PSYC 365 Final Exam 2026 with 240 Practice
Questions and Correct Answers || LU PSYC 365
Psychological Foundations of Learning Practice Test
John's teacher gives him constructive criticism about how to improve the poem he
has just written. According to the textbook's discussion of social cognitive theory,
what effect is such criticism likely to have on John's self-efficacy for writing
poetry, and why? - ANSWER-It will probably enhance his self-efficacy, because
it communicates the message that he has the ability to write a good poem.
Bandura proposes that three of the following conditions are necessary for modeling
to occur. Which one is not necessary? - ANSWER-A relatively stress-free
environment
Which one of the following is the clearest example of a child working for an
incentive? - ANSWER-Doris is studying for a history test with the hope that she'll
get an A on it.
Two boys are fighting on school grounds. Fighting is against school rules, and the
boys know this. Even so, a teacher who sees them lets them continue to fight rather
than punishing them for doing so. From the perspective of social cognitive theory,
these boys will be: - ANSWER-More likely to fight in the future
Three of the following alternatives depict situations in which a teacher is
facilitating the retention component of modeling. Which one does not depict such a
situation? - ANSWER-Mr. Byers suggests, "Let's play some background music
while I show you how to use the dipstick to measure your oil level."
pg. 1
,Which one of the following statements best illustrates the concept of reciprocal
causation? - ANSWER-The environment alters behavior, but behavior alters the
environment as well.
Below are four situations in which a behavior is being imitated. Only one of them
can be explained from an operant conditioning perspective. Which one? -
ANSWER-Immediately after she watches her teacher demonstrate how to use a
microscope, Debbie uses it correctly and is praised by her teacher for doing so.
Ms. Jefferson promises her students special treats if they turn in their homework
assignments the next day. But the following day Ms. Jefferson forgets to bring the
treats she promised. From the perspective of social cognitive theory, what has just
happened to the students who turned in their homework assignments? -
ANSWER-They have been punished for doing so.
Should students ever be allowed to fail at classroom tasks? According to social
cognitive theorists, the answer is: - ANSWER-Yes. Occasional failures
interspersed among frequent successes teach students that perseverance pays off.
Which one of the following responses is most likely to be learned through classical
conditioning? - ANSWER-Feeling anxious around horses
Which one of the following is the best example of intrinsic reinforcement? -
ANSWER-Feeling good about your own generosity toward a less fortunate
classmate
At the beginning of the school year, Mr. Webber is concerned that Frances rarely
does her independent seatwork. He begins praising Fransces for each seatwork
assignment she completes, and by January she is completing her assignments
regularly. To make sure that the behavior continues in the years to come, what
pg. 2
,would behaviorists tell Mr. Webber to do now? - ANSWER-Praise her for only
some of her completed assignments
An avoidance behavior of a previously aversive situation is particularly different to
extinguish because: - ANSWER-The learner has no opportunity to learn that the
situation is not longer aversive.
A child who was once spanked for running into a busy street no longer runs into
the street. This can best be explained by which one of the following? - ANSWER-
Thorndike's original law of effect
Three of the following statements reflect contemporary perspectives of
instrumental conditioning and reinforcement. Which one does not? - ANSWER-
Punishment has a more pronounced effect on behavior than reinforcement does.
Mr. Smart tells his students that they can do whatever they want for the first ten
minutes of class but must then turn their attention to the day's assignment. The
students are delighted with their ten minutes of free time but they don't attend to
the assignment when it's time to do so. From an operant conditioning perspective,
what mistake has Mr. Smart made? - ANSWER-The "reinforcer" is presented
before the response.
At the dentist's office, Teresa has a painful experience that leaves her tense and
fearful. The next time her mother brings her to the dentist's office, Teresa begins to
get tense and anxious. In this situation, the dentist and dentist's office are _____;
Teresa's fear of pain is a(n) _______. - ANSWER-conditioned stimuli;
unconditioned response
The major advantage of using Bloom's taxonomy in developing objectives is that
the taxonomy: - ANSWER-Encourages educators to address higher-level skills as
well as factual knowledge
pg. 3
, In Mr. Medeiros's classroom, students are given play money each time they turn in
an assignment; they receive additional amounts of money if the assignment is
turned in on time and if it is done correctly. At the end of each week, students can
use their "money" to purchase special privileges (free time, field trips, etc.). Mr.
Medeiros' approach to teaching can best be characterized as: - ANSWER-a token
economy
If you wanted to encourage kindergartners to delay gratification, research indicates
that an effective strategy would be to: - ANSWER-Occasionally remind them that
they will get a bigger reward if they wait for an hour or two
An instructional objective that requires students to recite a definition exactly as it
has been presented is at the ______ level in Bloom's taxonomy. - ANSWER-
knowledge
Three of the following are recommended practices when using punishment to
reduce an inappropriate behavior. Which one is not recommended? - ANSWER-
Punish frequently to get the point across
"The student will correctly point to the location of all fifty states." This statement
is missing one of the three recommended components of behavioral objectives.
Which component is missing? - ANSWER-The conditions under which the
behavior should be exhibited
Which one of the following is an example of vicarious punishment? - ANSWER-
Connie sees her friend Maria scolded for chewing gum in class. She quickly takes
her own gum out of her mouth.
