NUR 3111 Exam 2 – Questions With A+ Solutions

NUR 3111 Exam 2 – Questions With A+ Solutions

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Terms in this set (219)


- Chemical transmitters that regulate and integrate body
functions by acting on local or distant target sites
What are hormones? - Helps to regulate organ function in concert with the
nervous system, helping int finely regulate control of
organ functions

Hypothalamus releases - Corticotropin-releasing hormones (CRH)
what hormones? ( just the - Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)
names) - growth hormone- releasing hormone (GHRH)

Hypothalamus's major Pituitary hormones
action is controlling the
release of _______ ______?

What are the Anterior - Growth Hormone (GH)
Pituitary gland hormones? - Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
( just names) - Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

- Stimulates growth of bone and muscle
What does Growth
- Promotes protein synthesis and fat metabolism
hormone (GH) do?
- decreases carbohydrate metabolism

What does Stimulates synthesis and secretion of adrenal cortical
Adrenocorticotropic hormones
hormone (ACTH)?

The posterior pituitary Antidiuretic hormone (AKA vasopressin)
gland releases what
hormone? Function of this Increases water reabsorption by kidney
hormone?

- Hyposecretion of one or more pituitary hormones
- Can be caused by: tumor, infarction, trauma, radiation
Hypopituitariantism? of pituitary, etc
- The area of the pituitary impacted determines
hormone deficiencies

, Loss of all pituitary hormones


Panhypopituitarianism? RARE


think Pan- = ALL

- Treat the cause first
Hypopituitariantism is - replace deficient hormones
treated through? - educate pt about replacement hormones and
signs/symptoms of hormone deficiencies and excess

Pituitary tumors are almost ALL
______ benign?

- Oversecretion of GH (eosinophilic)
- Oversecretion of ACTH (basophilic)
Pituitary tumors can cause?
- Undersecretion of ALL pituitary hormones
(chromophobic)

Over-secretion of GH can - Gigantism
cause? - Acromegaly

Oversecretion of ACTH can Cushing's Disorder
cause?

UNDERSECRETION
90% of all tumors cause
- tumors don't produce hormones
___Under?/over?
- tumors destroy the rest of the pituitary (can't release
____secretion of all pituitary
hormones)
hormones?
- results in hypopituitariantism

- GH excess
- develops early in life, before growth plates close
What is Gigantism?
- Enlargement of all tissues/organs
- often height is 7 ft or more

Gigantism is most often pituitary hormone
caused by?

Goal is to diagnose and treat in childhood
- Hypophysectomy (removal of pituitary gland)
Gigantism treatment?
- Gamma knife to destroy pituitary hormone
- administer GH suppressing medication

- Develops in adulthood, AFTER growth plates close
What is Acromegaly? - Most common cause is pituitary tumor (benign)
- Excess GH

, - Excessive skeletal growth of
hands, feet, brow ridge, jaw,
nose, and chin; but enlargement
does involve all body tissues
- Severe headaches
Manifestations of
- Visual disturbances (optic nerve
Acromegaly?
pressure), including blindness
- Muscular weakness
- Decalcification of skeleton
- Sleep apnea
- Lowering of the voice

- Hypophysectomy
- Gamma knife destruction of tumor
How is Acromegaly
- GH suppressing medications
treated?
- education focused on treatment modalities and
lifestyle adaptation

Undersecretion of GH in Primary Pituitary Dwarfism
childhood, or before the
growth plates have closed,
results is?

Diabetes Insipidus (DI) --> insufficient ADH
What are the two
antidiuretic hormone
Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone
disorders?
(SIADH) --> Excess ADH

- Head trauma
- Neurosurgery
Causes of Diabetes
- Radiation of pituitary area of brain
Insipidus (DI)?
- Infections of CNS
- Tumor

- Thirst
- Profound urine output (>250 mL/h)
- Very dilute urine
Clinical manifestations of
- Hypovolemia signs and symptoms
Diabetes Insipidus?
- High serum osmolality
- High serum sodium
- Low urine osmolarity