HESI – Fundamentals Exam Question
& Answers ( Latest 2025/2026)
When turning an immobile bedridden client without
assistance, which action by the nurse best ensures client
safety?
A. Securely grasp the client's arm and leg.
B. Put bed rails up on the side of bed opposite from the
nurse.
C. Correctly position and use a turn sheet.
D. Lower the head of the client's bed slowly. - CORRECT
ANSWERS ✅B
Rationale: Because the nurse can only stand on one side
of the bed, bed rails should be up on the opposite side to
ensure that the client does not fall out of bed. Option A
can cause client injury to the skin or joint. Options C and
D are useful techniques while turning a client but have
less priority in terms of safety than use of the bed rails.
The nurse identifies a potential for infection in a client
with partial-thickness (second-degree) and full-thickness
(third-degree) burns. What intervention has the highest
priority in decreasing the client's risk of infection?
A. Administration of plasma expanders
B. Use of careful handwashing technique
C. Application of a topical antibacterial cream
,HESI – Fundamentals Exam Question
& Answers ( Latest 2025/2026)
D. Limiting visitors to the client with burns - CORRECT
ANSWERS ✅B
Rationale: Careful handwashing technique is the single
most effective intervention for the prevention of
contamination to all clients. Option A reverses the
hypovolemia that initially accompanies burn trauma but
is not related to decreasing the proliferation of infective
organisms. Options C and D are recommended by various
burn centers as possible ways to reduce the chance of
infection. Option B is a proven technique to prevent
infection.
The nurse is aware that malnutrition is a common
problem among clients served by a community health
clinic for the homeless. Which laboratory value is the
most reliable indicator of chronic protein malnutrition?
A. Low serum albumin level
B. Low serum transferrin level
C. High hemoglobin level
D. High cholesterol level - CORRECT ANSWERS ✅A
Rationale: Long-term protein deficiency is required to
cause significantly lowered serum albumin levels.
Albumin is made by the liver only when adequate
amounts of amino acids (from protein breakdown) are
available. Albumin has a long half-life, so acute protein
,HESI – Fundamentals Exam Question
& Answers ( Latest 2025/2026)
loss does not significantly alter serum levels. Option B is
a serum protein with a half-life of only 8 to 10 days, so it
will drop with an acute protein deficiency. Options C and
D are not clinical measures of protein malnutrition.
In completing a client's preoperative routine, the nurse
finds that the operative permit is not signed. The client
begins to ask more questions about the surgical
procedure. Which action should the nurse take next?
A. Witness the client's signature to the permit.
B. Answer the client's questions about the surgery.
C. Inform the surgeon that the operative permit is not
signed and the client has questions about the surgery.
D. Reassure the client that the surgeon will answer any
questions before the anesthesia is administered. -
CORRECT ANSWERS ✅C
Rationale: The surgeon should be informed immediately
that the permit is not signed. It is the surgeon's
responsibility to explain the procedure to the client and
obtain the client's signature on the permit. Although the
nurse can witness an operative permit, the procedure
must first be explained by the health care provider or
surgeon, including answering the client's questions. The
client's questions should be addressed before the permit
is signed.
, HESI – Fundamentals Exam Question
& Answers ( Latest 2025/2026)
The nurse is assessing several clients prior to surgery.
Which factor in a client's history poses the greatest threat
for complications to occur during surgery?
A. Taking birth control pills for the past 2 years
B. Taking anticoagulants for the past year
C. Recently completing antibiotic therapy
D. Having taken laxatives PRN for the last 6 months -
CORRECT ANSWERS ✅B
Rationale:
Anticoagulants increase the risk for bleeding during
surgery, which can pose a threat for the development of
surgical complications. The health care provider should
be informed that the client is taking these drugs.
Although clients who take birth control pills may be more
susceptible to the development of thrombi, such
problems usually occur postoperatively. A client with
option C or D is at less of a surgical risk than with option
B.
When assisting a client from the bed to a chair, which
procedure is best for the nurse to follow?
A. Place the chair parallel to the bed, with its back toward
the head of the bed and assist the client in moving to the
chair.
