TEST BANK p3
Cellular and Molecular Immunology
p3 p3 p3
Abul Abbas, Andrew Lichtman, and Shiv Pillai
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
10th Edition
p3
,Table of Contents
p3 p3
Chapter 01 Properties and Overview of Immune Responses
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 1
Chapter 02 Cells and Tissues of the Immune System
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 3
Chapter 03 Leukocyte Circulation and Migration Into Tissues
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 6
Chapter 04 Innate Immunity
p3 p3 p3 10
Chapter 05 Antibodies and Antigens
p3 p3 p3 p3 17
Chapter 06 Antigen Presentation to T Lymphocytes and the Functions of Major
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
Histocompatibility Complex Molecules p3 p3 20
Chapter 07 Immune Receptors and Signal Transduction
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 27
Chapter 08 Lymphocyte Development and Antigen Receptor Gene Rearrangement
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 30
Chapter 09 Activation of T Lymphocytes
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 34
Chapter 10 Differentiation and Functions of CD4+ Effector T Cells
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 38
Chapter 11 Differentiation and Functions of CD8+ Effector T Cells
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 42
Chapter 12 B Cell Activation and Antibody Production
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 46
Chapter 13 Effector Mechanisms of Humoral Immunity
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 52
Chapter 14 Specialized Immunity at Epithelial Barriers and in Immune Privileged Tissues
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 56
Chapter 15 Immunologic Tolerance and Autoimmunity
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 62
Chapter 16 Immunity to Microbes
p3 p3 p3 p3 67
Chapter 17 Transplantation Immunology
p3 p3 p3 72
Chapter 18 Tumor Immunology
p3 p3 p3 77
Chapter 19 Hypersensitivity Disorders
p3 p3 p3 81
Chapter 20 Allergy
p3 p3 86
Chapter 21 Primary and Acquired Immunodeficiencies
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 89
,Chapter 01: Properties and Overview of Immune Responses
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
Abbas, Lichtman, and Pillai: Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 10th Edition
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
MULTIPLE CHOICE p3
1. The principal function of the immune system is:
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
a. Defense against cancer p3 p3
b. Repair of injured tissues p3 p3 p3
c. Defense against microbial infections p3 p3 p3
d. Prevention of inflammatory diseases p3 p3 p3
e. Protection against environmental toxins p3 p3 p3
ANS: C p 3
The immune system has evolved in the setting of selective pressures imposed by
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
microbial infections. Although immune responses to cancer may occur, the concept that
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
―immunosurveillance‖ against cancer is a principal function of the immune system is
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
controversial. Repair of injured tissues may be a secondary consequence of the immune
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
responses and inflammation. Although the immune system has regulatory features that
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
are needed to prevent excessive inflammation, prevention of inflammatory diseases is
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
not a primary function. The immune system can protect against microbial toxins, but it
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
generally does not offer protection against toxins of nonbiologic origin.
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
2. Which of the following infectious diseases was prevented by the first successful
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
vaccination?
p3
a. Polio
b. Tuberculosis
c. Smallpox
d. Tetanus
e. Rubella
ANS: C p 3
In 1798, Edward Jenner reported the first intentional successful vaccination, which was
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
against smallpox in a boy, using material from the cowpox pustules of a milkmaid. In
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
1980, smallpox was reported to be eradicated worldwide by a vaccination program.
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
Effective vaccines against tetanus toxin, rubella virus, and poliovirus were developed in
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
the 20th century and are widely used. There is no effective vaccine against
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
p3 p3
3. Which of the following is a unique property of the adaptive immune system?
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
a. Highly diverse repertoire of specificities for antigens
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
b. Self-nonself discrimination p3
c. Recognition of microbial structures by both cell-associated and soluble receptors p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
d. Protection against viral infections p3 p3 p3
e. Responses that have the same kinetics and magnitude on repeated exposure to the
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
same microbe p3 p3
ANS: p 3 A
, Highly diverse repertoires of specificities for antigens are found only in T and B
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
lymphocytes, which are the central cellular components of the adaptive immune system.
