38
Chapter 06: Infection
VanMeter and Hubert: Gould’s Pathophysiology for the Health Professions, 7th
Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Bacteria that form an irregular cluster of spheres are called
a. bacilli.
b. diplococci.
c. staphylococci.
d. streptococci.
ANS> C
2. A strict anaerobe requires which specific environment?
a. A dry environment
b. An acidic medium
c. Air at a temperature less than 61°F/16°C
d. The absence of oxygen
ANS> D
3. The presence of the bacterial capsule
a. aids in the release of endotoxins.
b. protects the microbe from phagocytosis.
c. increases the release of toxins and enzymes.
d. prevents replication of the bacterium.
ANS> B
4. Microbial mutation means that
a. genetic information has changed.
b. pathogens become nonpathogens.
c. the microbe survives adverse conditions but can no longer replicate.
d. the immune response to that microbe is strengthened.
ANS> A
5. A bacterial endospore can
a. also be classified as an acid-fast bacterium.
b. exist in latent form inside a host cell.
c. reproduce very rapidly.
d. survive high temperatures and a dry environment.
ANS> D
6. The structure of a virus includes
a. a cell wall and membrane.
b. metabolic enzymes for replication.
c. a protein coat and either DNA or RNA.
d. a slime capsule and cilia.
, 39
ANS> C
7. What method do viruses use to replicate?
a. Binary fission
b. Budding of a daughter cell from the parent viral cell
c. Producing reproductive spores
d. Using a host cell to produce and assemble components
ANS> D
8. A retrovirus such as HIV contains
a. RNA and enzymes for its conversion.
b. a double strand of DNA.
c. many enzymes to limit budding of new virions.
d. numerous mitochondria.
ANS> A
9. How do antiviral drugs act?
a. They interfere with cell wall development.
b. They decrease cell membrane permeability.
c. They destroy new, immature viral particles.
d. They reduce the rate of viral replication.
ANS> D
10. Which statement applies to yeasts?
a. They are usually considered to be pathogenic.
b. They seldom contain a distinct nucleus.
c. They may cause opportunistic infection in the body.
d. They are normally not found in large numbers in resident flora.
ANS> C
11. Fungi reproduce by
1. budding.
2. extension of hyphae.
3. binary fission.
4. production of spores.
a. 1, 2
b. 2, 4
c. 1, 2, 4
d. 2, 3, 4
ANS> C
12. Which of the following is NOT classified as a protozoan agent of disease?
a. Plasmodium vivax
b. Trichomonas vaginalis
c. Tinea pedis
d. Entamoeba histolytica
, 40
ANS> C
13. Which of the following is a characteristic of rickettsia?
a. It is a very small gram-negative intracellular microbe.
b. It exists in three forms.
c. It causes sexually transmitted disease.
d. It reproduces by budding.
ANS> A
14. Entamoeba histolytica is transmitted by which of the following?
a. Mosquitoes (bites)
b. Inhaling contaminated particles
c. Sexual intercourse
d. Cysts in feces
ANS> D
15. Which of the following is a characteristic of resident or normal flora (microflora)?
a. It exists in all areas of the body.
b. Different species inhabit various areas of the body.
c. It is of no benefit to the human host.
d. It consists only of bacteria.
ANS> B
16. Which of the following is normally considered sterile?
a. Urine
b. Pharynx
c. Distal urethra
d. Vagina
ANS> A
17. The term nosocomial infection means
a. transmission involves an insect or animal host.
b. acquired in a hospital or medical facility.
c. transmitted by a fomite.
d. spread by direct contact with secretions from an open lesion.
ANS> B
18. Transmission of microbes by direct contact includes
a. touching a contaminated countertop.
b. sexual intercourse.
c. drinking contaminated water.
d. inhaling dust-borne microbes.
