Med-Surg (NR325) Adult Health II Final
Exam 2026 Questions and Answers
Neurological Diagnostic Procedures - Correct answer--Cerebral angiography
-cerebral computed tomography (CT) scan
-Electroencephalography (EEG)
-Glasgow coma Scale (GCS)
-ICP monitoring
-spinal tap
-MRI
-Positron emission tomography (PET)
-single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)
-radiography (x-ray)
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,cerebral angiography - Correct answer-*indications*: assesses bloodflow to/within
brain, identifies aneurysms, defines tumor vascularity, can be used to inject
medications
*intraprocedure*
-catheter placed into artery (groin/neck), dye injected, x-rays taken
-catheter removed once pics are finished, closure device/pressure held over artery
to control bleeding by forming a thrombus and sealing the artery off.
Nursing considerations pre-cerebral angiography - Correct answer--weigh benefits
before allowing preg patient to continue
-instruct client: NPO 4-6 hrs before and void right before
-assess for allergies
-obtain hx of bleeding/anticoags
-assess BUN/creatinine to determine ability to excrete dye
-ensure they're wearing 0 jewelry
-mild relaxing sedative sometimes administered, vitals monitored during.
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,-client will feel warmth through face and taste something metallic as dye is
injected
Nursing considerations post-cerebral angiography - Correct answer--closely
monitor area to ensure proper clotting
-restrict client's movements depending on procedure used to seal artery
-place ice pack on insertion site
*complications*
-risk for bleeding/hematoma @ site so
--check frequently
--if bleeding occurs, apply pressure & call HCP
-check extremity distal to puncture site for adequate circulation
Intracranial pressure - Correct answer--normal is 10-15 mmHg, elevation
minimizes cerebral circulation and can lead to brain death
-monitoring is done for ID/treatment of > ICP.
-patients with GCS scores 8 or lower are candidates
-*s/s increased ICP:*
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, -severe headache
-irritability
-dilated pupils
-slowness
-breathing alterations
-motor fxn deterioriateion
-abnormal posturing
Lumbar puncture (spinal tap) - Correct answer--small amount of CSF withdrawn
from spinal canal and analyzed for constituents
-used to detect presence of diseases (MS, syphilis, meningitis), reduce CSF
pressure, administer meds/chemo, instill medium/air for diagnostics
*possible complications*: brain herniation, bleeding that compresses spinal cord if
PT on anticoags.
Nursing considerations pre-lumbar tap - Correct answer--ensure all PT jewelry
gone
-instruct PT to void before
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 4
Exam 2026 Questions and Answers
Neurological Diagnostic Procedures - Correct answer--Cerebral angiography
-cerebral computed tomography (CT) scan
-Electroencephalography (EEG)
-Glasgow coma Scale (GCS)
-ICP monitoring
-spinal tap
-MRI
-Positron emission tomography (PET)
-single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)
-radiography (x-ray)
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,cerebral angiography - Correct answer-*indications*: assesses bloodflow to/within
brain, identifies aneurysms, defines tumor vascularity, can be used to inject
medications
*intraprocedure*
-catheter placed into artery (groin/neck), dye injected, x-rays taken
-catheter removed once pics are finished, closure device/pressure held over artery
to control bleeding by forming a thrombus and sealing the artery off.
Nursing considerations pre-cerebral angiography - Correct answer--weigh benefits
before allowing preg patient to continue
-instruct client: NPO 4-6 hrs before and void right before
-assess for allergies
-obtain hx of bleeding/anticoags
-assess BUN/creatinine to determine ability to excrete dye
-ensure they're wearing 0 jewelry
-mild relaxing sedative sometimes administered, vitals monitored during.
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
,-client will feel warmth through face and taste something metallic as dye is
injected
Nursing considerations post-cerebral angiography - Correct answer--closely
monitor area to ensure proper clotting
-restrict client's movements depending on procedure used to seal artery
-place ice pack on insertion site
*complications*
-risk for bleeding/hematoma @ site so
--check frequently
--if bleeding occurs, apply pressure & call HCP
-check extremity distal to puncture site for adequate circulation
Intracranial pressure - Correct answer--normal is 10-15 mmHg, elevation
minimizes cerebral circulation and can lead to brain death
-monitoring is done for ID/treatment of > ICP.
-patients with GCS scores 8 or lower are candidates
-*s/s increased ICP:*
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
, -severe headache
-irritability
-dilated pupils
-slowness
-breathing alterations
-motor fxn deterioriateion
-abnormal posturing
Lumbar puncture (spinal tap) - Correct answer--small amount of CSF withdrawn
from spinal canal and analyzed for constituents
-used to detect presence of diseases (MS, syphilis, meningitis), reduce CSF
pressure, administer meds/chemo, instill medium/air for diagnostics
*possible complications*: brain herniation, bleeding that compresses spinal cord if
PT on anticoags.
Nursing considerations pre-lumbar tap - Correct answer--ensure all PT jewelry
gone
-instruct PT to void before
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 4
