NURS 4350 FINAL EXAM 2025-2026
STUDY GUIDE ORGANIZED QUESTIONS
,STEP BY STEP EXPLANATIONS AND
REVIEW GUIDE ALREADY GRADED A+
AND 100% GUARANTEE PASS (LATEST
VERSION !!!!!!!)
How are the basic vent settings such as Vt (tidal volume)
determined? - THE CORRECT ANSWER-6 mL/kg of ideal body weight
(MUST KNOW)
Average about 450 ml
Lower if decreased lung compliance
How deep the breaths are
If the patient's CO2 is high, increase respiration rate not tidal
volume
How is respiratory rate on vent determined? - THE CORRECT
ANSWER-Adjusted to maintain pH, PaCO2
How is FiO2 determined on the ventilator? - THE CORRECT ANSWER-
Adjusted between .21 - 1.0 based on PaO2
(button on vent allows: delivery of 100% O2 for 2 minutes)
,Delivered with humidity
How does the nurse check for proper ET tube placement? - THE
CORRECT ANSWER-CXR is gold standard
Auscultation
Aspirate tube
Chest movement
CO2 detector on tube: if it changes color to yellow, placement is
correct
Condensation
P-F ratio - THE CORRECT ANSWER-PaO2/FiO2
for ARDS
room is is 21% FiO2
<200 meets ARDS criteria
How often should patients be suctioned? - THE CORRECT ANSWER-
PRN
Indications: coarse crackles over trachea, coughing, visible
secretions, decreased oxygen saturation, ARDS
What is pressure support? - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Preset positive
pressure used to augment patient's inspiratory efforts; patient
controls rate, inspiratory flow, and tidal volume
Patient receives a boost of pressure with each breath
,PEEP - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Positive pressure is applied at the end
of the expiration of ventilator breaths.
Prevents collapse of small airways, keeps alveoli open, increases
oxygenation
can increase PaO2 without having to change the patient's vent
settings
standard is 5 but it can be increased
What is PEEP? Identify 2 complications of PEEP. - THE CORRECT
ANSWER-low CO (decreased venous return), barotrauma
How do we assess readiness for weaning from the ventilator? -
THE CORRECT ANSWER-Afebrile
Breathing over the ventilator
Off vasopressors
H/H satisfactory
Stable cardiac rhythm
ABGs labs are ok on <50% FiO2
Minimal secretions
RR <25, NIF < -20 (NIF- shows whether or not pt has good
breathing in drive)
, Spontaneous tidal volume > 5mL/kg
Follows commands (mental status)
Sedation vacation
Describe the most common weaning method. - THE CORRECT
ANSWER-Spontaneous breathing trials with pressure support
Method 1: Remove patient from ventilator, place on T-piece
oxygen delivery system via ETT or trach tube, and have patient
breathe
Method 2: leave the patient on ventilator and d/c breaths, may
add CPAP or PS (slowly lowering settings)
What drug is used for acute respiratory distress due to
bronchospasm (like COPD)? - THE CORRECT ANSWER-
Bronchodilator: albuterol (short-acting)
ABG Low PaO2 vent changes - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Increase FiO2
with PEEP if needed
Rescue breathing
ABG High PaCO2 vent changes - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Increase RR
and tidal volume
ABG Low PaCO2 vent changes - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Decrease RR
and tidal volume
STUDY GUIDE ORGANIZED QUESTIONS
,STEP BY STEP EXPLANATIONS AND
REVIEW GUIDE ALREADY GRADED A+
AND 100% GUARANTEE PASS (LATEST
VERSION !!!!!!!)
How are the basic vent settings such as Vt (tidal volume)
determined? - THE CORRECT ANSWER-6 mL/kg of ideal body weight
(MUST KNOW)
Average about 450 ml
Lower if decreased lung compliance
How deep the breaths are
If the patient's CO2 is high, increase respiration rate not tidal
volume
How is respiratory rate on vent determined? - THE CORRECT
ANSWER-Adjusted to maintain pH, PaCO2
How is FiO2 determined on the ventilator? - THE CORRECT ANSWER-
Adjusted between .21 - 1.0 based on PaO2
(button on vent allows: delivery of 100% O2 for 2 minutes)
,Delivered with humidity
How does the nurse check for proper ET tube placement? - THE
CORRECT ANSWER-CXR is gold standard
Auscultation
Aspirate tube
Chest movement
CO2 detector on tube: if it changes color to yellow, placement is
correct
Condensation
P-F ratio - THE CORRECT ANSWER-PaO2/FiO2
for ARDS
room is is 21% FiO2
<200 meets ARDS criteria
How often should patients be suctioned? - THE CORRECT ANSWER-
PRN
Indications: coarse crackles over trachea, coughing, visible
secretions, decreased oxygen saturation, ARDS
What is pressure support? - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Preset positive
pressure used to augment patient's inspiratory efforts; patient
controls rate, inspiratory flow, and tidal volume
Patient receives a boost of pressure with each breath
,PEEP - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Positive pressure is applied at the end
of the expiration of ventilator breaths.
Prevents collapse of small airways, keeps alveoli open, increases
oxygenation
can increase PaO2 without having to change the patient's vent
settings
standard is 5 but it can be increased
What is PEEP? Identify 2 complications of PEEP. - THE CORRECT
ANSWER-low CO (decreased venous return), barotrauma
How do we assess readiness for weaning from the ventilator? -
THE CORRECT ANSWER-Afebrile
Breathing over the ventilator
Off vasopressors
H/H satisfactory
Stable cardiac rhythm
ABGs labs are ok on <50% FiO2
Minimal secretions
RR <25, NIF < -20 (NIF- shows whether or not pt has good
breathing in drive)
, Spontaneous tidal volume > 5mL/kg
Follows commands (mental status)
Sedation vacation
Describe the most common weaning method. - THE CORRECT
ANSWER-Spontaneous breathing trials with pressure support
Method 1: Remove patient from ventilator, place on T-piece
oxygen delivery system via ETT or trach tube, and have patient
breathe
Method 2: leave the patient on ventilator and d/c breaths, may
add CPAP or PS (slowly lowering settings)
What drug is used for acute respiratory distress due to
bronchospasm (like COPD)? - THE CORRECT ANSWER-
Bronchodilator: albuterol (short-acting)
ABG Low PaO2 vent changes - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Increase FiO2
with PEEP if needed
Rescue breathing
ABG High PaCO2 vent changes - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Increase RR
and tidal volume
ABG Low PaCO2 vent changes - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Decrease RR
and tidal volume
