HESIPHARMACOLOGY(QUESTIONSANDANSWERS)
(2023-2024) A+ GRADED
1. Ahealthcareproviderprescribescephalexinmonohydrate(Keflex)foraclientwithapostoperative infection.
It is most important for the nurse to assess for what additional drug allergy before administering this
prescription?
A) Penicillins.
B) Aminoglycosides.
C) Erythromycins.
D) Sulfonamides.
A) Penicillins.
Cross-allergiesexistbetweenpenicillins(A)andcephalosporins,suchascephalexinmonohydrate (Keflex), so
checking for penicillin allergy is a wise precaution before administering this drug.
2. Whichnursinginterventionismostimportantwhencaringforaclientreceivingtheantimetabolite
cytosine arabinoside (Arc-C) for chemotherapy?
A) HydratetheclientwithIVfluidsbeforeandafterinfusion.
B) Assesstheclientfornumbnessandtinglingofextremities.
C) Inspecttheclient'soralmucosaforulcerations.
D) Monitortheclient'surinepHforincreasedacidity.
C)Inspecttheclient'soralmucosaforulcerations.
Cytosine arabinoside (Arc-C) affects the rapidly growing cells of the body, therefore stomatitis and
mucosalulcerationsarekeysignsofantimetabolitetoxicity(C).(A,B,andD)arenottypicalinterventions
associated with the administration of antimetabolites.
3. Whenassessinganadolescentwhorecentlyoverdosedonacetaminophen(Tylenol),itismost
important for the nurse to assess for pain in which area of the body?
A) Flank.
B) Abdomen.
C) Chest.
D) Head.
B) Abdomen.
Acetaminophen toxicity can result in liver damage; therefore, it is especially important for the nurse to
assessforpainintherightupperquadrantoftheabdomen(B),whichmightindicateliverdamage.(A,C, and D)
are not areas where pain would be anticipated.
,HESIPHARMACOLOGY(QUESTIONSANDANSWERS)
(2023-2024) A+ GRADED
4. Anadultclientisgivenaprescriptionforascopolaminepatch(TransdermScop)topreventmotion
sickness while on a cruise. Which information should the nurse provide to the client?
A) Applythepatchatleast4hourspriortodeparture.
B) Changethepatcheveryotherdaywhileonthecruise.
C) Placethepatchonahairlessareaatthebaseoftheskull.
D) Drinknomorethan2alcoholicdrinksduringthecruise.
A) Applythepatchatleast4hourspriortodeparture.
Scopolamine, an anticholinergic agent, is used to prevent motion sickness and has a peak onset in 6
hours, so the clientshouldbe instructed to applythepatch at least4 hours before departure(A)onthe
cruise ship. Thedurationofthe transdermal patch is72 hours,so (B)is not needed. Scolopamineblocks
muscarinicreceptorsintheinnerearandtothevomitingcenter,sothebestapplicationsiteofthepatch is
behind the ear, not at the base of the skull (C). Anticholinergic medications are CNS depressants, so the
client should be instructed to avoid alcohol (D) while using the patch.
5. The nurse is reviewing the use of the patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump with a client in the
immediatepostoperativeperiod.Theclientwillreceivemorphine1mgIVperhourbasalratewith1mg IV
every 15 minutes per PCA to total 5 mg IV maximally per hour. What assessment has the highest
priority before initiating the PCA pump?
A) Theexpirationdateonthemorphinesyringeinthepump.
B) Therateanddepthoftheclient'srespirations.
C) Thetypeofanesthesiausedduringthesurgicalprocedure.
D) Theclient'ssubjectiveandobjectivesignsofpain.
B) Therateanddepthoftheclient'srespirations.
A life-threatening side effect of intravenous administration of morphine sulfate, an opiate narcotic, is
respiratory depression (B).The PCA pumpshould be stopped and the healthcare provider notified if the
client's respiratory rate falls below 12 breaths per minute, and the nurse should anticipate adjustments
intheclient'sdosagebeforethePCApumpisrestarted.(A,C,andD)providehelpfulinformation,butare not as
high a priority as the assessment described in (B).
6. Amedicationthatisclassifiedasabeta-1agonistismostcommonlyprescribedforaclientwithwhich
condition?
A) Glaucoma.
B) Hypertension.
C) Heartfailure.
D) Asthma.
, HESIPHARMACOLOGY(QUESTIONSANDANSWERS)
(2023-2024) A+ GRADED
C) Heartfailure.
