Oxygenation)NUR 109 Oxygenation| Questions & Answers|Latest Updated Solution

How does the cardiovascular system affect breathing/oxygenation? (Ans- Pulmonary and peripheral circulation Hemoglobin to CARRY oxygen on RBCs How does the neurological system affect breathing/oxygenation? (Ans- Respiratory center in brain stem How does the musculoskeletal system affect breathing/oxygenation? (Ans- Expand chest cavity: diaphragm; intercostals Pulmonary System Conditions that Impair gas exchange (Ans- Structural Abnormalities Airway Inflammation and Obstruction Alveolar-Capillary Membrane Disorders Pulmonary Circulation Disorders Pulmonary System Conditions that Impair gas exchange results in... (Ans- ↓ ventilation d/t limited inflation/expansion of lungs or alveoli ↓ gas exchange (external respiration) d/t obstruction; damage to alveolar-capillary membrane; or damage to pulmonary circulation Nervous System Conditions that Impair regulation of breathing (Ans- CNS Abnormalities Head trauma; CVA; spinal chord injury Neuromuscular Abnormalities Guillain-Barre Syndrome; ALS; Myasthenia Gravis Impaired regulation of breathing leads to... (Ans- hypoventilation => ↓ availability of O2 for exchange at level of alveoli (external respiration) => alteration of [CO2] and [O2] in blood => alterations in gas exchange at level of tissue (internal respiration) Assessment; physical exam (Ans- Inspect: Respiratory patterns Respiratory Effort/Dyspnea Chest structures & movement Skin & mucus membrane color Presence or absence of edema Sputum characteristics Palpate Pulses Skin temperature Areas of tenderness Eupnea (Ans- Normal respiratory pattern Kussmauls respiration (Ans- Respirations are abnormally deep, regular, and increased in rate. Clients who have gone into diabetic acidosis, become very acidotic and they have kussmaul's respiration to breathe off the acids. Biot's respirations (Ans- varying depth and rate of breathing, followed by periods of apnea; irregular Later in life. When someone is dying. Cheyne-Stokes respiration (Ans- pattern of breathing characterized by a gradual increase of depth and sometimes rate to a maximum level, followed by a decrease, resulting in apnea