Mara 416 Test 2 Questions and Correct Answers

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Mara 416 Test 2 Questions and Correct
Answers
Three entities involved with port organization: Ans: 1. LAND
PROPERTY OWNER, TRADER, ORDEVELOPER

2. INVESTOR IN EITHER INFRASTRUCTURE,SUPERSTRUCTURE, OR
BOTH

3. OPERATOR, MANAGER OR PROVIDER OF PART ORALL SERVICES
TO SHIPS AND CARGO

INFRASTRUCTURE: Ans: paved terminal with deepwater access

SUPERSTRUCTURE: Ans: cranes, cargo handling equipment, sheds
and warehouses

STEVEDORING: Ans: cargo handling, workforce

PORT AUTHORITY: Ans: governmental body with legal status to
manage the port (according to laws of the nation, state, city, etc.)

Historically ports were regarded as: Ans: -Natural monopolies,
that were owned and operated by public entities




- Public ownership = political control + regulation

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Ports nowadays: Ans: -ports compete in a global space

- strong tend of privatization

Landlord port type Ans: -Port authority owns infrastructure

- private sector owns superstructure and stevedoring

- galveston

Tool port type Ans: -Port authority owns infrastructure and
superstructure

-private sector owns stevedoring

service port type Ans: - port authority owns infrastructure ,
superstructure and stevedoring

Important elements in selecting a type of port Ans: COST -
Competitive costs and low freight rates

SERVICE - Reliable, fast communications, high number of sailings,
low congestion

CONNECTIVITY - Road and rail access with good intermodal links

China's Belt and Road Initiative Ans: -belt: land

-road: sea routes


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