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
Both the innate and the adaptive immune systems use cell-associated and soluble receptors
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
to recognize microbes, display some degree of self-nonself discrimination, and protect
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
against viruses. On repeated exposure to the same microbe, the adaptive immune
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
response becomes more rapid and of greater magnitude; this is the manifestation of
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
memory.
p3
4. Antibodies and T lymphocytes are the respective mediators of which two types of
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
immunity?
p3
a. Innate and adaptive p3 p3
b. Passive and active p3 p3
c. Specific and nonspecific p3 p3
d. Humoral and cell-mediated p3 p3
e. Adult and neonatal p3 p3
ANS: D p 3
Both B and T lymphocytes are principal components of adaptive immunity. B
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
lymphocytes produce antibodies, which are the recognition and effector molecules of
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
humoral immune responses to extracellular pathogens. T cells recognize and promote
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
eradication of intracellular pathogens in cell-mediated immunity. Passive and active
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
immunity both can be mediated by either B or T lymphocytes. Specific immunity is
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
another term for adaptive immunity. Both B and T lymphocytes participate in adult
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
adaptive immunity but are still developing in the neonatal period.
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
5. The two major functional classes of effector T lymphocytes are:
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
a. Helper T lymphocytes and cytotoxic T lymphocytes p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
b. Natural killer cells and cytoWtoWxW
ic.TTlB
yS
mMph.oW
cyStes p3 p3 p3 p3
c. Memory T cells and effector T cells p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
d. Helper cells and antigen-presenting cells p3 p3 p3 p3
e. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes and target cells p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
ANS: A p 3
T cells can be classified into effector subsets that perform different effector functions. Most
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
effector T cells are either helper T lymphocytes, which enhance the responses of other
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
immune cells, including phagocytes and B cells, to infections, or cytotoxic T
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
lymphocytes, which directly kill infected cells. Natural killer cells are not T
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
lymphocytes.
p3
Antigen-presenting cells usually are not T cells. Memory T cells are not effector T cells. p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
6. Which of the following cell types is required for all adaptive humoral immune responses?
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
a. Natural killer cells p3 p3
b. Dendritic cells p3
c. Cytolytic T lymphocytes p3 p3
d. B lymphocytes p3
e. Helper T lymphocytes p3 p3
ANS: D p 3
Humoral immune responses are antibody-mediated immune responses, and all antibodies
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
are made by B lymphocytes and no other cell type.
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
Cellular and Molecular Immunology
p3 p3 p3
Abul Abbas, Andrew Lichtman, and Shiv Pillai
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
10th Edition
p3
,Table of Contents
p3 p3
Chapter 01 Properties and Overview of Immune Responses
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 1
Chapter 02 Cells and Tissues of the Immune System
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 3
Chapter 03 Leukocyte Circulation and Migration Into Tissues
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 6
Chapter 04 Innate Immunity
p3 p3 p3 10
Chapter 05 Antibodies and Antigens
p3 p3 p3 p3 17
Chapter 06 Antigen Presentation to T Lymphocytes and the Functions of Major
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
Histocompatibility Complex Molecules p3 p3 20
Chapter 07 Immune Receptors and Signal Transduction
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 27
Chapter 08 Lymphocyte Development and Antigen Receptor Gene Rearrangement
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 30
Chapter 09 Activation of T Lymphocytes
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 34
Chapter 10 Differentiation and Functions of CD4+ Effector T Cells
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 38
Chapter 11 Differentiation and Functions of CD8+ Effector T Cells
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 42
Chapter 12 B Cell Activation and Antibody Production
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 46
Chapter 13 Effector Mechanisms of Humoral Immunity
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 52
Chapter 14 Specialized Immunity at Epithelial Barriers and in Immune Privileged Tissues
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 56
Chapter 15 Immunologic Tolerance and Autoimmunity
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 62
Chapter 16 Immunity to Microbes
p3 p3 p3 p3 67
Chapter 17 Transplantation Immunology
p3 p3 p3 72
Chapter 18 Tumor Immunology
p3 p3 p3 77
Chapter 19 Hypersensitivity Disorders
p3 p3 p3 81
Chapter 20 Allergy
p3 p3 86
Chapter 21 Primary and Acquired Immunodeficiencies
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 89
,Chapter 01: Properties and Overview of Immune Responses
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
Abbas, Lichtman, and Pillai: Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 10th Edition
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
MULTIPLE CHOICE p3
1. The principal function of the immune system is:
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
a. Defense against cancer p3 p3
b. Repair of injured tissues p3 p3 p3
c. Defense against microbial infections p3 p3 p3
d. Prevention of inflammatory diseases p3 p3 p3
e. Protection against environmental toxins p3 p3 p3
ANS: C p 3
The immune system has evolved in the setting of selective pressures imposed by
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
microbial infections. Although immune responses to cancer may occur, the concept that
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
―immunosurveillance‖ against cancer is a principal function of the immune system is
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
controversial. Repair of injured tissues may be a secondary consequence of the immune
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
responses and inflammation. Although the immune system has regulatory features that
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
are needed to prevent excessive inflammation, prevention of inflammatory diseases is
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
not a primary function. The immune system can protect against microbial toxins, but it
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
generally does not offer protection against toxins of nonbiologic origin.
