Chapter01:Introductionto ImagingandRadiologicSciences
l
Adler:IntroductiontoRadiologicandI
,magingSciencesandPatientCare,8thEdition
MULTIPLECHOICE
1. Theuseofx-raystocreatea medicalimage on patientsisreferredto 8 t
l l l 8t as
a. electrocardiography.
b. radiography.
c. sonography.
d. magneticresonanceimaging.
ANS: 8 t B
Radiographyis themakingofrecordsofinternalstructuresofthebodybypassageofx-
l
raysorgammaraysthrough the body.8tTheserecords orimagesare typicallyreferredto as8tradiogra
l l l l l
8tphs.
REF: p.8t4
2. Particularcaremustbe taken when using radiationformedicalimaging.Thisistheresult of radiat 8 t
l l l l l l
8 t ion’s abilityto create
l l inhuman tissueand possiblebiochemicalchanges.
l l l
a. ionizations
b. radiowaves
c. soundwaves
d. thermalchanges
ANS: 8 t A
Someforms ofelectromagneticenergy,including x-
l l
rays,havetheabilitytoionizeatomsinmatter.8T t heseionizationshavetheabilitytodisrupttheco
8 t mposition of matterandare capableofdisruptinglifeprocesses.8tSpecialprotectionshouldbepro
l l l
8tvidedto prevent excessiveexposureto ionizingradiation.
l l l
REF: p.8t3
3. In thediagnosis of
l 8tpatient diseasestates,
l 8tphysicians 8tcan select 8tfrom an
l l l
8tarrayofmedicaldiagnosti
8tcmodalities.Afewof theseinvolve theuseofionizingenergytocreatea medicalimage.
l 8tIfaphysl l
8ticianisconcernedabout theuseofionizing radiation,heorshemaychoosetoorderanyofthefoll
l l
8towing diagnosticmodalities8E
l t XCEPT
a. thermograms.
b. medicalsonography.
c. radiography.
d. magneticresonanceimaging.
ANS: 8 t C
Radiographyinvolvestheuseofx-
rays 8tfortheproductionofmedicalimages. 8tMedicalproceduressuchas thermograms,sonograms, l
8tandmagnetic resonancescansusenonionizing energyformsandconsequentlydonotproduceion
l l
8tizationsin humantissue. 8tTheyareregardedasnonionizingmodalitiesforimagingandofferexcell
l
8tentalternativesto physiciansconcerned about radiationexposure topatients.
l l l l
, REF: 8 t pp.8t3-4
4. TheGreekphysicianHippocratesisregarded asthefatherof Westernmedicine.Allofthefollo 8 t l l
8 t wing choices representhismedicalbeliefs8tEXCEPTthe
l l
a. useofhigh ethicalstandardsofconduct.
l
b. importantmedicalvalueofsorceryand witchcraft. l
c. importanceofcloselymonitoringapatient’scondition andrecovery. l
d. valueofdietand exerciseandallowingnatureto take itscourseinrecovery.
l l l
ANS: 8 t B
TheHippocraticCorpusiswritings thattheyemphasize rationalandnaturalexplanationsforthetr
l l
8teatment ofdiseaseandreject sorceryand magic.The 8tHippocraticoathstillgovernstheethicalcon
l l l
8tductofphysicianstoday.
REF: p.8t5
5. Throughoutthe historyof medicine,remarkableachievementshavebeenrecorded.Theseeve
l l
8tnts haveledtoourcurrent understandingofthehuman organismand disease.As thisresearchc
l l l l l
8tontinues,8tmuchofitwillmostlikelyfocus on l
a. propersanitationand publichealth. l
b. immunologyandthedevelopmentofvaccines.
c. germtheoryandinfection.