& Answers ( Latest 2025/2026)
When turning an immobile bedridden client without
assistance, which action by the nurse best ensures client
safety?
A. Securely grasp the client's arm and leg.
B. Put bed rails up on the side of bed opposite from the
nurse.
C. Correctly position and use a turn sheet.
D. Lower the head of the client's bed slowly. - CORRECT
ANSWERS ✅B
Rationale: Because the nurse can only stand on one side
of the bed, bed rails should be up on the opposite side to
ensure that the client does not fall out of bed. Option A
can cause client injury to the skin or joint. Options C and
D are useful techniques while turning a client but have
less priority in terms of safety than use of the bed rails.
The nurse identifies a potential for infection in a client
with partial-thickness (second-degree) and full-thickness
(third-degree) burns. What intervention has the highest
priority in decreasing the client's risk of infection?
A. Administration of plasma expanders
B. Use of careful handwashing technique
C. Application of a topical antibacterial cream
,HESI – Fundamentals Exam Question
& Answers ( Latest 2025/2026)
D. Limiting visitors to the client with burns - CORRECT
ANSWERS ✅B
Rationale: Careful handwashing technique is the single
most effective intervention for the prevention of
contamination to all clients. Option A reverses the
hypovolemia that initially accompanies burn trauma but
is not related to decreasing the proliferation of infective
organisms. Options C and D are recommended by various
burn centers as possible ways to reduce the chance of
infection. Option B is a proven technique to prevent
infection.
The nurse is aware that malnutrition is a common
problem among clients served by a community health
clinic for the homeless. Which laboratory value is the
most reliable indicator of chronic protein malnutrition?
A. Low serum albumin level
B. Low serum transferrin level
C. High hemoglobin level
D. High cholesterol level - CORRECT ANSWERS ✅A
Rationale: Long-term protein deficiency is required to
cause significantly lowered serum albumin levels.
Albumin is made by the liver only when adequate
amounts of amino acids (from protein breakdown) are
available. Albumin has a long half-life, so acute protein
,HESI – Fundamentals Exam Question
& Answers ( Latest 2025/2026)
loss does not significantly alter serum levels. Option B is
a serum protein with a half-life of only 8 to 10 days, so it
will drop with an acute protein deficiency. Options C and
D are not clinical measures of protein malnutrition.
In completing a client's preoperative routine, the nurse
finds that the operative permit is not signed. The client
begins to ask more questions about the surgical
procedure. Which action should the nurse take next?
A. Witness the client's signature to the permit.
B. Answer the client's questions about the surgery.
C. Inform the surgeon that the operative permit is not
signed and the client has questions about the surgery.
D. Reassure the client that the surgeon will answer any
questions before the anesthesia is administered. -
CORRECT ANSWERS ✅C
Rationale: The surgeon should be informed immediately
that the permit is not signed. It is the surgeon's
responsibility to explain the procedure to the client and
obtain the client's signature on the permit. Although the
nurse can witness an operative permit, the procedure
must first be explained by the health care provider or
surgeon, including answering the client's questions. The
client's questions should be addressed before the permit
is signed.
, HESI – Fundamentals Exam Question
& Answers ( Latest 2025/2026)
The nurse is assessing several clients prior to surgery.
Which factor in a client's history poses the greatest threat
for complications to occur during surgery?
A. Taking birth control pills for the past 2 years
B. Taking anticoagulants for the past year
C. Recently completing antibiotic therapy
D. Having taken laxatives PRN for the last 6 months -
CORRECT ANSWERS ✅B
Rationale:
Anticoagulants increase the risk for bleeding during
surgery, which can pose a threat for the development of
surgical complications. The health care provider should
be informed that the client is taking these drugs.
Although clients who take birth control pills may be more
susceptible to the development of thrombi, such
problems usually occur postoperatively. A client with
option C or D is at less of a surgical risk than with option
B.
When assisting a client from the bed to a chair, which
procedure is best for the nurse to follow?
A. Place the chair parallel to the bed, with its back toward
the head of the bed and assist the client in moving to the
chair.
