Foundations Final Exam Review
(theory) Test Questions 2025-2026 All
Answered Correct.
Philosophy - Answer A nurse writes a statement about the beliefs and values of nursing in
relation to health. Which level of knowledge did the nurse exhibit?
psychological needs - Answer A nurse is consulting with a patient who lives alone after the
death of a spouse 3 years ago. The patient who has no children and few close friends reports
good physical health but has been feeling listless. What should be the priority in nursing care for
this patient, according to Maslow's hierarchy of needs?
Air, water, and nutrition - Answer A patient is admitted to an acute care area. The patient is an
active business man who is worried about getting back to work. He has had severe diarrhea and
vomiting for the last week. He is weak, and his breathing is labored. Using Maslow's hierarchy of
needs, identify this patient's immediate priority.
Self-actualization - Answer In the pyramid of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, which need of the
patient is placed at the highest level?
Nutrition and sleep - Answer The nurse is assessing an ill geriatric patient in a nursing home.
According to Maslow's hierarchy, which of the patient's needs should the nurse plan to meet?
Maslow's hierarchy of needs - Answer The nurse is planning care for a patient diagnosed with
a mental illness. The nurse prioritizes the conditions in the patient that require immediate
attention. Which non-nursing theory best describes the nurse's thought process?
Safety and security needs - Answer A nursing student is working on her project on
Interdisciplinary Theories. A senior nurse whom the nursing student had interviewed introduces
her to an elderly woman who has been admitted to the hospital for fever. The nursing student
finds that the woman lives in a high crime area. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs,
which need is the priority for this woman?
Id - Answer A head nurse is teaching student nurses about Sigmund Freud's theory of
development. According to Freud, what is the basic instinctual impulse drive to achieve pleasure
called?
,Interdisciplinary theories - Answer To practice in today's health care environment, nurses need
a strong scientific knowledge base from nursing and other disciplines such as the physical,
social, and behavioral sciences. This statement identifies the need for which of the following?
Neuman's theory - Answer A patient is newly diagnosed with diabetes. The diagnosis has
made the patient feel stressed, and the patient eats more carbohydrates. Which theory explains
this phenomenon?
Neuman's Systems Model - Answer The nurse is caring for a patient with anxiety. Which
theory would be most helpful in relieving the patient's anxiety?
Neuman's theory - Answer A patient's laboratory report indicates that the patient has
diabetes. Upon learning the results of the laboratory test, the patient becomes stressed. The
patient tends to eat more junk foods to relieve the stress. Which theory explains this
phenomenon?
Self-administration of inhalation medication - Answer A group of researchers are conducting
research on asthma patients based on Orem's theory. What is the most probable topic of
research?
Care for and help the patient attain total self-care. - Answer A nurse is using Orem's theory
while delivering care to a patient. According to this theory, what should be the goal of the
nursing interventions?
Orem - Answer A patient with diabetes is controlling the disease with insulin and diet. The
nursing health care provider is focusing efforts to teach the patient self-management. Which of
the following nursing theories is useful in promoting self management?
Orem's theory - Answer A nurse plans to teach a diabetic patient about self-administration of
insulin injections so that the patient is able to administer his own insulin. Which nursing theory
most aptly describes this scenario?
Enabling - Answer Helping a new mother through the birthing experience demonstrates which
of Swanson's five caring processes?
Maintaining belief - Answer A patient is admitted to a hospital after a miscarriage. The nurse
offers the patient realistic optimism. Which process of care is this?
, Enabling - Answer While communicating with a patient, the nurse observes that the patient is
depressed because of an infertility problem. The nurse informs the patient that there are many
therapeutic and surgical methods to improve fertility. Which of Swanson's caring processes is
the nurse demonstrating?
Enabling - Answer A nurse is caring for a patient who has lost her husband in an accident. The
nurse is helping the patient cope with this loss in her life. Which caring process is the nurse
applying?
Knowing - Answer A 60-year-old patient is undergoing treatment for a brain tumor. The patient
is depressed due to his ailment. The nurse tries to understand the patient's feelings without
making any assumptions. Which caring process of Swanson's theory is this?
Knowing - Answer A patient is admitted to a hospital following severe pain in the abdomen.
The nurse obtains the patient's complete history and assesses the patient thoroughly. Which
process of Swanson's theory is the nurse using?
Being with - Answer A patient is talking to a nurse about being upset after receiving a cancer
diagnosis. The nurse attentively listens and touches the patient gently. Which component of
Swanson's theory does this action fulfill?
Maintaining belief - Answer Which caring process from Swanson's Middle Range Theory of
Caring is the nurse using when offering realistic optimism to a patient?
Striving to understand an event as it has meaning in the life of the patient - Answer A nurse
applies Swanson's theory of caring while attending to patients. Which definition best describes
the knowing component of Swanson's theory of caring?
Instilling faith - Answer A patient with chronic renal failure is admitted to a hospital. The
patient is very religious and carries a Bible. The nurse quotes a few lines from the Bible which
helps to reinforce the patient's beliefs. Which component of Swanson's theory has the nurse
used?
Supports the patient while performing the exercises - Answer The nurse is caring for a patient
with urinary incontinence. The nurse explains how to perform Kegel exercises to the patient.
Which action performed by the nurse comes under Swanson's caring processes of "enabling"?
