Earth and environmental science
exam
biosphere - Answer-the regions of the surface, atmosphere, and hydrosphere of the earth (or analogous
parts of other planets) occupied by living organisms.
lithosphere - Answer-the rigid outer part of the earth, consisting of the crust and upper mantle.
hydrosphere - Answer-all the waters on the earth's surface, such as lakes and seas, and sometimes
including water over the earth's surface, such as clouds.
atmosphere - Answer-the envelope of gases surrounding the earth or another planet.
astronomy - Answer-the branch of science that deals with celestial objects, space, and the physical
universe as a whole.
meterorology - Answer-the branch of science concerned with the processes and phenomena of the
atmosphere, especially as a means of forecasting the weather.
hydrology - Answer-the branch of science concerned with the properties of the earth's water, especially
its movement in relation to land.
palentology - Answer-the branch of science concerned with fossil animals and plants.
geology - Answer-earth science concerned with the solid Earth, the rocks of which it is composed, and
the processes by which they change over time.
,tectonics - Answer-large-scale processes affecting the structure of the earth's crust.
climatology - Answer-the scientific study of climate.
ecology - Answer-the branch of biology that deals with the relations of organisms to one another and to
their physical surroundings.
geochemistry - Answer-the study of the chemical composition of the earth and its rocks and minerals.
oceanography - Answer-the branch of science that deals with the physical and biological properties and
phenomena of the sea.
salt water percentage - Answer-97
freshwater percentage - Answer-3
2 gasses in earth - Answer-78% nitrogen
21% oxygen
length - Answer-meter, kilometer, millimeter, centimeter
area - Answer-square meter, square centimeter
volume - Answer-cubic centimeter, cubic meter, liter, millimeter
, mass - Answer-kilogram
weight - Answer-newton
density - Answer-gram per cubic centimeter, gram per millimeter
time - Answer-second
temperature - Answer-celsius, kelvin
Cartography - Answer-The science of mapmaking; uses imaginary grids of parallel and vertical lines to
locate points on the Earth
Equator - Answer-Circles the Earth halfway between the north and south poles
Latitude - Answer-Lines running parallel to the equator; 90
Longitude - Answer-Positions east and west directions on a map also referred to as meridian; Lines
aren't parallel but semicircles that extend vertically from the poles
Prime Meridian - Answer-Represents 0 degrees longitude; 0 degrees to 180 Degrees
International Date Line - Answer-180 degrees meridian, serves as the transition line for calendar days;
Traveling west, advance 1 day. East, move calendar back 1 day
Mercator Projection - Answer-A map that has parallel lines of latitude and longitude.
exam
biosphere - Answer-the regions of the surface, atmosphere, and hydrosphere of the earth (or analogous
parts of other planets) occupied by living organisms.
lithosphere - Answer-the rigid outer part of the earth, consisting of the crust and upper mantle.
hydrosphere - Answer-all the waters on the earth's surface, such as lakes and seas, and sometimes
including water over the earth's surface, such as clouds.
atmosphere - Answer-the envelope of gases surrounding the earth or another planet.
astronomy - Answer-the branch of science that deals with celestial objects, space, and the physical
universe as a whole.
meterorology - Answer-the branch of science concerned with the processes and phenomena of the
atmosphere, especially as a means of forecasting the weather.
hydrology - Answer-the branch of science concerned with the properties of the earth's water, especially
its movement in relation to land.
palentology - Answer-the branch of science concerned with fossil animals and plants.
geology - Answer-earth science concerned with the solid Earth, the rocks of which it is composed, and
the processes by which they change over time.
,tectonics - Answer-large-scale processes affecting the structure of the earth's crust.
climatology - Answer-the scientific study of climate.
ecology - Answer-the branch of biology that deals with the relations of organisms to one another and to
their physical surroundings.
geochemistry - Answer-the study of the chemical composition of the earth and its rocks and minerals.
oceanography - Answer-the branch of science that deals with the physical and biological properties and
phenomena of the sea.
salt water percentage - Answer-97
freshwater percentage - Answer-3
2 gasses in earth - Answer-78% nitrogen
21% oxygen
length - Answer-meter, kilometer, millimeter, centimeter
area - Answer-square meter, square centimeter
volume - Answer-cubic centimeter, cubic meter, liter, millimeter
, mass - Answer-kilogram
weight - Answer-newton
density - Answer-gram per cubic centimeter, gram per millimeter
time - Answer-second
temperature - Answer-celsius, kelvin
Cartography - Answer-The science of mapmaking; uses imaginary grids of parallel and vertical lines to
locate points on the Earth
Equator - Answer-Circles the Earth halfway between the north and south poles
Latitude - Answer-Lines running parallel to the equator; 90
Longitude - Answer-Positions east and west directions on a map also referred to as meridian; Lines
aren't parallel but semicircles that extend vertically from the poles
Prime Meridian - Answer-Represents 0 degrees longitude; 0 degrees to 180 Degrees
International Date Line - Answer-180 degrees meridian, serves as the transition line for calendar days;
Traveling west, advance 1 day. East, move calendar back 1 day
Mercator Projection - Answer-A map that has parallel lines of latitude and longitude.
