HHP: 3115 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
100% VERIFIED
what is anatomy? - ANSWER the study of the structure of the human body
what is physiology? - ANSWER the study of body function
what are the branches of anatomy? - ANSWER gross anatomy, microscopic anatomy, and
surface anatomy
what is anatomical terminology? - ANSWER provides standard nomenclature worldwide
what is the hierarchy of structural organization? - ANSWER chemical, cellular, tissue, organ,
organ system, organismal
what is the chemical level? - ANSWER atoms form molecules; over 90% of the body is carbon,
nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen
what is the cellular level? - ANSWER cells and their functional subunits; we have 50-100 trillion
cells
what is the tissue level? - ANSWER a group of cells performing a common function; epithelial,
,connective, muscle, nervous
what is the organ level? - ANSWER a discrete structure with more than one tissue
what is the organ system level? - ANSWER organs working together
what is the organismal level? - ANSWER the result of all simpler levels working in unison
what is anatomical position? - ANSWER a common visual reference point; feet together, eyes
forward, palms face anteriorly, thumbs pointed away from the body
what is directional terminology? - ANSWER refers to the body in anatomical position
superior (cranial) - ANSWER toward the head or upper part of the structure
inferior (caudal) - ANSWER away from the head or toward the lower part of the structure
anterior (ventral) - ANSWER toward or at the front of the body
posterior (dorsal) - ANSWER toward or at the back of the body
,medial - ANSWER toward or at the midline of the body
lateral - ANSWER away from the midline of the body
proximal - ANSWER closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb
to the body trunk
distal - ANSWER farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to
the body trunk
superficial (external) - ANSWER toward or at the body surface
deep (internal) - ANSWER away from the body surface
ipsilateral - ANSWER on the same side
contralateral - ANSWER on opposite sides
what is the arm vs forearm? - ANSWER the arm is shoulder to elbow and the forearm is elbow
to wrist
what are the regional terms? - ANSWER
, coronal (frontal) plane - ANSWER vertical, divides body into anterior and posterior
median (midsagittal) plane - ANSWER vertical midline dividing body into proportional left
and right
sagittal plane - ANSWER divides body into left and right parts but not equal
transverse plane (cross section) - ANSWER horizontal line dividing body into superior and
inferior
oblique plane - ANSWER at a diagonal
what are mucous membranes? - ANSWER line passages that communicate with the air; open
to outside; have cells and associated glands that secrete mucus
what are serous membranes? - ANSWER line passages that are closed to the outside; contain
internal organs
why does mucus need to lubricate food? - ANSWER because food is abrasive; dead skin cells
get stuck to our mucus
100% VERIFIED
what is anatomy? - ANSWER the study of the structure of the human body
what is physiology? - ANSWER the study of body function
what are the branches of anatomy? - ANSWER gross anatomy, microscopic anatomy, and
surface anatomy
what is anatomical terminology? - ANSWER provides standard nomenclature worldwide
what is the hierarchy of structural organization? - ANSWER chemical, cellular, tissue, organ,
organ system, organismal
what is the chemical level? - ANSWER atoms form molecules; over 90% of the body is carbon,
nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen
what is the cellular level? - ANSWER cells and their functional subunits; we have 50-100 trillion
cells
what is the tissue level? - ANSWER a group of cells performing a common function; epithelial,
,connective, muscle, nervous
what is the organ level? - ANSWER a discrete structure with more than one tissue
what is the organ system level? - ANSWER organs working together
what is the organismal level? - ANSWER the result of all simpler levels working in unison
what is anatomical position? - ANSWER a common visual reference point; feet together, eyes
forward, palms face anteriorly, thumbs pointed away from the body
what is directional terminology? - ANSWER refers to the body in anatomical position
superior (cranial) - ANSWER toward the head or upper part of the structure
inferior (caudal) - ANSWER away from the head or toward the lower part of the structure
anterior (ventral) - ANSWER toward or at the front of the body
posterior (dorsal) - ANSWER toward or at the back of the body
,medial - ANSWER toward or at the midline of the body
lateral - ANSWER away from the midline of the body
proximal - ANSWER closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb
to the body trunk
distal - ANSWER farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to
the body trunk
superficial (external) - ANSWER toward or at the body surface
deep (internal) - ANSWER away from the body surface
ipsilateral - ANSWER on the same side
contralateral - ANSWER on opposite sides
what is the arm vs forearm? - ANSWER the arm is shoulder to elbow and the forearm is elbow
to wrist
what are the regional terms? - ANSWER
, coronal (frontal) plane - ANSWER vertical, divides body into anterior and posterior
median (midsagittal) plane - ANSWER vertical midline dividing body into proportional left
and right
sagittal plane - ANSWER divides body into left and right parts but not equal
transverse plane (cross section) - ANSWER horizontal line dividing body into superior and
inferior
oblique plane - ANSWER at a diagonal
what are mucous membranes? - ANSWER line passages that communicate with the air; open
to outside; have cells and associated glands that secrete mucus
what are serous membranes? - ANSWER line passages that are closed to the outside; contain
internal organs
why does mucus need to lubricate food? - ANSWER because food is abrasive; dead skin cells
get stuck to our mucus