Beta-1 agonists improve cardiac output by increasing the heart rate and blood pressure and are
indicatedinheartfailure(C),shock,atrioventricularblockdysrhythmias,andcardiacarrest.Glaucoma
(A) ismanagedusingadrenergicagentsandbeta-adrenergicblockingagents.Beta-1blockingagentsare
usedinthemanagementofhypertension(B).Medicationsthatstimulatebeta-2receptorsinthebronchi are
effective for bronchoconstriction in respiratory disorders, such as asthma (D).
7. A female client with rheumatoid arthritis take ibuprofen (Motrin) 600 mg PO 4 times a day. To
preventgastrointestinalbleeding,misoprostol(Cytotec)100mcgPOisprescribed.Whichinformationis most
important for the nurse to include in client teaching?
A) Usecontraceptionduringintercourse.
B) EnsuretheCytotecistakenonanemptystomach.
C) Encourageoralfluid intaketopreventconstipation.
D) TakeCytotec30minutespriortoMotrin.
A) Usecontraceptionduringintercourse.
Cytotec, a synthetic form of a prostaglandin, is classified as pregnancy Category X and can act as an
abortifacient,sotheclientshouldbeinstructedtousecontraceptionduringintercourse(A)toprevent loss of
an early pregnancy. (B) is not necessary. A common side effect of Cytotec is diarrhea, so constipation
prevention strategies are usually not needed (C). Cytotec and Motrin should be taken together (D) to
provide protective properties against gastrointestinal bleeding.
8. Aclientwithheartfailureisprescribedspironolactone(Aldactone).Whichinformationismost
important for the nurse to provide to the client about diet modifications?
A) Donotaddsalttofoodsduringpreparation.
B) Refrainforeatingfoodshighinpotassium.
C) Restrictfluidintaketo1000mlperday.
D) Increaseintakeofmilkandmilkproducts.
B) Refrainforeatingfoodshighinpotassium.
Spironolactone(Aldactone),analdosteroneantagonist,isapotassium-sparingdiuretic,soadiethighin
potassiumshouldbeavoided(B),includingpotassiumsaltsubstitutes,whichcanleadtohyperkalemia.
Although(A)isacommondietmodificationinheartfailure,theriskofhyperkalemiaismoreimportant with
Aldactone. Restrictionof fluids (C)or increasingmilk andmilkproducts(D)are not indicatedwith this
prescription.
(2023-2024) A+ GRADED
1. Ahealthcareproviderprescribescephalexinmonohydrate(Keflex)foraclientwithapostoperative infection.
It is most important for the nurse to assess for what additional drug allergy before administering this
prescription?
A) Penicillins.
B) Aminoglycosides.
C) Erythromycins.
D) Sulfonamides.
A) Penicillins.
Cross-allergiesexistbetweenpenicillins(A)andcephalosporins,suchascephalexinmonohydrate (Keflex), so
checking for penicillin allergy is a wise precaution before administering this drug.
2. Whichnursinginterventionismostimportantwhencaringforaclientreceivingtheantimetabolite
cytosine arabinoside (Arc-C) for chemotherapy?
A) HydratetheclientwithIVfluidsbeforeandafterinfusion.
B) Assesstheclientfornumbnessandtinglingofextremities.
C) Inspecttheclient'soralmucosaforulcerations.
D) Monitortheclient'surinepHforincreasedacidity.
C)Inspecttheclient'soralmucosaforulcerations.
Cytosine arabinoside (Arc-C) affects the rapidly growing cells of the body, therefore stomatitis and
mucosalulcerationsarekeysignsofantimetabolitetoxicity(C).(A,B,andD)arenottypicalinterventions
associated with the administration of antimetabolites.
3. Whenassessinganadolescentwhorecentlyoverdosedonacetaminophen(Tylenol),itismost
important for the nurse to assess for pain in which area of the body?
A) Flank.
B) Abdomen.
C) Chest.
D) Head.
B) Abdomen.
Acetaminophen toxicity can result in liver damage; therefore, it is especially important for the nurse to
assessforpainintherightupperquadrantoftheabdomen(B),whichmightindicateliverdamage.(A,C, and D)
are not areas where pain would be anticipated.
,HESIPHARMACOLOGY(QUESTIONSANDANSWERS)
(2023-2024) A+ GRADED
4. Anadultclientisgivenaprescriptionforascopolaminepatch(TransdermScop)topreventmotion
sickness while on a cruise. Which information should the nurse provide to the client?
A) Applythepatchatleast4hourspriortodeparture.
B) Changethepatcheveryotherdaywhileonthecruise.