(theory) Test Questions 2025-2026 All
Answered Correct.
Philosophy - Answer A nurse writes a statement about the beliefs and values of nursing in
relation to health. Which level of knowledge did the nurse exhibit?
psychological needs - Answer A nurse is consulting with a patient who lives alone after the
death of a spouse 3 years ago. The patient who has no children and few close friends reports
good physical health but has been feeling listless. What should be the priority in nursing care for
this patient, according to Maslow's hierarchy of needs?
Air, water, and nutrition - Answer A patient is admitted to an acute care area. The patient is an
active business man who is worried about getting back to work. He has had severe diarrhea and
vomiting for the last week. He is weak, and his breathing is labored. Using Maslow's hierarchy of
needs, identify this patient's immediate priority.
Self-actualization - Answer In the pyramid of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, which need of the
patient is placed at the highest level?
Nutrition and sleep - Answer The nurse is assessing an ill geriatric patient in a nursing home.
According to Maslow's hierarchy, which of the patient's needs should the nurse plan to meet?
Maslow's hierarchy of needs - Answer The nurse is planning care for a patient diagnosed with
a mental illness. The nurse prioritizes the conditions in the patient that require immediate
attention. Which non-nursing theory best describes the nurse's thought process?
Safety and security needs - Answer A nursing student is working on her project on
Interdisciplinary Theories. A senior nurse whom the nursing student had interviewed introduces
her to an elderly woman who has been admitted to the hospital for fever. The nursing student
finds that the woman lives in a high crime area. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs,
which need is the priority for this woman?
Id - Answer A head nurse is teaching student nurses about Sigmund Freud's theory of
development. According to Freud, what is the basic instinctual impulse drive to achieve pleasure
called?
,Interdisciplinary theories - Answer To practice in today's health care environment, nurses need
a strong scientific knowledge base from nursing and other disciplines such as the physical,
social, and behavioral sciences. This statement identifies the need for which of the following?
Neuman's theory - Answer A patient is newly diagnosed with diabetes. The diagnosis has
made the patient feel stressed, and the patient eats more carbohydrates. Which theory explains
this phenomenon?
Neuman's Systems Model - Answer The nurse is caring for a patient with anxiety. Which
theory would be most helpful in relieving the patient's anxiety?
Neuman's theory - Answer A patient's laboratory report indicates that the patient has
diabetes. Upon learning the results of the laboratory test, the patient becomes stressed. The
patient tends to eat more junk foods to relieve the stress. Which theory explains this
phenomenon?
Self-administration of inhalation medication - Answer A group of researchers are conducting
research on asthma patients based on Orem's theory. What is the most probable topic of
research?
Care for and help the patient attain total self-care. - Answer A nurse is using Orem's theory
while delivering care to a patient. According to this theory, what should be the goal of the
nursing interventions?
Orem - Answer A patient with diabetes is controlling the disease with insulin and diet. The
nursing health care provider is focusing efforts to teach the patient self-management. Which of
the following nursing theories is useful in promoting self management?
Orem's theory - Answer A nurse plans to teach a diabetic patient about self-administration of
insulin injections so that the patient is able to administer his own insulin. Which nursing theory
most aptly describes this scenario?
Enabling - Answer Helping a new mother through the birthing experience demonstrates which
of Swanson's five caring processes?
Maintaining belief - Answer A patient is admitted to a hospital after a miscarriage. The nurse
offers the patient realistic optimism. Which process of care is this?
, Enabling - Answer While communicating with a patient, the nurse observes that the patient is
depressed because of an infertility problem. The nurse informs the patient that there are many
therapeutic and surgical methods to improve fertility. Which of Swanson's caring processes is
the nurse demonstrating?
Enabling - Answer A nurse is caring for a patient who has lost her husband in an accident. The
nurse is helping the patient cope with this loss in her life. Which caring process is the nurse
applying?
Knowing - Answer A 60-year-old patient is undergoing treatment for a brain tumor. The patient
is depressed due to his ailment. The nurse tries to understand the patient's feelings without
making any assumptions. Which caring process of Swanson's theory is this?
Knowing - Answer A patient is admitted to a hospital following severe pain in the abdomen.
The nurse obtains the patient's complete history and assesses the patient thoroughly. Which
process of Swanson's theory is the nurse using?
Being with - Answer A patient is talking to a nurse about being upset after receiving a cancer
diagnosis. The nurse attentively listens and touches the patient gently. Which component of
Swanson's theory does this action fulfill?
Maintaining belief - Answer Which caring process from Swanson's Middle Range Theory of
Caring is the nurse using when offering realistic optimism to a patient?
Striving to understand an event as it has meaning in the life of the patient - Answer A nurse
applies Swanson's theory of caring while attending to patients. Which definition best describes
the knowing component of Swanson's theory of caring?
Instilling faith - Answer A patient with chronic renal failure is admitted to a hospital. The
patient is very religious and carries a Bible. The nurse quotes a few lines from the Bible which
helps to reinforce the patient's beliefs. Which component of Swanson's theory has the nurse
used?
Supports the patient while performing the exercises - Answer The nurse is caring for a patient
with urinary incontinence. The nurse explains how to perform Kegel exercises to the patient.
Which action performed by the nurse comes under Swanson's caring processes of "enabling"?