d. humangenesand geneticengineering. l
ANS: 8 t D
Althoughthe Human8tGenome8tProjectisfinished,8tanalyses of the data willcontinueformanyyear
l l l l l
8ts.Thereplacementoffaultygenesthroughgenetherapyoffers promisesofcuresfora varietyofh 8 t l l
8 t ereditarydiseases,8tandthroughgeneticengineering, 8timportantpharmaceuticalscontinuetobed
8teveloped. 8tMedicalresearchwillcontinuetofocusonthegenetic codeinallcells. l
REF: p.8t6
6. Wilhelm8tC.8tRoentgen’s8tdiscoveryof―thex-
ray‖isregarded 8tas 8toneofmedicine’s most l
8tsignificantachievements.Althoughhisdiscoveryw 8tas accidental,hisearlyresearchwasso l
8tthoroughthatnosignificantfindingshave beenaddedto l
8this originaltheories.This initselfisa truetribute tothebrillianceof
l l l 8tRoentgen 8tas ascientist.
l l
8tOne 8 t ofthemost famousearlyimageshe created was8tan8tx-rayimageof his
l l l l l
a. colon.
b. laboratoryassistant’s foot. l
c. wife’s hand. l
d. kidneys.
ANS: 8 t C
November8,1895,isbelievedbyhistorianstobethedaythatRoentgencreatedthefamousimage
8tofthehandofhiswife. 8tThroughhisinvestigativemethods, 8tRoentgenidentifiedthepropertiesof
8 t x-rays.
REF: p.8t6
, 7. Avaluablex-rayprocedureusedtodiagnoseamyocardialinfarctionis
a. mammography.
b. myelography.
c. arthrography.
d. coronaryarteriography.
ANS: 8 t D
Coronaryarteriographyis an 8textremelyvaluabletoolindiagnosingatherosclerosis, 8twhich
l
8tcan bl l 8tockthe coronaryarteriesandcausea heart attack(myocardialinfarction).
l l l
8tBywayofaspecialcath 8teterwithaballoontip, 8teffectivetreatmentofatherosclerosisispossible.
8tThistreatmentofablock 8ted 8tbloodvesselistermed
8tangioplasty.Angioplastyisusedto treatpatientswithouthavingto use i l 8tnvasiveopen- l l
heart surgery.l
REF: p.8t8
8. Allofthefollowingaretrueofthe diagnosticprocedureofmammographyEXCEPT
l
a. itisveryvaluableforthedetection ofearlybreastcancers. l
b. theproceduresmaybeperformedusingageneralradiographicmachine.
c. radiographersneedtobespeciallytrainedinordertoperform mammography. l
d. radiographersmust becertified bythe ARRTtoqualifyforthemammographyexa
l l l
8 t mination.
ANS: 8 t B
Specialbreast imagingcentershavebeen builttoaccommodatethedemandformammographypr
l l 8 t
8 t ocedures.Equipment andsupplies,suchasaspeciallydesignedx-raytube8tand high-
l l
8tresolution digitalimaging detectors,8tareusedtocreatehigh-
l l
qualitybreast images.8tMammographycannotbeperformed using generalx-rayequipment.
l l l
8t REF: p.8t8
9. Tostudythebloodvesselsofthebrain,kidneys,liver,andotherorgans,contrastmaterialis8tadmi
8 t nistered intothesevesselsbyusing
l
a. catheters.
b. stents.
c. balloons.
d. none oftheabove.
l
ANS: 8 t A
Angiographyisthetermforradiologicexaminationof thebloodvesselsafterinjectionofacontr l
8tastmedium.Mostoften,thecontrastmaterialis injectedthroughacatheter,whichcan 8tbedirecte l
8td toavarietyofmajorarteries orveinsforvisualization of thesestructures.
l l l l
REF: p.8t8
10. Radiologicsciencecontinuesto beoneofthemostexciting professionsinmedicine.An 8timag
l l
8tingmodalitythat usesno ionizingradiationandtheenergyofradio waves andmagneticfield
l l l l
8 t 8 t sis
a. nuclearimaging.
b. thermography.
c. CVIT.
l
Adler:IntroductiontoRadiologicandI
,magingSciencesandPatientCare,8thEdition
MULTIPLECHOICE
1. Theuseofx-raystocreatea medicalimage on patientsisreferredto 8 t
l l l 8t as
a. electrocardiography.
b. radiography.
c. sonography.
d. magneticresonanceimaging.
