UPDATE!!!2025/2026|GUARANTEED
Infant: physical development 1-4 - ANSWER 1. Height increases by 1 inch per month in
the first 6 months, and by 1 year the length has increased by 50%
2. Weight is doubled at 5 to 6 months and tripled at 12 months
3. At birth, head circumference is 33 to 35 cm, approximately 2 to 3 cm more than chest
circumference
4. By 1-2 years of age, head circumference and chest circumference are equal
Infant: physical development 5-8 - ANSWER 5. Anterior fontanel closes by 12 to 18
months
6. Posterior fontanel closes by the end of the second month
7. First primary teeth to erupt are the lower central incisors at approximately 6-10 months
8. In general, by 3 to 4 months, infants sleep 9 to 11 hours
Newborn vitals - ANSWER temp: axillary, 96.8-99 F (36-37.2 C)
HR: 120-160 bpm
Resp: 30-60 breaths/min
BP: 80-90/40-50 mm Hg
1 year old vitals - ANSWER temp: axillary, 97-99 F (36.1-37.2 C)
HR: 90-130 bpm
Resp: 20-40 breaths/min
BP: 90/56 mm Hg
1
,When/how should solid foods be introduced to infants? - ANSWER *solids (strained,
pureed, finely mashed) are introduced at 5-6 months of age
*introduce solids one at a time usually at intervals of 4-5 days to ID food allergies
*sequence of food introduction: iron-fortified rice cereal, fruits, vegetables, then meats
*eggs can be given at 12 months
Infant skills: 2-3 months - ANSWER *smiles
*turns head side to side
*cries
*follows objects
*holds head in midline
Infant skills: 4-5 months - ANSWER *grasps objects
*switches objects from hands
*rolls over for the first time
*enjoys social interaction
*begins to show memory
*aware of unfamiliar surroundings
Infant skills: 6-7 months - ANSWER *creeps
*sits with support
*imitates
*exhibits fear of strangers
*holds arms out
*frequent mood swings
*waves "bye-bye"
2
, Infant skills: 8-9 months - ANSWER *sits steadily unsupported
*crawls
*may stand while holding on
*begins to stand without help
Infant skills: 10-11 months - ANSWER *can change from prone to sitting position
*walks while holding on to furniture
*stands securely
*entertains self for periods of time
Infant skills: 12-13 months - ANSWER *walks with 1 hand held
*can take a few steps without falling
*can drink from a cup
Infant skills: 14-15 months - ANSWER *walks alone
*can crawl up stairs
*shows emotions such as anger and affection
*will explore away from mother in familiar surroundings
Infant play: birth to 3 months - ANSWER *verbal
*visual
*tactile stimuli
Infant play: 4-6 months - ANSWER initiation of actions and recognition of new
experiences
Infant play: 6-12 months - ANSWER awareness of self, imitation, repetition of
pleasurable actions
3
Infant: physical development 1-4 - ANSWER 1. Height increases by 1 inch per month in
the first 6 months, and by 1 year the length has increased by 50%
2. Weight is doubled at 5 to 6 months and tripled at 12 months
3. At birth, head circumference is 33 to 35 cm, approximately 2 to 3 cm more than chest
circumference
4. By 1-2 years of age, head circumference and chest circumference are equal
Infant: physical development 5-8 - ANSWER 5. Anterior fontanel closes by 12 to 18
months
6. Posterior fontanel closes by the end of the second month
7. First primary teeth to erupt are the lower central incisors at approximately 6-10 months
8. In general, by 3 to 4 months, infants sleep 9 to 11 hours
Newborn vitals - ANSWER temp: axillary, 96.8-99 F (36-37.2 C)
HR: 120-160 bpm
Resp: 30-60 breaths/min
BP: 80-90/40-50 mm Hg
1 year old vitals - ANSWER temp: axillary, 97-99 F (36.1-37.2 C)
HR: 90-130 bpm
Resp: 20-40 breaths/min
BP: 90/56 mm Hg
1
,When/how should solid foods be introduced to infants? - ANSWER *solids (strained,
pureed, finely mashed) are introduced at 5-6 months of age
*introduce solids one at a time usually at intervals of 4-5 days to ID food allergies
*sequence of food introduction: iron-fortified rice cereal, fruits, vegetables, then meats
*eggs can be given at 12 months
Infant skills: 2-3 months - ANSWER *smiles
*turns head side to side
*cries
*follows objects
*holds head in midline
Infant skills: 4-5 months - ANSWER *grasps objects
*switches objects from hands
*rolls over for the first time
*enjoys social interaction
*begins to show memory
*aware of unfamiliar surroundings
Infant skills: 6-7 months - ANSWER *creeps
*sits with support
*imitates
*exhibits fear of strangers
*holds arms out
*frequent mood swings
*waves "bye-bye"
2
, Infant skills: 8-9 months - ANSWER *sits steadily unsupported
*crawls
*may stand while holding on
*begins to stand without help
Infant skills: 10-11 months - ANSWER *can change from prone to sitting position
*walks while holding on to furniture
*stands securely
*entertains self for periods of time
Infant skills: 12-13 months - ANSWER *walks with 1 hand held
*can take a few steps without falling
*can drink from a cup
Infant skills: 14-15 months - ANSWER *walks alone
*can crawl up stairs
*shows emotions such as anger and affection
*will explore away from mother in familiar surroundings
Infant play: birth to 3 months - ANSWER *verbal
*visual
*tactile stimuli
Infant play: 4-6 months - ANSWER initiation of actions and recognition of new
experiences
Infant play: 6-12 months - ANSWER awareness of self, imitation, repetition of
pleasurable actions
3