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
2. Which of the following infectious diseases was prevented by the first successful
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
vaccination?
p3
a. Polio
b. Tuberculosis
c. Smallpox
d. Tetanus
e. Rubella
ANS: C p 3
In 1798, Edward Jenner reported the first intentional successful vaccination, which was
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
against smallpox in a boy, using material from the cowpox pustules of a milkmaid. In
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
1980, smallpox was reported to be eradicated worldwide by a vaccination program.
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
Effective vaccines against tetanus toxin, rubella virus, and poliovirus were developed in
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
the 20th century and are widely used. There is no effective vaccine against
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
p3 p3
3. Which of the following is a unique property of the adaptive immune system?
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
a. Highly diverse repertoire of specificities for antigens
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
b. Self-nonself discrimination p3
c. Recognition of microbial structures by both cell-associated and soluble receptors p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
d. Protection against viral infections p3 p3 p3
e. Responses that have the same kinetics and magnitude on repeated exposure to the
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
same microbe p3 p3
ANS: p 3 A
, Highly diverse repertoires of specificities for antigens are found only in T and B
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
lymphocytes, which are the central cellular components of the adaptive immune system.
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
Both the innate and the adaptive immune systems use cell-associated and soluble receptors
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
to recognize microbes, display some degree of self-nonself discrimination, and protect
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
against viruses. On repeated exposure to the same microbe, the adaptive immune
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
response becomes more rapid and of greater magnitude; this is the manifestation of
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
memory.
p3
4. Antibodies and T lymphocytes are the respective mediators of which two types of
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
immunity?
p3
a. Innate and adaptive p3 p3
b. Passive and active p3 p3
c. Specific and nonspecific p3 p3
d. Humoral and cell-mediated p3 p3
e. Adult and neonatal p3 p3
ANS: D p 3
Both B and T lymphocytes are principal components of adaptive immunity. B
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
lymphocytes produce antibodies, which are the recognition and effector molecules of
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
humoral immune responses to extracellular pathogens. T cells recognize and promote
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
eradication of intracellular pathogens in cell-mediated immunity. Passive and active
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
immunity both can be mediated by either B or T lymphocytes. Specific immunity is
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
another term for adaptive immunity. Both B and T lymphocytes participate in adult
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
adaptive immunity but are still developing in the neonatal period.
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
5. The two major functional classes of effector T lymphocytes are:
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
a. Helper T lymphocytes and cytotoxic T lymphocytes p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
b. Natural killer cells and cytoWtoWxW
ic.TTlB
yS
mMph.oW
cyStes p3 p3 p3 p3
c. Memory T cells and effector T cells p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
d. Helper cells and antigen-presenting cells p3 p3 p3 p3
e. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes and target cells p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
ANS: A p 3
T cells can be classified into effector subsets that perform different effector functions. Most
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
effector T cells are either helper T lymphocytes, which enhance the responses of other
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
immune cells, including phagocytes and B cells, to infections, or cytotoxic T
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
lymphocytes, which directly kill infected cells. Natural killer cells are not T
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
lymphocytes.
p3
Antigen-presenting cells usually are not T cells. Memory T cells are not effector T cells. p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
6. Which of the following cell types is required for all adaptive humoral immune responses?
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
a. Natural killer cells p3 p3
b. Dendritic cells p3
c. Cytolytic T lymphocytes p3 p3
d. B lymphocytes p3
e. Helper T lymphocytes p3 p3
ANS: D p 3
Humoral immune responses are antibody-mediated immune responses, and all antibodies
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
are made by B lymphocytes and no other cell type.
p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3 p3
