GTC MICROBIOLOGY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED
A+
✔✔What is meant by "antigenic shift?" - ✔✔more severe changes that can cause new
pandemics
✔✔How long is the incubation time for influenza? - ✔✔up to a few days
✔✔How is this disease transmitted? - ✔✔respiratory droplets
✔✔Is there a vaccinaton? - ✔✔yes, annual flu shot
✔✔Who is most susceptible to sever RSV infections? - ✔✔children under 1 yrs old
✔✔What CPE does RSV cause? - ✔✔Synctia- large multineucleated cells in the lung
✔✔How is Hantivirus transmitted? - ✔✔inhalation of deer mouse feces
✔✔What are some complicaton of the disease? - ✔✔begins with fatigue and lethargy
then coughing to shock as lungs fill with fluid 50% mortality rate
✔✔Name the type of fungal respiratory disease obtained from chicken houses in the
Midwest: - ✔✔histoplasmosis
✔✔Name the type of fungal respiratory pneumonia that is seen in HIV patients; -
✔✔pneumocystis pneumonia- fluid forms in lungs
✔✔Why is Bacillus anthracis a concern in bioterrorism? - ✔✔its easy to grow, spores
remain airborne for up to a day therefore infecting many people at once.
✔✔What type of anthrax is the biggest concern? - ✔✔inhalation since it is most severe
causing coughing, fever, aches, nausea and lethargy caused by anthrax toxin which
kills human cells
✔✔Give examples of enzymes that acts as virulence factors for Staphyococcus
infections - ✔✔Coagulase- clots blood
hyaluronidase-breaks down hyaluronic acid
lipase-digest lipids
✔✔What is exfoliatin? What does it do? - ✔✔causes scalded skin syndrome which is a
red peeling rash also sign of toxic shock
✔✔What is a folliculitis? - ✔✔is an infection of a hair follicle in which the base of the
follicle becomes red swollen& pus filled
, ✔✔What is a furuncle? - ✔✔or boil is a large painful raised nodular extension of
folliculitis resulting from spread of the infecton into surrounding tissue
✔✔What is a carbuncle? - ✔✔when several furuncles coalesce more frequently in areas
where the skin is thick such as the back of the neck
✔✔Is Staphylococcus aureus catalase positive or negative - ✔✔catalase positive
✔✔Name two causative agents of impetigo - ✔✔Staphylcoccus aureus, Streptococcus
pyogenes
✔✔What do you call a small fluid filled blisters - ✔✔vesicles
✔✔What do you call a large fluid filled blisters - ✔✔bulla
✔✔What do you call a large flat red spots - ✔✔macule
✔✔What do call a small pus filled lesions - ✔✔pustules
✔✔Which bacteria make M-protein? What does that help with? - ✔✔Streptococcus
pyogenes, interferes with phagocytosis and lysis of the bacterium
✔✔How are Streptococcus and Staphylococcus transmitted? - ✔✔direct contact or
fomites
✔✔Name the exotoxin that causes a rash in Streptococcus infectons: - ✔✔erythrogenic
toxin
✔✔Name three other skin diseases cause by Streptococcus - ✔✔scarlet fever,
erysipelas, impetigo
✔✔How are rubella and rubeola transmitted? - ✔✔respiratory secretions
✔✔When is infection with rubella especially a concern? - ✔✔it teratogenic and can
cause congenital problem--> loss of hearing and heart problems. Especially dangerous
in first trimester of pregnancy
✔✔When are children vaccinated against rubella? - ✔✔Vaccinated with the MMR
around 1
✔✔Which infection is indicated by Koplik spots in the mouth - ✔✔measles: rubeola
A+
✔✔What is meant by "antigenic shift?" - ✔✔more severe changes that can cause new
pandemics
✔✔How long is the incubation time for influenza? - ✔✔up to a few days
✔✔How is this disease transmitted? - ✔✔respiratory droplets
✔✔Is there a vaccinaton? - ✔✔yes, annual flu shot
✔✔Who is most susceptible to sever RSV infections? - ✔✔children under 1 yrs old
✔✔What CPE does RSV cause? - ✔✔Synctia- large multineucleated cells in the lung
✔✔How is Hantivirus transmitted? - ✔✔inhalation of deer mouse feces
✔✔What are some complicaton of the disease? - ✔✔begins with fatigue and lethargy
then coughing to shock as lungs fill with fluid 50% mortality rate
✔✔Name the type of fungal respiratory disease obtained from chicken houses in the
Midwest: - ✔✔histoplasmosis
✔✔Name the type of fungal respiratory pneumonia that is seen in HIV patients; -
✔✔pneumocystis pneumonia- fluid forms in lungs
✔✔Why is Bacillus anthracis a concern in bioterrorism? - ✔✔its easy to grow, spores
remain airborne for up to a day therefore infecting many people at once.
✔✔What type of anthrax is the biggest concern? - ✔✔inhalation since it is most severe
causing coughing, fever, aches, nausea and lethargy caused by anthrax toxin which
kills human cells
✔✔Give examples of enzymes that acts as virulence factors for Staphyococcus
infections - ✔✔Coagulase- clots blood
hyaluronidase-breaks down hyaluronic acid
lipase-digest lipids
✔✔What is exfoliatin? What does it do? - ✔✔causes scalded skin syndrome which is a
red peeling rash also sign of toxic shock
✔✔What is a folliculitis? - ✔✔is an infection of a hair follicle in which the base of the
follicle becomes red swollen& pus filled
, ✔✔What is a furuncle? - ✔✔or boil is a large painful raised nodular extension of
folliculitis resulting from spread of the infecton into surrounding tissue
✔✔What is a carbuncle? - ✔✔when several furuncles coalesce more frequently in areas
where the skin is thick such as the back of the neck
✔✔Is Staphylococcus aureus catalase positive or negative - ✔✔catalase positive
✔✔Name two causative agents of impetigo - ✔✔Staphylcoccus aureus, Streptococcus
pyogenes
✔✔What do you call a small fluid filled blisters - ✔✔vesicles
✔✔What do you call a large fluid filled blisters - ✔✔bulla
✔✔What do you call a large flat red spots - ✔✔macule
✔✔What do call a small pus filled lesions - ✔✔pustules
✔✔Which bacteria make M-protein? What does that help with? - ✔✔Streptococcus
pyogenes, interferes with phagocytosis and lysis of the bacterium
✔✔How are Streptococcus and Staphylococcus transmitted? - ✔✔direct contact or
fomites
✔✔Name the exotoxin that causes a rash in Streptococcus infectons: - ✔✔erythrogenic
toxin
✔✔Name three other skin diseases cause by Streptococcus - ✔✔scarlet fever,
erysipelas, impetigo
✔✔How are rubella and rubeola transmitted? - ✔✔respiratory secretions
✔✔When is infection with rubella especially a concern? - ✔✔it teratogenic and can
cause congenital problem--> loss of hearing and heart problems. Especially dangerous
in first trimester of pregnancy
✔✔When are children vaccinated against rubella? - ✔✔Vaccinated with the MMR
around 1
✔✔Which infection is indicated by Koplik spots in the mouth - ✔✔measles: rubeola
