PHAR 100 – Midterm Exam Part 1 Questions AND Correct
Answers
100mg/dL = ______ % - ✔✔0.1%
2 types of doping using the blood: - ✔✔-Blood doping: re-
infusion of one's own RBC's before performance
-EPO (erythropoietin: hormone increases # of RBC's produced
by body = incr oxygen-carrying capacity of blood
3 main characteristics of addictive drugs - ✔✔1. increase
dopamine (CNS stims., opiates)
2. produce novelty (i.e. LSD, MDMA)
3. Reduce anxiety
(i.e. benzodiazepines /barbituates)
4 drugs that bind to Cl- channels - ✔✔1. Benzodiazepines
(anti-anxiety)
2. Flumazepil (treats benzo overdose)
3. Zolpidem (very sedative)
4. Barbituates (anesthesia, seizures)
,5 general reasons for variation in drug response - ✔✔-genetic
factors
-enviro factors
-other diseases
-altered physiological state
-multiple drugs taken
Absorption of alcohol (where, rate) - ✔✔-ethanol absorbed
rapidly from stomach + sm. intestine
-rate affected by: stomach emptying time, [ethanol] in GI,
presence of food
-last drink: max [blood alc] is 30-90 mins
Absorption of nicotine - ✔✔very small particles = rapid
absorption
occurs in GI tract, oral mucosa + across skin
Abuse liability and dependance of caffeine - ✔✔low liability
("high" = mild), dependence: abruption will result in
headaches, fatigue
,Abuse potential and inherent harmfulness of amphetamines -
✔✔high - water soluble saline forms give a rapid and intense
response
high harmful - long-term toxicities and users lifestyle
Acetylcholine (NT) - type of receptor, binds to what, -
✔✔excitatory CNS response, binds to cholinergic receptors
(nicotinic or muscarinic)
Acomprosate - ✔✔Treats alcoholism: GABA activator -
ethanol substitute, has not proven good relapse results
ADH becomes saturated (rate-liming) at ____ - ✔✔@ 20mg
alc/100 mL blood
Advantages of benzodiazpines over barbituates - ✔✔-wide
spectrum of use
-more selective in action
-dont depress gluatmatergic system
-high therapeutic index
-low effect on REM sleep
-less resp. depression
, -low abuse liability
-less severe w/drawal
Alchohol MOA - ✔✔-binds to Cl- ion channel
-increases GABA mediated neuronal inhibition
Alcohol abuse (liability, tolerance, dependance) - ✔✔-
moderate liability (ease of avail, social/legal acceptance)
-tolerance occurs w/ chronic use
-dependance yes: w/drawal = CNS excitability (arousal,
stimulation)
All drug classes cause tolerance, dependance, and addiction
(to an extent).... except _________ - ✔✔hallucinogens (don't
cause dependance)
Anabolic steroid effects in females - ✔✔can experience some
androgenic effects (facial hair, deeper voice, coarser
skin/acne)
Anabolic steroid effects in males - ✔✔low-mod doses: modest
effects
Answers
100mg/dL = ______ % - ✔✔0.1%
2 types of doping using the blood: - ✔✔-Blood doping: re-
infusion of one's own RBC's before performance
-EPO (erythropoietin: hormone increases # of RBC's produced
by body = incr oxygen-carrying capacity of blood
3 main characteristics of addictive drugs - ✔✔1. increase
dopamine (CNS stims., opiates)
2. produce novelty (i.e. LSD, MDMA)
3. Reduce anxiety
(i.e. benzodiazepines /barbituates)
4 drugs that bind to Cl- channels - ✔✔1. Benzodiazepines
(anti-anxiety)
2. Flumazepil (treats benzo overdose)
3. Zolpidem (very sedative)
4. Barbituates (anesthesia, seizures)
,5 general reasons for variation in drug response - ✔✔-genetic
factors
-enviro factors
-other diseases
-altered physiological state
-multiple drugs taken
Absorption of alcohol (where, rate) - ✔✔-ethanol absorbed
rapidly from stomach + sm. intestine
-rate affected by: stomach emptying time, [ethanol] in GI,
presence of food
-last drink: max [blood alc] is 30-90 mins
Absorption of nicotine - ✔✔very small particles = rapid
absorption
occurs in GI tract, oral mucosa + across skin
Abuse liability and dependance of caffeine - ✔✔low liability
("high" = mild), dependence: abruption will result in
headaches, fatigue
,Abuse potential and inherent harmfulness of amphetamines -
✔✔high - water soluble saline forms give a rapid and intense
response
high harmful - long-term toxicities and users lifestyle
Acetylcholine (NT) - type of receptor, binds to what, -
✔✔excitatory CNS response, binds to cholinergic receptors
(nicotinic or muscarinic)
Acomprosate - ✔✔Treats alcoholism: GABA activator -
ethanol substitute, has not proven good relapse results
ADH becomes saturated (rate-liming) at ____ - ✔✔@ 20mg
alc/100 mL blood
Advantages of benzodiazpines over barbituates - ✔✔-wide
spectrum of use
-more selective in action
-dont depress gluatmatergic system
-high therapeutic index
-low effect on REM sleep
-less resp. depression
, -low abuse liability
-less severe w/drawal
Alchohol MOA - ✔✔-binds to Cl- ion channel
-increases GABA mediated neuronal inhibition
Alcohol abuse (liability, tolerance, dependance) - ✔✔-
moderate liability (ease of avail, social/legal acceptance)
-tolerance occurs w/ chronic use
-dependance yes: w/drawal = CNS excitability (arousal,
stimulation)
All drug classes cause tolerance, dependance, and addiction
(to an extent).... except _________ - ✔✔hallucinogens (don't
cause dependance)
Anabolic steroid effects in females - ✔✔can experience some
androgenic effects (facial hair, deeper voice, coarser
skin/acne)
Anabolic steroid effects in males - ✔✔low-mod doses: modest
effects
