SCRIBEAMERICA ED STUDY GUIDE UPDATED EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Explain the difference between CAD and an MI. - ✔✔CAD is a broad term for heart
disease. MI is
included in CAD. It's an active heart attack.
✔✔If someone has a PMHx of A-Fib or CHF, do they also have CAD? - ✔✔No
✔✔What are the "cardiac risk factors?" - ✔✔HTN, DM, HLD, CAD, Smoking, FHx CAD
< 55 y/o
✔✔How is CAD diagnosed? - ✔✔By a cardiologist during a cardiac catheterization. Not
done in the
ED.
✔✔Name two ways that an MI can be diagnosed? - ✔✔STEMI- EKG, Non-STEMI-
Troponin
✔✔What are some associated symptoms of an MI other than CP? - ✔✔N/V, SOB,
Diaphoresis
✔✔What are some associated symptoms for CHF? - ✔✔SOB (Orthopnea, PND, DOE),
pedal edema
✔✔What 2 studies would diagnose CHF? - ✔✔CXR or elevated BNP
✔✔What is A-Fib? - ✔✔Electrical abnormality of the heart causing the top of the heart to
quiver
✔✔What might someone feel with A-Fib? - ✔✔Palpitations, fast, pounding, irregular
heartbeat
✔✔How is A-Fib diagnosed? - ✔✔EKG
✔✔What could be the CC of someone with a PE? - ✔✔Pleuritic CP or SOB
✔✔What are risk factors for a PE? - ✔✔Known DVT, PMHx of DVT or PE, FHx of DVT
or PE, recent
surgery, CA, Afib, immobility, pregnancy, BCP, smoking
✔✔What study would diagnose a PE? - ✔✔CTA Chest/VQ Scan. D-Dimer can only rule
it out
, ✔✔What part of the heart does CAD affect; Arteries, Veins, or Nerves? - ✔✔Arteries
✔✔Can a CT Chest without IV contrast diagnose a PE? Why or why not? - ✔✔No.
Contrast in the
vessels(IV) helps clearly see a blockage.
✔✔What is a PTX? - ✔✔Pneumothorax, "collapsed lung"
✔✔What is the most common cause of a PTX? - ✔✔Trauma
✔✔How is a PTX diagnosed? - ✔✔CXR
✔✔What social history will most COPD patients also have? - ✔✔Smoking
✔✔What is the difference between an inhaler and a nebulizer for asthma? - ✔✔An
inhaler is portable
and gives a one time dose and provides a rapid release of medication. A nebulizer is a
home
machine that delivers continuous treatment over a period of time.
✔✔What is asthma? - ✔✔Constricting of the airway due to inflammation and muscular
contraction of the
bronchioles. Also called Reactive Airway Disease
✔✔What physical exam finding closely associates with asthma? - ✔✔Wheezes/ing
✔✔What is PNA? - ✔✔What is PNA? Pneumonia. Usually a bacterial infection
(infiltrates) and inflammation inside the
lung
✔✔What might a person with PNA complain of? - ✔✔Productive cough and fever
✔✔How is PNA diagnosed? - ✔✔CXR
✔✔Name all 7 areas of the abdomen. - ✔✔Epigastric, RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ,
Suprapubic, Periumbilical
(Right/ Left flank)
✔✔What is the layman's name for GERD? - ✔✔"Heartburn" or Acid Reflux
✔✔What might someone with GERD complain of? - ✔✔Epigastric pain "burning"
✔✔For older patients with GERD symptoms, what life-threatening disease may also
need to be ruled
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Explain the difference between CAD and an MI. - ✔✔CAD is a broad term for heart
disease. MI is
included in CAD. It's an active heart attack.
✔✔If someone has a PMHx of A-Fib or CHF, do they also have CAD? - ✔✔No
✔✔What are the "cardiac risk factors?" - ✔✔HTN, DM, HLD, CAD, Smoking, FHx CAD
< 55 y/o
✔✔How is CAD diagnosed? - ✔✔By a cardiologist during a cardiac catheterization. Not
done in the
ED.
✔✔Name two ways that an MI can be diagnosed? - ✔✔STEMI- EKG, Non-STEMI-
Troponin
✔✔What are some associated symptoms of an MI other than CP? - ✔✔N/V, SOB,
Diaphoresis
✔✔What are some associated symptoms for CHF? - ✔✔SOB (Orthopnea, PND, DOE),
pedal edema
✔✔What 2 studies would diagnose CHF? - ✔✔CXR or elevated BNP
✔✔What is A-Fib? - ✔✔Electrical abnormality of the heart causing the top of the heart to
quiver
✔✔What might someone feel with A-Fib? - ✔✔Palpitations, fast, pounding, irregular
heartbeat
✔✔How is A-Fib diagnosed? - ✔✔EKG
✔✔What could be the CC of someone with a PE? - ✔✔Pleuritic CP or SOB
✔✔What are risk factors for a PE? - ✔✔Known DVT, PMHx of DVT or PE, FHx of DVT
or PE, recent
surgery, CA, Afib, immobility, pregnancy, BCP, smoking
✔✔What study would diagnose a PE? - ✔✔CTA Chest/VQ Scan. D-Dimer can only rule
it out
, ✔✔What part of the heart does CAD affect; Arteries, Veins, or Nerves? - ✔✔Arteries
✔✔Can a CT Chest without IV contrast diagnose a PE? Why or why not? - ✔✔No.
Contrast in the
vessels(IV) helps clearly see a blockage.
✔✔What is a PTX? - ✔✔Pneumothorax, "collapsed lung"
✔✔What is the most common cause of a PTX? - ✔✔Trauma
✔✔How is a PTX diagnosed? - ✔✔CXR
✔✔What social history will most COPD patients also have? - ✔✔Smoking
✔✔What is the difference between an inhaler and a nebulizer for asthma? - ✔✔An
inhaler is portable
and gives a one time dose and provides a rapid release of medication. A nebulizer is a
home
machine that delivers continuous treatment over a period of time.
✔✔What is asthma? - ✔✔Constricting of the airway due to inflammation and muscular
contraction of the
bronchioles. Also called Reactive Airway Disease
✔✔What physical exam finding closely associates with asthma? - ✔✔Wheezes/ing
✔✔What is PNA? - ✔✔What is PNA? Pneumonia. Usually a bacterial infection
(infiltrates) and inflammation inside the
lung
✔✔What might a person with PNA complain of? - ✔✔Productive cough and fever
✔✔How is PNA diagnosed? - ✔✔CXR
✔✔Name all 7 areas of the abdomen. - ✔✔Epigastric, RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ,
Suprapubic, Periumbilical
(Right/ Left flank)
✔✔What is the layman's name for GERD? - ✔✔"Heartburn" or Acid Reflux
✔✔What might someone with GERD complain of? - ✔✔Epigastric pain "burning"
✔✔For older patients with GERD symptoms, what life-threatening disease may also
need to be ruled
