CRS-Exam 2 UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS

CRS-Exam 2 UPDATED ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Paradigm - CORRECT ANSWER -set of assumptions, concepts, values and practies
that constitutes a way of viewing reality



Functions of a Paradigm: - CORRECT ANSWER - determining what kinds of
problems are appropriate objects of study

-Specifying appropriate ways to study these problems

-Delimiting the types of theories and explanations that are acceptable



Paradigm Shift - CORRECT ANSWER -Thomas Kuhm, The structure of Scientific
Revulutions

-"A series of peaceful interludes punctuated by intellectually violent revolutions" in which
"one conceptual world view is replaced by another"

-A change of one way of thinking to another



Kuhn's Model of Scientific Change - CORRECT ANSWER -Paradigm 1

-Normal Science

-Anomalies

-Crisis

-Revolution

-Paradigm 2



Dominant Social Paradigm (DSP) - CORRECT ANSWER -Lower value on nature

-Compassion only for those they can see (their generation, lack of concern for other people)

-Risk acceptable in order to maximize wealth

-No limits to growth

-Present society okay
-Old politics

, New Environmental Paradigm (NEP) - CORRECT ANSWER -High value on nature

-Generalized compassion toward others
-careful plans an actions to avoid risk

-Limits to growth

-completely new society

-New Politics



Beus & Dunlap - CORRECT ANSWER - Argument: debate between adherents of
conventional and alternative ag represents a conflict of fundamentally divergent paradigms



Elements to Conventional Ag Paradigm - CORRECT ANSWER -Centralization

-Dependence

-Competition

-Domination of nature

-Specialization

-Exploitation



Elements to Alternative Ag Paradigm - CORRECT ANSWER -Decentralization

-Independence

-Community

-Harmony With Nature

-Diversity

-Restraint

Also:
-Quality of family life

-Spirituality