WND580 - MODULE 1 NEWLY UPDATED COLLECTION OF EXAM QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS DESIGNED TO GUARANTEE YOUR SUCCESS ON THE LATEST
TEST VERSION
What framework do we use to provide an optimal physiologic wound
environment? - ANSWER TIMERS
What does TIMERS stand for ANSWERT - - tissue management
I inflammation/infection control
-
M - moisture balance
E - edge advancement/epithelialization
R - repair/regeneration
S - social factors
What are the 3 principles of wound healing? - ANSWER 1. Identify/control the
cause
2. Support the host
3. optimize a physiologic wound environment
How does radiation potentially negatively affect wound healing? - ANS WER
Radiation causes blood vessels to narrow at the site
On cellular level, how does inadequate protein/energy intake affect wound
a
healing? ANSWER Decreased function in phagocytic cells
-
What is the #1 method to reduce infection risk? - ANS WER hand washing
What are the 5 methods of reducing infection risk? ANSWER 1 hand - -
washing
2 protect non-intact skin + mucous membranes from contamination
-
3-PPE
4 - Don't contaminate dressing application process
in
5- give patients their own supplies that are protected from environmental
contamination
What are the 6 steps in microbial wound infection? - ANSWER 1-
contamination
2 - colonization
3 - local infection (subtle sx)
,4 - spreading infection
5 - systemic infection
6 sepsis
-
What treatmentswould be used in a spreading infection, systemic infection, and
sepsis? - ANSWER systemic and topical antimicrobials
what treatment would be appropriate for a local infection with or without subtle
sx? - ANSWER topical antimicrobials
T/F most chronic wounds have biofilms - ANSWER True
What is the most definitive method for diagnosing osteomyelitis? - ANSWER
MRI
What is planktonic bacteria? ANSWER free-floating bacteria,
- occurs in
contamination and colonization
How are biofilms NOT detected? - ANSWER not detectable with a normal
wound culture and not visible to the naked eye
What are the 4 steps in the biofilm formation cycle? - ANSWER attachment -->
growth --> maturation --> detachment -->
What step in the infection process is characterized by microbials
growing/dividing, but they haven't yet caused damage to the host or initiated
infection? - ANSWER colonization
What type of infection has hypergranulation/friable tissue, epithelial bridging or
pocketing in granulation tissue, wound breakdown or enlargement, delayed
healing, new or increased pain, and increased odor? - ANSWER local (subtle)
infection
What type of infection has erythema, warmth, swelling, purulent exudate,
delayed healing, increased or new pain, increased malodor? ANSWER local -
(classic) infection
What type of infection involves extending induration and erythema,
lymphangitis, crepitus, wound breakdown or dehiscence with or without
satellite lesions, induration, malaise and general deterioration, decreased
appetitie, inflammation and swelling of lymph glands? - ANSWER Spreading
infection
, What type of infection involves severe sepsis, septic shock, organ failure, or
death? ANSWER Systemic infection
-
is a common subcutaneous skin infection caused by bacteria. There
is a point of entry, warmth, pain, and erythema. - ANSWER Cellulitis
What is the N.E.R.D.S. acronym used for? - ANSWER determining if the
wound has a local infection
What does N.E.R.D.S. stand for? - ANSWER N - nonhealing
E - exudative
R - red/bleeding
D - debris
S- smel1
How many NERDS criteria need to be met in order for infection to be
determined? - ANSWER 3
What does the S.T.O.N.E.E.S. acronym help with? - ANSWER determining if
an infection is spreading
what does the S.T.O.N.E.E.S. acronym stand for? - ANSWER S - size increase
T temp increase
-
O Os (exposed or probes
- to bone)
N - new area of breakdown
E - erythema/edema
E - exudate
S - smell
What is the gold standard for determining if a wound infection is present? -
ANSWER tissue biopsy
Should wound cultures be taken from clean and healthy-looking tissue? Or from
infected-looking tissue? - ANSWER clean and healthy tissue
What are 5 methods of keeping bacteria OUT of wounds? - ANSWER -
debridement
- wound cleansing
- wound irrigation
