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1
ATI Fundamentals Study Guide
HEALTH CARE FINANCING
● Medicare
○ Patients age 65+
○ Patients with permanent disabilities
● Medicaid
○ Low income patients
LEVELS OF HEALTH CARE
● Primary
○ HEALTH PROMOTION, family planning, nutrition counseling,
disease control
○ Examples: community health center, screenings, immunizations
● Secondary
○ DIAGNOSIS and treatment of acute illness/injury
○ Examples: inpatient, emergency department, diagnostic centers
● Tertiary
○ Specialized and highly technical CARE
○ Examples: intensive care, oncology center, burn center,
rehabilitation, support groups
PERSONNEL
● Spiritual support staff
● Registered Dietician
● Laboratory Technician
● Occupational Therapist
○ Assists with ADL (activities of daily living: eating, dressing, etc.)
● Pharmacist
● Physical Therapist
○ Assists patient to improve musculoskeletal function
● Provider
○ Assess, diagnose, treat disease
○ Includes MD, DO, APN, PA
● Radiologic Technician
● Respiratory Therapist
● Social Worker
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○ Coordinates with patient and family to meet patient’s environmental
and psychosocial needs
PRINCIPLES OF ETHICS
● Advocacy: Support client’s wishes
● Responsibility: COMMIT to your obligations
● Accountability: Answer for your actions
● Confidentiality: Protect patient’s PRIVACY
● Autonomy: Right of patient to make decisions for oneself
● Beneficence: Promoting good
● Fidelity: Keeping one’s own promise
● Justice: Fair delivery and use of resources
● Nonmaleficence: Do no harm
● Veracity: Truthfulness
LEGAL RESPONSIBILITIES
● Unintentional torts
○ Negligence: RN fails to follow safety measures. CARELESSNESS
○ Malpractice (Professional Negligence): Improper, illegal, or
incompetent. Causes harm or death to client
● Quasi-Intentional torts
○ Confidentiality Breach
○ Defamation
● Intentional Torts
○ Assault (Verbal) or Battery (PHYSICAL)
○ False Imprisonment
● Informed Consent
○ Provider has explained the procedure, risks, and benefits.
○ RN must witness client’s signature and competence
● Advanced Directives
○ Living will: Client’s end-of-life care wishes
○ Durable Power of Attorney: Client designates proxy to make their
healthcare decisions if they cannot
○ DNR: Do not resuscitate
○ AND: allow natural death
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INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
● ISBAR (horizontal communication)
○ Introduction
○ Situation
○ Background
○ Assessment
○ Recommendation
● Telephone Prescription
○ Repeat back prescription
○ Obtain provider’s prescription within 24 hr
● Incident Reports
○ Medication errors, needlestick injuries, falls
○ Do not include opinions in report
○ Incident report does not go on client’s medical record
DELEGATION AND SUPERVISION
● Five Rights of Delegation
○ Right task
○ Right circumstances
○ Right person
○ Right Direction/Communication
○ Right Supervision/Evaluation
Task AUP LPN
ADL (Bathing, Dressing,
Positioning, etc.)
✅
Intake and Output
Vitals of STABLE Patient
Feeding STABLE Patient
Tracheostomy Care ❌
Wound Care ❌
Suctioning ❌
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Inserting Catheter ❌ ✅
Enteral Feedings ¡ ✅
Administering Medication ¡ ✅
Administering IV
Medication
¡ ¡
Blood Transfusions ¡ ¡
● RNs can NOT delegate anything that falls under the NURSING
PROCESS: assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and
evaluation
THE NURSING PROCESS
● Assessment/Data Collection
○ Collecting information about the client’s health
■ Initial assessment / baseline data
■ Focused assessment
■ Ongoing assessment
○ Includes medical history, talking to patient’s family, and lab reports
○ Subjective Data
■ Client’s perceptions and feelings. Only the client can verify
subjective data (pain, dizziness, nausea, etc)
○ Objective Data
■ The nurse can verify/see/hear/feel it (labs, lung sounds, vitals, etc)
● Planning
○ Includes admission, ongoing, and discharge planning
■ Discharge planning begins upon ADMISSION
○ Use Maslow’s hierarchy of needs to prioritize
○ There are three types of interventions
■ Independent Interventions
● Initiated by the nurse
● Does not need physician’s orders
● Examples include:
○ Repositioning client every two hours
○ Measuring intake & output
■ Dependent Interventions
● Cannot be done without physician’s order
©SaranaNursing. Redistribution is illegal.
