NR 507 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL
EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH 100%
ACCURATE ANSWERS
Academic Integrity Policy - Accurate answers Guidelines for maintaining ethical academic conduct.
Examplify - Accurate answers Software used for secure online testing.
Lower Esophageal Sphincter (LES) - Accurate answers Muscle preventing gastric acid reflux into
esophagus.
Hiatal Hernia - Accurate answers Displacement of stomach through diaphragm into thorax.
Esophageal Motility Disorders - Accurate answers Conditions affecting esophageal muscle
contractions and movement.
Heartburn - Accurate answers Burning sensation in chest due to acid reflux.
Regurgitation - Accurate answers Return of stomach contents into the mouth.
Dysphagia - Accurate answers Difficulty swallowing food or liquids.
Chest Pain - Accurate answers Discomfort that may mimic cardiac issues.
GERD Treatment - Accurate answers Includes lifestyle changes and medications like PPIs.
Warning Signs of GERD - Accurate answers Symptoms indicating potential serious complications of
GERD.
Appendicitis Pathophysiology - Accurate answers Obstruction leading to inflammation and
potential perforation.
Periumbilical Pain - Accurate answers Visceral pain from appendix distention.
RLQ Pain - Accurate answers Localized pain in right lower quadrant due to inflammation.
Leukocytosis - Accurate answers Increased white blood cells indicating infection or inflammation.
C-reactive Protein - Accurate answers Marker indicating systemic inflammation in the body.
Appendectomy - Accurate answers Surgical removal of the appendix.
Hiatal Hernia Risk Factors - Accurate answers Includes aging, obesity, and increased abdominal
pressure.
, Duodenal Ulcer - Accurate answers Ulceration in the duodenum often caused by H. pylori.
Proton Pump Inhibitors - Accurate answers Medications reducing stomach acid production.
Antacids - Accurate answers Medications neutralizing stomach acid to relieve symptoms.
H2 Receptor Antagonists - Accurate answers Drugs blocking histamine to decrease stomach acid.
Prokinetic Agents - Accurate answers Medications enhancing esophageal motility and gastric
emptying.
Gastric acid hypersecretion - Accurate answers Excessive production of gastric acid in the stomach.
Impaired mucosal defense - Accurate answers Reduced protective mechanisms in the gastric lining.
Aggressive factors - Accurate answers Elements that contribute to ulcer formation.
Defensive factors - Accurate answers Mechanisms that protect the gastric mucosa.
Chronic intermittent pain - Accurate answers Recurrent pain in the epigastric area.
Upper GI endoscopy - Accurate answers Procedure to visualize the upper gastrointestinal tract.
H. pylori testing - Accurate answers Diagnostic test for Helicobacter pylori infection.
NSAIDs - Accurate answers Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs affecting mucosal defense.
Cytoprotective agents - Accurate answers Medications that protect the gastric lining.
Peptic ulcer - Accurate answers Ulceration in the mucosal lining of the GI tract.
Mucus-bicarbonate layer - Accurate answers Protective barrier in the gastric mucosa.
Ulcerative colitis - Accurate answers Chronic inflammatory bowel disease affecting the colon.
Crohn's disease - Accurate answers Inflammatory bowel disease affecting any GI tract segment.
Transmural inflammation - Accurate answers Inflammation affecting all layers of the intestinal wall.
Cirrhosis - Accurate answers Late-stage liver scarring from chronic liver damage.
Chronic inflammation - Accurate answers Persistent inflammatory response leading to tissue
damage.
Rectal bleeding - Accurate answers Blood loss from the rectum, often due to ulcers.
Dietary changes - Accurate answers Modifications in diet to manage gastrointestinal conditions.
EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH 100%
ACCURATE ANSWERS
Academic Integrity Policy - Accurate answers Guidelines for maintaining ethical academic conduct.
Examplify - Accurate answers Software used for secure online testing.
Lower Esophageal Sphincter (LES) - Accurate answers Muscle preventing gastric acid reflux into
esophagus.
Hiatal Hernia - Accurate answers Displacement of stomach through diaphragm into thorax.
Esophageal Motility Disorders - Accurate answers Conditions affecting esophageal muscle
contractions and movement.
Heartburn - Accurate answers Burning sensation in chest due to acid reflux.
Regurgitation - Accurate answers Return of stomach contents into the mouth.
Dysphagia - Accurate answers Difficulty swallowing food or liquids.
Chest Pain - Accurate answers Discomfort that may mimic cardiac issues.
GERD Treatment - Accurate answers Includes lifestyle changes and medications like PPIs.
Warning Signs of GERD - Accurate answers Symptoms indicating potential serious complications of
GERD.
Appendicitis Pathophysiology - Accurate answers Obstruction leading to inflammation and
potential perforation.
Periumbilical Pain - Accurate answers Visceral pain from appendix distention.
RLQ Pain - Accurate answers Localized pain in right lower quadrant due to inflammation.
Leukocytosis - Accurate answers Increased white blood cells indicating infection or inflammation.
C-reactive Protein - Accurate answers Marker indicating systemic inflammation in the body.
Appendectomy - Accurate answers Surgical removal of the appendix.
Hiatal Hernia Risk Factors - Accurate answers Includes aging, obesity, and increased abdominal
pressure.
, Duodenal Ulcer - Accurate answers Ulceration in the duodenum often caused by H. pylori.
Proton Pump Inhibitors - Accurate answers Medications reducing stomach acid production.
Antacids - Accurate answers Medications neutralizing stomach acid to relieve symptoms.
H2 Receptor Antagonists - Accurate answers Drugs blocking histamine to decrease stomach acid.
Prokinetic Agents - Accurate answers Medications enhancing esophageal motility and gastric
emptying.
Gastric acid hypersecretion - Accurate answers Excessive production of gastric acid in the stomach.
Impaired mucosal defense - Accurate answers Reduced protective mechanisms in the gastric lining.
Aggressive factors - Accurate answers Elements that contribute to ulcer formation.
Defensive factors - Accurate answers Mechanisms that protect the gastric mucosa.
Chronic intermittent pain - Accurate answers Recurrent pain in the epigastric area.
Upper GI endoscopy - Accurate answers Procedure to visualize the upper gastrointestinal tract.
H. pylori testing - Accurate answers Diagnostic test for Helicobacter pylori infection.
NSAIDs - Accurate answers Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs affecting mucosal defense.
Cytoprotective agents - Accurate answers Medications that protect the gastric lining.
Peptic ulcer - Accurate answers Ulceration in the mucosal lining of the GI tract.
Mucus-bicarbonate layer - Accurate answers Protective barrier in the gastric mucosa.
Ulcerative colitis - Accurate answers Chronic inflammatory bowel disease affecting the colon.
Crohn's disease - Accurate answers Inflammatory bowel disease affecting any GI tract segment.
Transmural inflammation - Accurate answers Inflammation affecting all layers of the intestinal wall.
Cirrhosis - Accurate answers Late-stage liver scarring from chronic liver damage.
Chronic inflammation - Accurate answers Persistent inflammatory response leading to tissue
damage.
Rectal bleeding - Accurate answers Blood loss from the rectum, often due to ulcers.
Dietary changes - Accurate answers Modifications in diet to manage gastrointestinal conditions.