Which one of the following statements is most accurate regarding theories of
learning? - ANSWER-They are often modified as new data emerge.
pg. 4
Questions and Correct Answers || LU PSYC 365
Psychological Foundations of Learning Practice Test
John's teacher gives him constructive criticism about how to improve the poem he
has just written. According to the textbook's discussion of social cognitive theory,
what effect is such criticism likely to have on John's self-efficacy for writing
poetry, and why? - ANSWER-It will probably enhance his self-efficacy, because
it communicates the message that he has the ability to write a good poem.
Bandura proposes that three of the following conditions are necessary for modeling
to occur. Which one is not necessary? - ANSWER-A relatively stress-free
environment
Which one of the following is the clearest example of a child working for an
incentive? - ANSWER-Doris is studying for a history test with the hope that she'll
get an A on it.
Two boys are fighting on school grounds. Fighting is against school rules, and the
boys know this. Even so, a teacher who sees them lets them continue to fight rather
than punishing them for doing so. From the perspective of social cognitive theory,
these boys will be: - ANSWER-More likely to fight in the future
Three of the following alternatives depict situations in which a teacher is
facilitating the retention component of modeling. Which one does not depict such a
situation? - ANSWER-Mr. Byers suggests, "Let's play some background music
while I show you how to use the dipstick to measure your oil level."
pg. 1
,Which one of the following statements best illustrates the concept of reciprocal
causation? - ANSWER-The environment alters behavior, but behavior alters the
environment as well.
Below are four situations in which a behavior is being imitated. Only one of them
can be explained from an operant conditioning perspective. Which one? -
ANSWER-Immediately after she watches her teacher demonstrate how to use a
microscope, Debbie uses it correctly and is praised by her teacher for doing so.
Ms. Jefferson promises her students special treats if they turn in their homework
assignments the next day. But the following day Ms. Jefferson forgets to bring the
treats she promised. From the perspective of social cognitive theory, what has just
happened to the students who turned in their homework assignments? -
ANSWER-They have been punished for doing so.
Should students ever be allowed to fail at classroom tasks? According to social
cognitive theorists, the answer is: - ANSWER-Yes. Occasional failures
interspersed among frequent successes teach students that perseverance pays off.
Which one of the following responses is most likely to be learned through classical
conditioning? - ANSWER-Feeling anxious around horses
Which one of the following is the best example of intrinsic reinforcement? -
ANSWER-Feeling good about your own generosity toward a less fortunate
classmate
At the beginning of the school year, Mr. Webber is concerned that Frances rarely
does her independent seatwork. He begins praising Fransces for each seatwork
assignment she completes, and by January she is completing her assignments
regularly. To make sure that the behavior continues in the years to come, what
pg. 2
,would behaviorists tell Mr. Webber to do now? - ANSWER-Praise her for only
some of her completed assignments
An avoidance behavior of a previously aversive situation is particularly different to
extinguish because: - ANSWER-The learner has no opportunity to learn that the
situation is not longer aversive.
A child who was once spanked for running into a busy street no longer runs into
the street. This can best be explained by which one of the following? - ANSWER-
Thorndike's original law of effect
Three of the following statements reflect contemporary perspectives of
instrumental conditioning and reinforcement. Which one does not? - ANSWER-
Punishment has a more pronounced effect on behavior than reinforcement does.
Mr. Smart tells his students that they can do whatever they want for the first ten
minutes of class but must then turn their attention to the day's assignment. The
students are delighted with their ten minutes of free time but they don't attend to
the assignment when it's time to do so. From an operant conditioning perspective,
what mistake has Mr. Smart made? - ANSWER-The "reinforcer" is presented
before the response.
At the dentist's office, Teresa has a painful experience that leaves her tense and
fearful. The next time her mother brings her to the dentist's office, Teresa begins to
get tense and anxious. In this situation, the dentist and dentist's office are _____;
Teresa's fear of pain is a(n) _______. - ANSWER-conditioned stimuli;
unconditioned response
The major advantage of using Bloom's taxonomy in developing objectives is that
the taxonomy: - ANSWER-Encourages educators to address higher-level skills as
well as factual knowledge
pg. 3
, In Mr. Medeiros's classroom, students are given play money each time they turn in
an assignment; they receive additional amounts of money if the assignment is
turned in on time and if it is done correctly. At the end of each week, students can
use their "money" to purchase special privileges (free time, field trips, etc.). Mr.
Medeiros' approach to teaching can best be characterized as: - ANSWER-a token
economy
If you wanted to encourage kindergartners to delay gratification, research indicates
that an effective strategy would be to: - ANSWER-Occasionally remind them that
they will get a bigger reward if they wait for an hour or two
An instructional objective that requires students to recite a definition exactly as it
has been presented is at the ______ level in Bloom's taxonomy. - ANSWER-
knowledge
Three of the following are recommended practices when using punishment to
reduce an inappropriate behavior. Which one is not recommended? - ANSWER-
Punish frequently to get the point across
"The student will correctly point to the location of all fifty states." This statement
is missing one of the three recommended components of behavioral objectives.
Which component is missing? - ANSWER-The conditions under which the
behavior should be exhibited
Which one of the following is an example of vicarious punishment? - ANSWER-
Connie sees her friend Maria scolded for chewing gum in class. She quickly takes
her own gum out of her mouth.
Which one of the following statements is most accurate regarding theories of
learning? - ANSWER-They are often modified as new data emerge.
pg. 4