C) Placethepatchonahairlessareaatthebaseoftheskull.
D) Drinknomorethan2alcoholicdrinksduringthecruise.
A) Applythepatchatleast4hourspriortodeparture.
Scopolamine, an anticholinergic agent, is used to prevent motion sickness and has a peak onset in 6
hours, so the clientshouldbe instructed to applythepatch at least4 hours before departure(A)onthe
cruise ship. Thedurationofthe transdermal patch is72 hours,so (B)is not needed. Scolopamineblocks
muscarinicreceptorsintheinnerearandtothevomitingcenter,sothebestapplicationsiteofthepatch is
behind the ear, not at the base of the skull (C). Anticholinergic medications are CNS depressants, so the
client should be instructed to avoid alcohol (D) while using the patch.
5. The nurse is reviewing the use of the patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump with a client in the
immediatepostoperativeperiod.Theclientwillreceivemorphine1mgIVperhourbasalratewith1mg IV
every 15 minutes per PCA to total 5 mg IV maximally per hour. What assessment has the highest
priority before initiating the PCA pump?
A) Theexpirationdateonthemorphinesyringeinthepump.
B) Therateanddepthoftheclient'srespirations.
C) Thetypeofanesthesiausedduringthesurgicalprocedure.
D) Theclient'ssubjectiveandobjectivesignsofpain.
B) Therateanddepthoftheclient'srespirations.
A life-threatening side effect of intravenous administration of morphine sulfate, an opiate narcotic, is
respiratory depression (B).The PCA pumpshould be stopped and the healthcare provider notified if the
client's respiratory rate falls below 12 breaths per minute, and the nurse should anticipate adjustments
intheclient'sdosagebeforethePCApumpisrestarted.(A,C,andD)providehelpfulinformation,butare not as
high a priority as the assessment described in (B).
6. Amedicationthatisclassifiedasabeta-1agonistismostcommonlyprescribedforaclientwithwhich
condition?
A) Glaucoma.
B) Hypertension.
C) Heartfailure.
D) Asthma.
, HESIPHARMACOLOGY(QUESTIONSANDANSWERS)
(2023-2024) A+ GRADED
C) Heartfailure.
Beta-1 agonists improve cardiac output by increasing the heart rate and blood pressure and are
indicatedinheartfailure(C),shock,atrioventricularblockdysrhythmias,andcardiacarrest.Glaucoma
(A) ismanagedusingadrenergicagentsandbeta-adrenergicblockingagents.Beta-1blockingagentsare
usedinthemanagementofhypertension(B).Medicationsthatstimulatebeta-2receptorsinthebronchi are
effective for bronchoconstriction in respiratory disorders, such as asthma (D).
7. A female client with rheumatoid arthritis take ibuprofen (Motrin) 600 mg PO 4 times a day. To
preventgastrointestinalbleeding,misoprostol(Cytotec)100mcgPOisprescribed.Whichinformationis most
important for the nurse to include in client teaching?
A) Usecontraceptionduringintercourse.
B) EnsuretheCytotecistakenonanemptystomach.
C) Encourageoralfluid intaketopreventconstipation.
D) TakeCytotec30minutespriortoMotrin.
A) Usecontraceptionduringintercourse.
Cytotec, a synthetic form of a prostaglandin, is classified as pregnancy Category X and can act as an
abortifacient,sotheclientshouldbeinstructedtousecontraceptionduringintercourse(A)toprevent loss of
an early pregnancy. (B) is not necessary. A common side effect of Cytotec is diarrhea, so constipation
prevention strategies are usually not needed (C). Cytotec and Motrin should be taken together (D) to
provide protective properties against gastrointestinal bleeding.
8. Aclientwithheartfailureisprescribedspironolactone(Aldactone).Whichinformationismost
important for the nurse to provide to the client about diet modifications?
A) Donotaddsalttofoodsduringpreparation.
B) Refrainforeatingfoodshighinpotassium.
C) Restrictfluidintaketo1000mlperday.
D) Increaseintakeofmilkandmilkproducts.
B) Refrainforeatingfoodshighinpotassium.
Spironolactone(Aldactone),analdosteroneantagonist,isapotassium-sparingdiuretic,soadiethighin
potassiumshouldbeavoided(B),includingpotassiumsaltsubstitutes,whichcanleadtohyperkalemia.
Although(A)isacommondietmodificationinheartfailure,theriskofhyperkalemiaismoreimportant with
Aldactone. Restrictionof fluids (C)or increasingmilk andmilkproducts(D)are not indicatedwith this
prescription.
