ATI Capstone Content Review- pharmacology

ATI Capstone Content Review- pharmacology ATI Capstone Content Review: Pharmacology - Tips of the Week Pharmacology can be a tough area to review. There is so much info that it can be difficult to feel confident. While it is not possible to memorize it all, having a strong knowledge base of the classifications goes a long way. The ATI pharm review book is organized by classifications. Medications in the same classification often act in similar ways. So if you don't know much about a medication, but you know what classification the medication belongs to, you will better grasp the action and purpose for the client's needs. Here are some helpful tips to help you remember some of your classifications: Antiemetics An antiemetic is a medication used in the treatment and/or prevention of nausea and vomiting. Generic names are more consistent, because their endings may be the same, whereas brand names come and go. Here are some common classes of antiemetics and their generic names – notice the similarities in the generic names: 5-HT3 receptor antagonists (serotonin antagonists) Dolasetron (Anzemet) Granisetron (Kytril, Sancuso) Ondansetron (Zofran) Tropisetron (Navoban) It's ‘Tron’ to the rescue! Dopamine antagonists Promethazine (Phenergan) prochlorperazine (Compazine) Metoclopramide (Reglan). Now this one is different in generic name because it can have some different side effects – watch for extra-pyramidal side effects with metoclopramide. Sometimes the generic names are not as helpful and you have to remember what meds fall under certain classes. Antihistamines and cannabinoids are used as antiemetics as well: Antihistamines (H1 histamine receptor antagonists) Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine) Meclizine (Bonine, Antivert) Cannabinoids Cannabis - Medical marijuana, in the U.S., it is a Schedule I drug. Dronabinol (Marinol) - a Schedule III drug in the U.S. *Remember most antiemetics can cause sedation so watch out for additive effect if given with narcotic analgesics and protect your client from injury. Bronchodilators Bronchodilators are used to treat the symptoms of asthma that result from inflammation of the bronchial passages, but they do not treat the inflammation. Therefore, most clients with asthma take an inhaled glucocorticoid concurrently to provide the best outcomes. The two most common classes of bronchodilators are beta2-adrenergic agonists and methylxanthines…………………………………………………………..CONTINUED……………………………………..