EXAM 2 MED SURG QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
FOR 2025-2026 ASSURED EXCEL!!
Thednursedassessesdadsurgicaldpatientdthedmorningdofdthedfirstdpostoperativeddaydanddnotesdrednessdandd
warmthdarounddthedincision.dWhichdactiondbydthednursedisdmostdappropriate?
a.dObtaindwounddcultures.
b.dDocumentdthedassessment.
c.dNotifydthedhealthdcaredprovider.
d.dAssessdthedwounddeveryd2dhoursd-ddCORRECTdANSWERSAnswer:dBd
Rationale:dThedincisionaldrednessdanddwarmthdaredindicatorsdofdthednormaldinitiald(inflammatory)dstagedof
dwounddhealingdbydprimarydintention.
Ad24-year-
olddpatientdwhodisdreceivingdantibioticsdfordandinfecteddlegdwounddhasdadtemperaturedofd101.8°dFd(38.7°dC
).dWhichdactiondbydthednursedisdmostdappropriate?
a.dApplydadcoolingdblanket.
b.dNotifydthedhealthdcaredprovider.
c.dGivedthedprescribeddPRNdaspirind(Ascriptin)d650dmg.
d.dCheckdthedpatient'sdoraldtemperaturedagaindind4dhours.d-ddCORRECTdANSWERSAnswer:dDd
Rationale:dMilddtodmoderatedtemperaturedelevationsd(lessdthand103°dF)ddodnotdharmdthedyoungdadultdpati
entdanddmaydbenefitdhostddefensedmechanisms.dThednursedshoulddcontinuedtodmonitordthedtemperature.d
Antipyreticsdarednotdindicateddunlessdthedpatientdisdcomplainingdofdfever-
relateddsymptoms.dTheredisdnodneeddtodnotifydthedpatient'sdhealthdcaredproviderdordtodusedadcoolingdblank
etdfordadmoderatedtemperaturedelevation.
Whichdnursingdactiondisdmostdlikelydtoddetectdearlydsignsdofdinfectiondindadpatientdwhodisdtakingdimmunosu
ppressivedmedications?
a.dMonitordwhitedblooddcelldcount.
,b.dCheckdthedskindfordareasdofdredness.
c.dCheckdthedtemperaturedeveryd2dhours.
d.dAskdaboutdfatiguedordfeelingsdofdmalaise.d-ddCORRECTdANSWERSAnswer:dD
Rationale:dCommondclinicaldmanifestationsdofdinflammationdanddinfectiondaredfrequentlydnotdpresentdwh
endpatientsdreceivedimmunosuppressivedmedications.dThedearliestdmanifestationdofdandinfectiondmaydbed
"justdnotdfeelingdwell."
Whendevaluatingdthedresponsedtodtreatmentdfordadpatientdwithdadfluiddimbalance,dthedmostdimportantdass
essmentdtodincludedis
a.dskindturgor.
b.dpresencedofdedema.
c.dhourlydurinedoutput.
d.ddailydweight.d-ddCORRECTdANSWERSAnswer:dD
Rationale:dDailydweightdisdthedmostdeasilydobtaineddanddaccuratedmeansdofdassessingdvolumedstatus.dSkind
turgordvariesdconsiderablydwithdage.dConsiderabledexcessdfluiddvolumedmaydbedpresentdbeforedfluiddmove
sdintodthedinterstitialdspacedanddcausesdedema.dHourlydurinedoutputsddodnotdtakedaccountdofdfluiddintaked
ordofdfluiddlossdthroughdinsensibledloss,dsweating,dordlossdfromdthedgastrointestinaldtractdordwounds.
Whendcaringdfordandalertdanddorienteddelderlydpatientdwithdadhistorydofddehydration,dthedhomedhealthdnu
rsedwilldteachdthedpatientdtodincreasedfluiddintake
a.dwhendthedpatientdfeelsdthirsty.
b.dindthedlatedeveningdhours.
c.dasdsoondasdchangesdindLOCdoccur.
d.difdthedoraldmucosadfeelsddry.d-ddCORRECTdANSWERSAnswer:dDd
Rationale:dAndalert,delderlydpatientdwilldbedabledtodself-
assessdfordsignsdofdoralddrynessdsuchdasdthickdoraldsecretionsdorddry-
appearingdmucosa.dThedthirstdmechanismddecreasesdwithdagedanddisdnotdandaccuratedindicatordofdvolumed
depletion.dManydolderdpatientsdpreferdtodrestrictdfluidsdslightlydindthedeveningdtodimprovedsleepdquality.dT
hedpatientdwilldnotdbedlikelydtodnoticedanddactdappropriatelydwhendchangesdindLOCdoccur.