ANS> B
19. What does the term carrier mean?
a. A person with active infection who acts as a reservoir for microbes
b. Animals, insects, objects, or surfaces contaminated by pathogens
Chapter 06: Infection
VanMeter and Hubert: Gould’s Pathophysiology for the Health Professions, 7th
Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Bacteria that form an irregular cluster of spheres are called
a. bacilli.
b. diplococci.
c. staphylococci.
d. streptococci.
ANS> C
2. A strict anaerobe requires which specific environment?
a. A dry environment
b. An acidic medium
c. Air at a temperature less than 61°F/16°C
d. The absence of oxygen
ANS> D
3. The presence of the bacterial capsule
a. aids in the release of endotoxins.
b. protects the microbe from phagocytosis.
c. increases the release of toxins and enzymes.
d. prevents replication of the bacterium.
ANS> B
4. Microbial mutation means that
a. genetic information has changed.
b. pathogens become nonpathogens.
c. the microbe survives adverse conditions but can no longer replicate.
d. the immune response to that microbe is strengthened.
ANS> A
5. A bacterial endospore can
a. also be classified as an acid-fast bacterium.
b. exist in latent form inside a host cell.
c. reproduce very rapidly.
d. survive high temperatures and a dry environment.
ANS> D
6. The structure of a virus includes
a. a cell wall and membrane.
b. metabolic enzymes for replication.
c. a protein coat and either DNA or RNA.
d. a slime capsule and cilia.
, 39
ANS> C
7. What method do viruses use to replicate?
a. Binary fission
b. Budding of a daughter cell from the parent viral cell
c. Producing reproductive spores
d. Using a host cell to produce and assemble components
ANS> D
8. A retrovirus such as HIV contains
a. RNA and enzymes for its conversion.
b. a double strand of DNA.
c. many enzymes to limit budding of new virions.
d. numerous mitochondria.
ANS> A
9. How do antiviral drugs act?
a. They interfere with cell wall development.
b. They decrease cell membrane permeability.
c. They destroy new, immature viral particles.
d. They reduce the rate of viral replication.
ANS> D
10. Which statement applies to yeasts?
a. They are usually considered to be pathogenic.
b. They seldom contain a distinct nucleus.
c. They may cause opportunistic infection in the body.
d. They are normally not found in large numbers in resident flora.
ANS> C
11. Fungi reproduce by
1. budding.
2. extension of hyphae.
3. binary fission.
4. production of spores.
a. 1, 2
b. 2, 4
c. 1, 2, 4
d. 2, 3, 4
ANS> C
12. Which of the following is NOT classified as a protozoan agent of disease?
a. Plasmodium vivax
b. Trichomonas vaginalis
c. Tinea pedis
d. Entamoeba histolytica
, 40
ANS> C
13. Which of the following is a characteristic of rickettsia?
a. It is a very small gram-negative intracellular microbe.
b. It exists in three forms.
c. It causes sexually transmitted disease.
d. It reproduces by budding.
ANS> A
14. Entamoeba histolytica is transmitted by which of the following?
a. Mosquitoes (bites)
b. Inhaling contaminated particles
c. Sexual intercourse
d. Cysts in feces
ANS> D
15. Which of the following is a characteristic of resident or normal flora (microflora)?
a. It exists in all areas of the body.
b. Different species inhabit various areas of the body.
c. It is of no benefit to the human host.
d. It consists only of bacteria.
ANS> B
16. Which of the following is normally considered sterile?
a. Urine
b. Pharynx
c. Distal urethra
d. Vagina
ANS> A
17. The term nosocomial infection means
a. transmission involves an insect or animal host.
b. acquired in a hospital or medical facility.
c. transmitted by a fomite.
d. spread by direct contact with secretions from an open lesion.
ANS> B
18. Transmission of microbes by direct contact includes
a. touching a contaminated countertop.
b. sexual intercourse.
c. drinking contaminated water.
d. inhaling dust-borne microbes.
ANS> B
19. What does the term carrier mean?
a. A person with active infection who acts as a reservoir for microbes
b. Animals, insects, objects, or surfaces contaminated by pathogens