ANS: 8 t B
Radiographyis themakingofrecordsofinternalstructuresofthebodybypassageofx-
l
raysorgammaraysthrough the body.8tTheserecords orimagesare typicallyreferredto as8tradiogra
l l l l l
8tphs.
REF: p.8t4
2. Particularcaremustbe taken when using radiationformedicalimaging.Thisistheresult of radiat 8 t
l l l l l l
8 t ion’s abilityto create
l l inhuman tissueand possiblebiochemicalchanges.
l l l
a. ionizations
b. radiowaves
c. soundwaves
d. thermalchanges
ANS: 8 t A
Someforms ofelectromagneticenergy,including x-
l l
rays,havetheabilitytoionizeatomsinmatter.8T t heseionizationshavetheabilitytodisrupttheco
8 t mposition of matterandare capableofdisruptinglifeprocesses.8tSpecialprotectionshouldbepro
l l l
8tvidedto prevent excessiveexposureto ionizingradiation.
l l l
REF: p.8t3
3. In thediagnosis of
l 8tpatient diseasestates,
l 8tphysicians 8tcan select 8tfrom an
l l l
8tarrayofmedicaldiagnosti
8tcmodalities.Afewof theseinvolve theuseofionizingenergytocreatea medicalimage.
l 8tIfaphysl l
8ticianisconcernedabout theuseofionizing radiation,heorshemaychoosetoorderanyofthefoll
l l
8towing diagnosticmodalities8E
l t XCEPT
a. thermograms.
b. medicalsonography.
c. radiography.
d. magneticresonanceimaging.
ANS: 8 t C
Radiographyinvolvestheuseofx-
rays 8tfortheproductionofmedicalimages. 8tMedicalproceduressuchas thermograms,sonograms, l
8tandmagnetic resonancescansusenonionizing energyformsandconsequentlydonotproduceion
l l
8tizationsin humantissue. 8tTheyareregardedasnonionizingmodalitiesforimagingandofferexcell
l
8tentalternativesto physiciansconcerned about radiationexposure topatients.
l l l l
, REF: 8 t pp.8t3-4
4. TheGreekphysicianHippocratesisregarded asthefatherof Westernmedicine.Allofthefollo 8 t l l
8 t wing choices representhismedicalbeliefs8tEXCEPTthe
l l
a. useofhigh ethicalstandardsofconduct.
l
b. importantmedicalvalueofsorceryand witchcraft. l
c. importanceofcloselymonitoringapatient’scondition andrecovery. l
d. valueofdietand exerciseandallowingnatureto take itscourseinrecovery.
l l l
ANS: 8 t B
TheHippocraticCorpusiswritings thattheyemphasize rationalandnaturalexplanationsforthetr
l l
8teatment ofdiseaseandreject sorceryand magic.The 8tHippocraticoathstillgovernstheethicalcon
l l l
8tductofphysicianstoday.
REF: p.8t5
5. Throughoutthe historyof medicine,remarkableachievementshavebeenrecorded.Theseeve
l l
8tnts haveledtoourcurrent understandingofthehuman organismand disease.As thisresearchc
l l l l l
8tontinues,8tmuchofitwillmostlikelyfocus on l
a. propersanitationand publichealth. l
b. immunologyandthedevelopmentofvaccines.
c. germtheoryandinfection.
