FAU Pathophysiology Exam 3 – Questions With
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Terms in this set (54)
an abnormal collection of fluid in
the pleural cavity
-Occurs when the rate of fluid
formation exceeds the rate of its
removal
5 Types:
-Transudate
-Exudate
-Purulent
-Chyle
Pleural Effusion -Sanguineous
Problem:
-Acts as a space occupying mass;
causes decrease in lung
expansion
-Diminished breath sounds
-Hypoxemia
-Dyspnea (Increased effort or
rate of breathing)
-Chest pain especially on
breathing deeply
, Right sided heart failure resulting
from primary lung disease or
pulmonary hypertension
-Increased pressures and work
result in hypertrophy and
eventual failure of the right
ventricle
Signs:
-venous congestion
-peripheral edema
-SOB
Cor Pulmonale -Productive cough
-Cyanosis
-Drowsiness and altered
consciousness may occur from
CO2 retention
Treatment:
-Low-flow oxygen therapy to
reduce the pulmonary
hypertension and polycythemia
associated with severe
hypoxemia caused by chronic
lung disease
, Atelectasis is an incomplete
expansion of a lung or portion of
a lung
Causes:
-Airway obstruction
-Lung compression
(pneumothorax or pleural
effusion)
Patient Teaching on Risks
-Increased recoil of the lung due
for Atelectasis
to loss of pulmonary surfactant
-Most commonly in adults caused
by a mucus plug in the airway
Prevention!
-Ambulation/Turning
-Deep breathing (Incentive
spirometry)
-Coughing
, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
"Blue Bloaters"
Leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide
4th leading cause of death in the USA (More women)
-Approx. 24 million Americans have some degree of
COPD and 12.1 million are diagnosed
-By the time symptoms appear the disease is far
advanced
-Chronic and recurrent obstruction of airflow in the
pulmonary airways
-Airway obstruction is usually progressive and
What is COPD
accompanied by inflammatory responses too noxious
particles or gases
Includes:
-Inflammation and fibrosis of the bronchial wall
-Excess mucus secretion
-Mismatch of ventilation and perfusion (cant get CO2
out)
-Loss of elastic fibers impairs the expiratory flow rate,
increases air trapping and predisposes to airway
collapse
Causes:
-Smoking
-Less common hereditary deficiency in a1-antitrypsin
Complete Solutions
Save
Terms in this set (54)
an abnormal collection of fluid in
the pleural cavity
-Occurs when the rate of fluid
formation exceeds the rate of its
removal
5 Types:
-Transudate
-Exudate
-Purulent
-Chyle
Pleural Effusion -Sanguineous
Problem:
-Acts as a space occupying mass;
causes decrease in lung
expansion
-Diminished breath sounds
-Hypoxemia
-Dyspnea (Increased effort or
rate of breathing)
-Chest pain especially on
breathing deeply
, Right sided heart failure resulting
from primary lung disease or
pulmonary hypertension
-Increased pressures and work
result in hypertrophy and
eventual failure of the right
ventricle
Signs:
-venous congestion
-peripheral edema
-SOB
Cor Pulmonale -Productive cough
-Cyanosis
-Drowsiness and altered
consciousness may occur from
CO2 retention
Treatment:
-Low-flow oxygen therapy to
reduce the pulmonary
hypertension and polycythemia
associated with severe
hypoxemia caused by chronic
lung disease
, Atelectasis is an incomplete
expansion of a lung or portion of
a lung
Causes:
-Airway obstruction
-Lung compression
(pneumothorax or pleural
effusion)
Patient Teaching on Risks
-Increased recoil of the lung due
for Atelectasis
to loss of pulmonary surfactant
-Most commonly in adults caused
by a mucus plug in the airway
Prevention!
-Ambulation/Turning
-Deep breathing (Incentive
spirometry)
-Coughing
, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
"Blue Bloaters"
Leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide
4th leading cause of death in the USA (More women)
-Approx. 24 million Americans have some degree of
COPD and 12.1 million are diagnosed
-By the time symptoms appear the disease is far
advanced
-Chronic and recurrent obstruction of airflow in the
pulmonary airways
-Airway obstruction is usually progressive and
What is COPD
accompanied by inflammatory responses too noxious
particles or gases
Includes:
-Inflammation and fibrosis of the bronchial wall
-Excess mucus secretion
-Mismatch of ventilation and perfusion (cant get CO2
out)
-Loss of elastic fibers impairs the expiratory flow rate,
increases air trapping and predisposes to airway
collapse
Causes:
-Smoking
-Less common hereditary deficiency in a1-antitrypsin