aseptic technique
- semi-occlusive dressings
VERIFIED ANSWERS DESIGNED TO GUARANTEE YOUR SUCCESS ON THE LATEST
TEST VERSION
What framework do we use to provide an optimal physiologic wound
environment? - ANSWER TIMERS
What does TIMERS stand for ANSWERT - - tissue management
I inflammation/infection control
-
M - moisture balance
E - edge advancement/epithelialization
R - repair/regeneration
S - social factors
What are the 3 principles of wound healing? - ANSWER 1. Identify/control the
cause
2. Support the host
3. optimize a physiologic wound environment
How does radiation potentially negatively affect wound healing? - ANS WER
Radiation causes blood vessels to narrow at the site
On cellular level, how does inadequate protein/energy intake affect wound
a
healing? ANSWER Decreased function in phagocytic cells
-
What is the #1 method to reduce infection risk? - ANS WER hand washing
What are the 5 methods of reducing infection risk? ANSWER 1 hand - -
washing
2 protect non-intact skin + mucous membranes from contamination
-
3-PPE
4 - Don't contaminate dressing application process
in
5- give patients their own supplies that are protected from environmental
contamination
What are the 6 steps in microbial wound infection? - ANSWER 1-
contamination
2 - colonization
3 - local infection (subtle sx)
,4 - spreading infection
5 - systemic infection
6 sepsis
-
What treatmentswould be used in a spreading infection, systemic infection, and
sepsis? - ANSWER systemic and topical antimicrobials
what treatment would be appropriate for a local infection with or without subtle
sx? - ANSWER topical antimicrobials
T/F most chronic wounds have biofilms - ANSWER True
What is the most definitive method for diagnosing osteomyelitis? - ANSWER
MRI
What is planktonic bacteria? ANSWER free-floating bacteria,
- occurs in
contamination and colonization
How are biofilms NOT detected? - ANSWER not detectable with a normal
wound culture and not visible to the naked eye
What are the 4 steps in the biofilm formation cycle? - ANSWER attachment -->
growth --> maturation --> detachment -->
What step in the infection process is characterized by microbials
growing/dividing, but they haven't yet caused damage to the host or initiated
infection? - ANSWER colonization
What type of infection has hypergranulation/friable tissue, epithelial bridging or
pocketing in granulation tissue, wound breakdown or enlargement, delayed
healing, new or increased pain, and increased odor? - ANSWER local (subtle)
infection
What type of infection has erythema, warmth, swelling, purulent exudate,
delayed healing, increased or new pain, increased malodor? ANSWER local -
(classic) infection
What type of infection involves extending induration and erythema,
lymphangitis, crepitus, wound breakdown or dehiscence with or without
satellite lesions, induration, malaise and general deterioration, decreased
appetitie, inflammation and swelling of lymph glands? - ANSWER Spreading
infection
, What type of infection involves severe sepsis, septic shock, organ failure, or
death? ANSWER Systemic infection
-
is a common subcutaneous skin infection caused by bacteria. There
is a point of entry, warmth, pain, and erythema. - ANSWER Cellulitis
What is the N.E.R.D.S. acronym used for? - ANSWER determining if the
wound has a local infection
What does N.E.R.D.S. stand for? - ANSWER N - nonhealing
E - exudative
R - red/bleeding
D - debris
S- smel1
How many NERDS criteria need to be met in order for infection to be
determined? - ANSWER 3
What does the S.T.O.N.E.E.S. acronym help with? - ANSWER determining if
an infection is spreading
what does the S.T.O.N.E.E.S. acronym stand for? - ANSWER S - size increase
T temp increase
-
O Os (exposed or probes
- to bone)
N - new area of breakdown
E - erythema/edema
E - exudate
S - smell
What is the gold standard for determining if a wound infection is present? -
ANSWER tissue biopsy
Should wound cultures be taken from clean and healthy-looking tissue? Or from
infected-looking tissue? - ANSWER clean and healthy tissue
What are 5 methods of keeping bacteria OUT of wounds? - ANSWER -
debridement
- wound cleansing
- wound irrigation
aseptic technique
- semi-occlusive dressings