d. humangenesand geneticengineering. l
ANS: 8 t D
Althoughthe Human8tGenome8tProjectisfinished,8tanalyses of the data willcontinueformanyyear
l l l l l
8ts.Thereplacementoffaultygenesthroughgenetherapyoffers promisesofcuresfora varietyofh 8 t l l
8 t ereditarydiseases,8tandthroughgeneticengineering, 8timportantpharmaceuticalscontinuetobed
8teveloped. 8tMedicalresearchwillcontinuetofocusonthegenetic codeinallcells. l
REF: p.8t6
6. Wilhelm8tC.8tRoentgen’s8tdiscoveryof―thex-
ray‖isregarded 8tas 8toneofmedicine’s most l
8tsignificantachievements.Althoughhisdiscoveryw 8tas accidental,hisearlyresearchwasso l
8tthoroughthatnosignificantfindingshave beenaddedto l
8this originaltheories.This initselfisa truetribute tothebrillianceof
l l l 8tRoentgen 8tas ascientist.
l l
8tOne 8 t ofthemost famousearlyimageshe created was8tan8tx-rayimageof his
l l l l l
a. colon.
b. laboratoryassistant’s foot. l
c. wife’s hand. l
d. kidneys.
ANS: 8 t C
November8,1895,isbelievedbyhistorianstobethedaythatRoentgencreatedthefamousimage
8tofthehandofhiswife. 8tThroughhisinvestigativemethods, 8tRoentgenidentifiedthepropertiesof
8 t x-rays.
REF: p.8t6
, 7. Avaluablex-rayprocedureusedtodiagnoseamyocardialinfarctionis
a. mammography.
b. myelography.
c. arthrography.
d. coronaryarteriography.
ANS: 8 t D
Coronaryarteriographyis an 8textremelyvaluabletoolindiagnosingatherosclerosis, 8twhich
l
8tcan bl l 8tockthe coronaryarteriesandcausea heart attack(myocardialinfarction).
l l l
8tBywayofaspecialcath 8teterwithaballoontip, 8teffectivetreatmentofatherosclerosisispossible.
8tThistreatmentofablock 8ted 8tbloodvesselistermed
8tangioplasty.Angioplastyisusedto treatpatientswithouthavingto use i l 8tnvasiveopen- l l
heart surgery.l
REF: p.8t8
8. Allofthefollowingaretrueofthe diagnosticprocedureofmammographyEXCEPT
l
a. itisveryvaluableforthedetection ofearlybreastcancers. l
b. theproceduresmaybeperformedusingageneralradiographicmachine.
c. radiographersneedtobespeciallytrainedinordertoperform mammography. l
d. radiographersmust becertified bythe ARRTtoqualifyforthemammographyexa
l l l
8 t mination.
ANS: 8 t B
Specialbreast imagingcentershavebeen builttoaccommodatethedemandformammographypr
l l 8 t
8 t ocedures.Equipment andsupplies,suchasaspeciallydesignedx-raytube8tand high-
l l
8tresolution digitalimaging detectors,8tareusedtocreatehigh-
l l
qualitybreast images.8tMammographycannotbeperformed using generalx-rayequipment.
l l l
8t REF: p.8t8
9. Tostudythebloodvesselsofthebrain,kidneys,liver,andotherorgans,contrastmaterialis8tadmi
8 t nistered intothesevesselsbyusing
l
a. catheters.
b. stents.
c. balloons.
d. none oftheabove.
l
ANS: 8 t A
Angiographyisthetermforradiologicexaminationof thebloodvesselsafterinjectionofacontr l
8tastmedium.Mostoften,thecontrastmaterialis injectedthroughacatheter,whichcan 8tbedirecte l
8td toavarietyofmajorarteries orveinsforvisualization of thesestructures.
l l l l
REF: p.8t8
10. Radiologicsciencecontinuesto beoneofthemostexciting professionsinmedicine.An 8timag
l l
8tingmodalitythat usesno ionizingradiationandtheenergyofradio waves andmagneticfield
l l l l
8 t 8 t sis
a. nuclearimaging.
b. thermography.
c. CVIT.
