Biochemistry Final EXAM 2026
Questions and Answers
What is a monosaccharide? - Correct answer-The most basic units of
carbohydrates. Made of 1 aldehyde and 1 ketone. They are the simplest form of
sugar and are usually colorless, water-soluble, crystalline solids. Some
monosaccharides have a sweet taste. Examples of monosaccharides include
glucose (dextrose), fructose (levulose) and galactose
Nature uses the D or L form of carbohydrates - Correct answer-D
The two kinds of monosaccharides are - Correct answer-Aldoses, Ketoses
The bonds between carbohydrate monomers are called - Correct answer-Glycosidic
Starches are polymers made exclusively from - Correct answer-Glucose
The difference between amylose and amylopectin are - Correct answer-The
structure (branched vs linear)
Dietary fiber is - Correct answer-Complex Carbohydrates
Cellulose
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,Divided into soluble and insoluble
In the 2-compartment model for water in the body, water partitions into - Correct
answer-Intracellular and extracellular
In the 3 compartment model for water in the body, the__________ compartment is
further divided into interstitial and plasma compartments - Correct answer-
extracellular
Fluid in the blood is classified specifically as _________ fluid - Correct answer-
extracellular
In an ideally balanced human system water inputs would equal - Correct answer-
Water outputs
An electrolyte is
a) sugar
b. fat
c. charged molecule
d water - Correct answer-charged molecule
______________ ions account for nearly 90% of the positively charged ions found
in extracellular fluid - Correct answer-Sodium
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, The hormone aldosterone regulates the concentrations of _______ and ________
in the body. - Correct answer-Potassium ions and sodium ions
_______ is the most common extracelluar cation, while _________ is the most
abundant intracellular cation. - Correct answer-Sodium, potassium
The three most important buffer systems in body fluids include the bicarbonate
buffer system, the ____ buffer system and the protein buffer system. - Correct
answer-Phosphate
How is it possible for the rate and depth of breathing to affect hydrogen ion
concentrations in body fluids? - Correct answer-The rate and depth of breathing
does not alter hydrogen ion concentration in body fluids.
What is the normal pH of the blood? - Correct answer-7.35-7.45
What is the most significant plasma buffer? - Correct answer-bicarbonate
Which of these is not a consequence of vomiting?
a. dehydration
b. metabolic acidosis
c. respiratory alkalosis
d. metabolic alkalosis - Correct answer-c. respiratory alkalosis
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Questions and Answers
What is a monosaccharide? - Correct answer-The most basic units of
carbohydrates. Made of 1 aldehyde and 1 ketone. They are the simplest form of
sugar and are usually colorless, water-soluble, crystalline solids. Some
monosaccharides have a sweet taste. Examples of monosaccharides include
glucose (dextrose), fructose (levulose) and galactose
Nature uses the D or L form of carbohydrates - Correct answer-D
The two kinds of monosaccharides are - Correct answer-Aldoses, Ketoses
The bonds between carbohydrate monomers are called - Correct answer-Glycosidic
Starches are polymers made exclusively from - Correct answer-Glucose
The difference between amylose and amylopectin are - Correct answer-The
structure (branched vs linear)
Dietary fiber is - Correct answer-Complex Carbohydrates
Cellulose
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,Divided into soluble and insoluble
In the 2-compartment model for water in the body, water partitions into - Correct
answer-Intracellular and extracellular
In the 3 compartment model for water in the body, the__________ compartment is
further divided into interstitial and plasma compartments - Correct answer-
extracellular
Fluid in the blood is classified specifically as _________ fluid - Correct answer-
extracellular
In an ideally balanced human system water inputs would equal - Correct answer-
Water outputs
An electrolyte is
a) sugar
b. fat
c. charged molecule
d water - Correct answer-charged molecule
______________ ions account for nearly 90% of the positively charged ions found
in extracellular fluid - Correct answer-Sodium
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
, The hormone aldosterone regulates the concentrations of _______ and ________
in the body. - Correct answer-Potassium ions and sodium ions
_______ is the most common extracelluar cation, while _________ is the most
abundant intracellular cation. - Correct answer-Sodium, potassium
The three most important buffer systems in body fluids include the bicarbonate
buffer system, the ____ buffer system and the protein buffer system. - Correct
answer-Phosphate
How is it possible for the rate and depth of breathing to affect hydrogen ion
concentrations in body fluids? - Correct answer-The rate and depth of breathing
does not alter hydrogen ion concentration in body fluids.
What is the normal pH of the blood? - Correct answer-7.35-7.45
What is the most significant plasma buffer? - Correct answer-bicarbonate
Which of these is not a consequence of vomiting?
a. dehydration
b. metabolic acidosis
c. respiratory alkalosis
d. metabolic alkalosis - Correct answer-c. respiratory alkalosis
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