Downloaded by damaris mutuli ()
1
ATI Fundamentals Study Guide
HEALTH CARE FINANCING
● Medicare
○ Patients age 65+
○ Patients with permanent disabilities
● Medicaid
○ Low income patients
LEVELS OF HEALTH CARE
● Primary
○ HEALTH PROMOTION, family planning, nutrition counseling,
disease control
○ Examples: community health center, screenings, immunizations
● Secondary
○ DIAGNOSIS and treatment of acute illness/injury
○ Examples: inpatient, emergency department, diagnostic centers
● Tertiary
○ Specialized and highly technical CARE
○ Examples: intensive care, oncology center, burn center,
rehabilitation, support groups
PERSONNEL
● Spiritual support staff
● Registered Dietician
● Laboratory Technician
● Occupational Therapist
○ Assists with ADL (activities of daily living: eating, dressing, etc.)
● Pharmacist
● Physical Therapist
○ Assists patient to improve musculoskeletal function
● Provider
○ Assess, diagnose, treat disease
○ Includes MD, DO, APN, PA
● Radiologic Technician
● Respiratory Therapist
● Social Worker
©SaranaNursing. Redistribution is illegal.
Downloaded by damaris mutuli ()
, lOMoARcPSD|46240884
2
○ Coordinates with patient and family to meet patient’s environmental
and psychosocial needs
PRINCIPLES OF ETHICS
● Advocacy: Support client’s wishes
● Responsibility: COMMIT to your obligations
● Accountability: Answer for your actions
● Confidentiality: Protect patient’s PRIVACY
● Autonomy: Right of patient to make decisions for oneself
● Beneficence: Promoting good
● Fidelity: Keeping one’s own promise
● Justice: Fair delivery and use of resources
● Nonmaleficence: Do no harm
● Veracity: Truthfulness
LEGAL RESPONSIBILITIES
● Unintentional torts
○ Negligence: RN fails to follow safety measures. CARELESSNESS
○ Malpractice (Professional Negligence): Improper, illegal, or
incompetent. Causes harm or death to client
● Quasi-Intentional torts
○ Confidentiality Breach
○ Defamation
● Intentional Torts
○ Assault (Verbal) or Battery (PHYSICAL)
○ False Imprisonment
● Informed Consent
○ Provider has explained the procedure, risks, and benefits.
○ RN must witness client’s signature and competence
● Advanced Directives
○ Living will: Client’s end-of-life care wishes
○ Durable Power of Attorney: Client designates proxy to make their
healthcare decisions if they cannot
○ DNR: Do not resuscitate
○ AND: allow natural death
©SaranaNursing. Redistribution is illegal.
Downloaded by damaris mutuli ()
, lOMoARcPSD|46240884
3
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
● ISBAR (horizontal communication)
○ Introduction
○ Situation
○ Background
○ Assessment
○ Recommendation
● Telephone Prescription
○ Repeat back prescription
○ Obtain provider’s prescription within 24 hr
● Incident Reports
○ Medication errors, needlestick injuries, falls
○ Do not include opinions in report
○ Incident report does not go on client’s medical record
DELEGATION AND SUPERVISION
● Five Rights of Delegation
○ Right task
○ Right circumstances
○ Right person
○ Right Direction/Communication
○ Right Supervision/Evaluation
Task AUP LPN
ADL (Bathing, Dressing,
Positioning, etc.)
✅
Intake and Output
Vitals of STABLE Patient
Feeding STABLE Patient
Tracheostomy Care ❌
Wound Care ❌
Suctioning ❌
©SaranaNursing. Redistribution is illegal.
Downloaded by damaris mutuli ()
, lOMoARcPSD|46240884
4
Inserting Catheter ❌ ✅
Enteral Feedings ¡ ✅
Administering Medication ¡ ✅
Administering IV
Medication
¡ ¡
Blood Transfusions ¡ ¡
● RNs can NOT delegate anything that falls under the NURSING
PROCESS: assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and
evaluation
THE NURSING PROCESS
● Assessment/Data Collection
○ Collecting information about the client’s health
■ Initial assessment / baseline data
■ Focused assessment
■ Ongoing assessment
○ Includes medical history, talking to patient’s family, and lab reports
○ Subjective Data
■ Client’s perceptions and feelings. Only the client can verify
subjective data (pain, dizziness, nausea, etc)
○ Objective Data
■ The nurse can verify/see/hear/feel it (labs, lung sounds, vitals, etc)
● Planning
○ Includes admission, ongoing, and discharge planning
■ Discharge planning begins upon ADMISSION
○ Use Maslow’s hierarchy of needs to prioritize
○ There are three types of interventions
■ Independent Interventions
● Initiated by the nurse
● Does not need physician’s orders
● Examples include:
○ Repositioning client every two hours
○ Measuring intake & output
■ Dependent Interventions
● Cannot be done without physician’s order
©SaranaNursing. Redistribution is illegal.
Downloaded by damaris mutuli ()
