UCONN BIOLOGY 1107 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
The spontaneity of a reaction is determined by two factors: - ANS -1.
The amount of potential energy
2. The order of degree
Entropy (S) - ANS -the amount of disorder in a group of molecules.
The second law of thermodynamics states - ANS -entropy always
increases.
(chemical reactions result in products with less ordered (usable) energy)
The Gibbs free-energy change (ΔG) - ANS -determines whether a
reaction is spontaneous or requires energy.
ΔG < 0 is an exergonic spontaneous reaction.
ΔG > 0 is an endergonic reaction that requires energy input.
ΔG = 0 is a reaction that is at equilibrium.
, The Nature of Side Chains - ANS -The 20 amino acids differ only in the
unique R-group attached to the central carbon. The properties of amino
acids vary because their R-groups vary.
monomers - ANS -mid-size molecules, such as amino acids and
nucleotides
polymers - ANS -link together (polymerize) to form larger molecules,
such as proteins and nucleic acids
Macromolecules - ANS -very large polymers made up of many
monomers linked together.
Polymerization - ANS -requires energy and is nonspontaneous.
Monomers polymerize through - ANS -condensation (dehydration)
reactions, which release a water molecule.
Hydrolysis - ANS -he reverse reaction, which breaks polymers apart by
adding a water molecule
Within the polypeptide, the peptide bonds form a "backbone" with
three key characteristics: - ANS -1. R-group orientation
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
The spontaneity of a reaction is determined by two factors: - ANS -1.
The amount of potential energy
2. The order of degree
Entropy (S) - ANS -the amount of disorder in a group of molecules.
The second law of thermodynamics states - ANS -entropy always
increases.
(chemical reactions result in products with less ordered (usable) energy)
The Gibbs free-energy change (ΔG) - ANS -determines whether a
reaction is spontaneous or requires energy.
ΔG < 0 is an exergonic spontaneous reaction.
ΔG > 0 is an endergonic reaction that requires energy input.
ΔG = 0 is a reaction that is at equilibrium.
, The Nature of Side Chains - ANS -The 20 amino acids differ only in the
unique R-group attached to the central carbon. The properties of amino
acids vary because their R-groups vary.
monomers - ANS -mid-size molecules, such as amino acids and
nucleotides
polymers - ANS -link together (polymerize) to form larger molecules,
such as proteins and nucleic acids
Macromolecules - ANS -very large polymers made up of many
monomers linked together.
Polymerization - ANS -requires energy and is nonspontaneous.
Monomers polymerize through - ANS -condensation (dehydration)
reactions, which release a water molecule.
Hydrolysis - ANS -he reverse reaction, which breaks polymers apart by
adding a water molecule
Within the polypeptide, the peptide bonds form a "backbone" with
three key characteristics: - ANS -1. R-group orientation