, Adpatientdisdtakingdhydrochlorothiazide,dadpotassium-
wastingddiuretic,dfordtreatmentdofdhypertension.dThednursedwilldteachdthedpatientdtodreportdsymptomsdofd
adversedeffectsdsuchdas
a.dgeneralizeddweakness.
b.dfacialdmuscledspasms.
c.dfrequentdloosedstools.
d.dpersonalitydchanges.d-ddCORRECTdANSWERSAnswer:dAd
Rationale:dGeneralizeddweaknessdprogressingdtodflacciditydisdadmanifestationdofdhypokalemia.dFacialdmusc
ledspasmsdmightdoccurdwithdhypocalcemia.dLoosedstoolsdaredassociateddwithdhyperkalemia.dPersonalitydch
angesdarednotdassociateddwithdelectrolyteddisturbances,dalthoughdchangesdindmentaldstatusdaredcommond
manifestationsdwithdsodiumdexcessdorddeficit.
Thedlong-term-
carednursedisdevaluatingdthedeffectivenessdofdproteindsupplementsdondadpatientdwhodhasdlowdserumdtotald
proteindlevel.dWhichdofdtheseddatadindicatedthatdthedpatient'sdconditiondhasdimproved?
a.dAbsencedofdperipheraldedema
b.dGooddskindturgor
c.dHematocritd28%
d.dBlooddpressured110/72dmmdHgd-ddCORRECTdANSWERSAnswer:dAd
Rationale:dEdemadisdcauseddbydlowdoncoticdpressuredindindividualsdwithdlowdserumdproteindlevels;dthedabs
encedofdedemadindicatesdandimprovementdindthedpatient'sdproteindstatus.dGooddskindturgordisdandindicator
dofdfluiddbalance,dnotdproteindstatus.dAdlowdhematocritdcoulddbedcauseddbydpoordproteindintake.dBlooddpre
ssureddoesdnotdprovidedadusefuldclinicaldtooldfordmonitoringdproteindstatus
Adnursedisdassessingdadnewlydadmitteddpatientdwithdchronicdheartdfailuredwhodforgotdtodtakedprescribeddm
edicationsdanddseemsdconfused.dThedpatientdcomplainsdofd"justdblowingdup"danddhasdperipheraldedemada
nddshortnessdofdbreath.dWhichdassessmentdshoulddthednursedcompletedfirst?
a.dSkindturgor
b.dHeartdsounds
c.dMentaldstatus
d.dCapillarydRefill
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
FOR 2025-2026 ASSURED EXCEL!!
Thednursedassessesdadsurgicaldpatientdthedmorningdofdthedfirstdpostoperativeddaydanddnotesdrednessdandd
warmthdarounddthedincision.dWhichdactiondbydthednursedisdmostdappropriate?
a.dObtaindwounddcultures.
b.dDocumentdthedassessment.
c.dNotifydthedhealthdcaredprovider.
d.dAssessdthedwounddeveryd2dhoursd-ddCORRECTdANSWERSAnswer:dBd
Rationale:dThedincisionaldrednessdanddwarmthdaredindicatorsdofdthednormaldinitiald(inflammatory)dstagedof
dwounddhealingdbydprimarydintention.
Ad24-year-
olddpatientdwhodisdreceivingdantibioticsdfordandinfecteddlegdwounddhasdadtemperaturedofd101.8°dFd(38.7°dC
).dWhichdactiondbydthednursedisdmostdappropriate?
a.dApplydadcoolingdblanket.
b.dNotifydthedhealthdcaredprovider.
c.dGivedthedprescribeddPRNdaspirind(Ascriptin)d650dmg.
d.dCheckdthedpatient'sdoraldtemperaturedagaindind4dhours.d-ddCORRECTdANSWERSAnswer:dDd
Rationale:dMilddtodmoderatedtemperaturedelevationsd(lessdthand103°dF)ddodnotdharmdthedyoungdadultdpati
entdanddmaydbenefitdhostddefensedmechanisms.dThednursedshoulddcontinuedtodmonitordthedtemperature.d
Antipyreticsdarednotdindicateddunlessdthedpatientdisdcomplainingdofdfever-
relateddsymptoms.dTheredisdnodneeddtodnotifydthedpatient'sdhealthdcaredproviderdordtodusedadcoolingdblank
etdfordadmoderatedtemperaturedelevation.
Whichdnursingdactiondisdmostdlikelydtoddetectdearlydsignsdofdinfectiondindadpatientdwhodisdtakingdimmunosu
ppressivedmedications?
a.dMonitordwhitedblooddcelldcount.
