NUR 529 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS | NEW
UPDATE 2026
Which of the following describes how the body can control its pH?
-buffer systems in the blood
-ventilatory control in the respiratory system
-metabolic control in the renal system
-all of the above - ANSWERS all of the above
which reaction is catalyzed by carbonic anhydrase?
-HPO42- + H+ <--> H2PO4-
-CO2 + H2O <--> H2CO3
-H2PO4- + OH- <--> HPO42- + H2O
-H2CO3 <--> HCO3- + H+ - ANSWERS CO2 + H2O <--> H2CO3
bicarbonate ion concentrations in the blood are controlled through the:
-digestive system
-metabolic rate of cells
-renal system
-respiratory system - ANSWERS renal system
which of the following acid-base compensation mechanisms is correctly matched
with its time course of action?
,-buffer systems: seconds
-respiratory compensation: days
-renal compensation: minutes
-these are all correct - ANSWERS buffer systems: seconds
Which pair is correctly matched?
-metabolic acidosis, increased HCO3
-respiratory acidosis, increased CO2
-metabolic alkalosis, decreased CO2
-respiratory alkalosis, decreased HCO3 - ANSWERS respiratory acidosis,
increased CO2
what compensatory response is expected for metabolic acidosis?
-hyperventilation
-hypoventilation
-bicarbonate reabsorption
-bicarbonate regeneration - ANSWERS hyperventilation
urine reagent test pad results must be interpreted in the context of which of the
following?
-urine turbidity
-urine specific gravity
-urine crystals
-urine casts - ANSWERS urine specific gravity
, which compound(s) is/are detected by the ketone urine reagent test strip pad?
-glucose
-B-hydroxybutyrate
-acetoacetate, acetone
-glucose, B-hydroxybutyrate - ANSWERS acetoacetate, acetone
which of the following is true regarding use of the UPC (urine protein:creatinine
ratio)?
-only detects protein originating from glomerular leakage
-is part of the minimum data base
-may be used in animals with a urinary tract infection
-quantitates all proteins in urine - ANSWERS quantitates all proteins in urine
a fluid that is hypotonic has:
-a similar tonicity to plasma
-a lower tonicity (osmolality) than plasma
-a higher tonicity than plasma - ANSWERS a lower tonicity (osmolality) than
plasma
intravenous administration of 1 liter of hypertonic saline would:
-increase intracellular fluid volume
-decrease intracellular fluid osmolality
-increase extracellular fluid volume
-decrease extracellular fluid osmolality - ANSWERS increase extracellular fluid
volume
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS | NEW
UPDATE 2026
Which of the following describes how the body can control its pH?
-buffer systems in the blood
-ventilatory control in the respiratory system
-metabolic control in the renal system
-all of the above - ANSWERS all of the above
which reaction is catalyzed by carbonic anhydrase?
-HPO42- + H+ <--> H2PO4-
-CO2 + H2O <--> H2CO3
-H2PO4- + OH- <--> HPO42- + H2O
-H2CO3 <--> HCO3- + H+ - ANSWERS CO2 + H2O <--> H2CO3
bicarbonate ion concentrations in the blood are controlled through the:
-digestive system
-metabolic rate of cells
-renal system
-respiratory system - ANSWERS renal system
which of the following acid-base compensation mechanisms is correctly matched
with its time course of action?
,-buffer systems: seconds
-respiratory compensation: days
-renal compensation: minutes
-these are all correct - ANSWERS buffer systems: seconds
Which pair is correctly matched?
-metabolic acidosis, increased HCO3
-respiratory acidosis, increased CO2
-metabolic alkalosis, decreased CO2
-respiratory alkalosis, decreased HCO3 - ANSWERS respiratory acidosis,
increased CO2
what compensatory response is expected for metabolic acidosis?
-hyperventilation
-hypoventilation
-bicarbonate reabsorption
-bicarbonate regeneration - ANSWERS hyperventilation
urine reagent test pad results must be interpreted in the context of which of the
following?
-urine turbidity
-urine specific gravity
-urine crystals
-urine casts - ANSWERS urine specific gravity
, which compound(s) is/are detected by the ketone urine reagent test strip pad?
-glucose
-B-hydroxybutyrate
-acetoacetate, acetone
-glucose, B-hydroxybutyrate - ANSWERS acetoacetate, acetone
which of the following is true regarding use of the UPC (urine protein:creatinine
ratio)?
-only detects protein originating from glomerular leakage
-is part of the minimum data base
-may be used in animals with a urinary tract infection
-quantitates all proteins in urine - ANSWERS quantitates all proteins in urine
a fluid that is hypotonic has:
-a similar tonicity to plasma
-a lower tonicity (osmolality) than plasma
-a higher tonicity than plasma - ANSWERS a lower tonicity (osmolality) than
plasma
intravenous administration of 1 liter of hypertonic saline would:
-increase intracellular fluid volume
-decrease intracellular fluid osmolality
-increase extracellular fluid volume
-decrease extracellular fluid osmolality - ANSWERS increase extracellular fluid
volume
