Genitourinary - Prostate and Bladder Disorders
1. What is the average size of the prostate gland?: - walnut sized or ping pong ball (about 30
cc)
2. Which zone of the prostate gland is MC for cancer?: MC is peripheral zone
3. What is the function of the prostate?: - produces prostatic fluid to combine with seminal vesicle
fluid to create semen
4. What is the function of the prostate smooth muscles?: - ensures that semen is expressed
through the urethra during ejaculation
5. What is the MC prostate disorder?: MC is benign prostatic hyperplasia
6. What occurs with benign prostatic hyperplasia?: - proliferation of glandular epithelial,
smooth, and connective tissue within the TRANSITIONAL zone
- increased smooth muscle tone and resistance compresses the prostatic urethra, leading to detrusor muscle instability
and bladder hyperplasia
7. Which hormone heavily influences prostatic tisue?: - DHT (dihydrotestosterone), which is
,converted from testosterone by 5-alpha reductase
8. What is testosterone produced by?: - produced by Leydig cells in the testicle
9. What type of symptoms are present with BPH?: 1. Obstructive symptoms due to mechanical
obstruction of urethral lumen or bladder neck from prostate enlargement
2. bladder outlet obstruction leads to detrusor muscle hypertrophy & hyperplasia, which leads to secondary irritative
voiding symptoms
10. What is necessary about symptoms for a diagnosis of BPH?: - symptoms occur in
absence of underlying neurologic disorder, strictures, prostatic or bladder malignancy
11. What are obstructive voiding symptoms?: - hesitancy
- decreased force/caliber of stream
- incomplete bladder emptying
- straining
- postvoid dribbling
12. What are irritative voiding symptoms?: - urgency
- frequency
- dysuria
13. What is the AUA symptom index for BPH?: Mild = 1-7
, Moderate = 8-19
Severe = 20-35
1. What is the average size of the prostate gland?: - walnut sized or ping pong ball (about 30
cc)
2. Which zone of the prostate gland is MC for cancer?: MC is peripheral zone
3. What is the function of the prostate?: - produces prostatic fluid to combine with seminal vesicle
fluid to create semen
4. What is the function of the prostate smooth muscles?: - ensures that semen is expressed
through the urethra during ejaculation
5. What is the MC prostate disorder?: MC is benign prostatic hyperplasia
6. What occurs with benign prostatic hyperplasia?: - proliferation of glandular epithelial,
smooth, and connective tissue within the TRANSITIONAL zone
- increased smooth muscle tone and resistance compresses the prostatic urethra, leading to detrusor muscle instability
and bladder hyperplasia
7. Which hormone heavily influences prostatic tisue?: - DHT (dihydrotestosterone), which is
,converted from testosterone by 5-alpha reductase
8. What is testosterone produced by?: - produced by Leydig cells in the testicle
9. What type of symptoms are present with BPH?: 1. Obstructive symptoms due to mechanical
obstruction of urethral lumen or bladder neck from prostate enlargement
2. bladder outlet obstruction leads to detrusor muscle hypertrophy & hyperplasia, which leads to secondary irritative
voiding symptoms
10. What is necessary about symptoms for a diagnosis of BPH?: - symptoms occur in
absence of underlying neurologic disorder, strictures, prostatic or bladder malignancy
11. What are obstructive voiding symptoms?: - hesitancy
- decreased force/caliber of stream
- incomplete bladder emptying
- straining
- postvoid dribbling
12. What are irritative voiding symptoms?: - urgency
- frequency
- dysuria
13. What is the AUA symptom index for BPH?: Mild = 1-7
, Moderate = 8-19
Severe = 20-35