,b.dCheckdthedskindfordareasdofdredness.
c.dCheckdthedtemperaturedeveryd2dhours.
d.dAskdaboutdfatiguedordfeelingsdofdmalaise.d-ddCORRECTdANSWERSAnswer:dD
Rationale:dCommondclinicaldmanifestationsdofdinflammationdanddinfectiondaredfrequentlydnotdpresentdwh
endpatientsdreceivedimmunosuppressivedmedications.dThedearliestdmanifestationdofdandinfectiondmaydbed
"justdnotdfeelingdwell."
Whendevaluatingdthedresponsedtodtreatmentdfordadpatientdwithdadfluiddimbalance,dthedmostdimportantdass
essmentdtodincludedis
a.dskindturgor.
b.dpresencedofdedema.
c.dhourlydurinedoutput.
d.ddailydweight.d-ddCORRECTdANSWERSAnswer:dD
Rationale:dDailydweightdisdthedmostdeasilydobtaineddanddaccuratedmeansdofdassessingdvolumedstatus.dSkind
turgordvariesdconsiderablydwithdage.dConsiderabledexcessdfluiddvolumedmaydbedpresentdbeforedfluiddmove
sdintodthedinterstitialdspacedanddcausesdedema.dHourlydurinedoutputsddodnotdtakedaccountdofdfluiddintaked
ordofdfluiddlossdthroughdinsensibledloss,dsweating,dordlossdfromdthedgastrointestinaldtractdordwounds.
Whendcaringdfordandalertdanddorienteddelderlydpatientdwithdadhistorydofddehydration,dthedhomedhealthdnu
rsedwilldteachdthedpatientdtodincreasedfluiddintake
a.dwhendthedpatientdfeelsdthirsty.
b.dindthedlatedeveningdhours.
c.dasdsoondasdchangesdindLOCdoccur.
d.difdthedoraldmucosadfeelsddry.d-ddCORRECTdANSWERSAnswer:dDd
Rationale:dAndalert,delderlydpatientdwilldbedabledtodself-
assessdfordsignsdofdoralddrynessdsuchdasdthickdoraldsecretionsdorddry-
appearingdmucosa.dThedthirstdmechanismddecreasesdwithdagedanddisdnotdandaccuratedindicatordofdvolumed
depletion.dManydolderdpatientsdpreferdtodrestrictdfluidsdslightlydindthedeveningdtodimprovedsleepdquality.dT
hedpatientdwilldnotdbedlikelydtodnoticedanddactdappropriatelydwhendchangesdindLOCdoccur.
, Adpatientdisdtakingdhydrochlorothiazide,dadpotassium-
wastingddiuretic,dfordtreatmentdofdhypertension.dThednursedwilldteachdthedpatientdtodreportdsymptomsdofd
adversedeffectsdsuchdas
a.dgeneralizeddweakness.
b.dfacialdmuscledspasms.
c.dfrequentdloosedstools.
d.dpersonalitydchanges.d-ddCORRECTdANSWERSAnswer:dAd
Rationale:dGeneralizeddweaknessdprogressingdtodflacciditydisdadmanifestationdofdhypokalemia.dFacialdmusc
ledspasmsdmightdoccurdwithdhypocalcemia.dLoosedstoolsdaredassociateddwithdhyperkalemia.dPersonalitydch
angesdarednotdassociateddwithdelectrolyteddisturbances,dalthoughdchangesdindmentaldstatusdaredcommond
manifestationsdwithdsodiumdexcessdorddeficit.
Thedlong-term-
carednursedisdevaluatingdthedeffectivenessdofdproteindsupplementsdondadpatientdwhodhasdlowdserumdtotald
proteindlevel.dWhichdofdtheseddatadindicatedthatdthedpatient'sdconditiondhasdimproved?
a.dAbsencedofdperipheraldedema
b.dGooddskindturgor
c.dHematocritd28%
d.dBlooddpressured110/72dmmdHgd-ddCORRECTdANSWERSAnswer:dAd
Rationale:dEdemadisdcauseddbydlowdoncoticdpressuredindindividualsdwithdlowdserumdproteindlevels;dthedabs
encedofdedemadindicatesdandimprovementdindthedpatient'sdproteindstatus.dGooddskindturgordisdandindicator
dofdfluiddbalance,dnotdproteindstatus.dAdlowdhematocritdcoulddbedcauseddbydpoordproteindintake.dBlooddpre
ssureddoesdnotdprovidedadusefuldclinicaldtooldfordmonitoringdproteindstatus
Adnursedisdassessingdadnewlydadmitteddpatientdwithdchronicdheartdfailuredwhodforgotdtodtakedprescribeddm
edicationsdanddseemsdconfused.dThedpatientdcomplainsdofd"justdblowingdup"danddhasdperipheraldedemada
nddshortnessdofdbreath.dWhichdassessmentdshoulddthednursedcompletedfirst?
a.dSkindturgor
b.dHeartdsounds
c.dMentaldstatus
d.dCapillarydRefill
