemic because of this. More of an acute kidney disease.
aplastic anemia - Answers med side effects many times. Means with out growth. Pancytopenia
or low levels of all red blood cells due to toxins. May or may not be reversible.
medications used to treat anemia? - Answers iron. absorbed better with something acidic.
What medication used to treat anemia is at HIGH risk for anaphylaxis and a test does is required
