10/31/25, 3:19 PM Saunders NCLEX-RN
Saunders NCLEX-RN NEWEST VERSION WITH
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ACCURATE
DETAILED ANSWERS \\VERIFIED 100%
ALREADY GRADED A+
what is the antidote for acetylcysteine
acetaminophen?
opioids should not be 12 breaths per minute, bradycardia (hold med and notify HCP)
given if a client's
respiratory rate is less than
____________________ , or
if
_ ____ develops.
normal serum sodium value 135-145 mEq/L
maintains osmotic pressure and acid-base balance, and
function of sodium
assists in the transmission of nerve impulses
normal potassium value 3.5-5 mEq/L
*regulates water balance, electrical conduction in
function of potassium
muscle cells, and acid-base balance
/ 1/145
,10/31/25, 3:19 PM Saunders NCLEX-RN
*28-35 seconds
activated partial
*should be between 1.5 and 2.5 normal when receiving haparin
thromboplastin time (aPTT)
therapy
*if value is prolonged (longer than 87.5 seconds), initiate bleeding
procautions
how well the coagulation sequence is functioning,
what does aPTT evaluate?
usually used to monitor effectiveness of heparin
therapy, and to screen for coagulation disorders
11-12.5 seconds
should be between 1.5 and 2.5 times normal when receiving
protrombin time (PT) anticoagulation therapy
*if PT is longer than 32 seconds, and INR is greater than
3, initiate bleeding precautions
*the amount of time it takes for clot formation
what does PT evaluate?
*used to monitor response to warfarin sodium therapy
diets high in green leafy vegetables can increase the
how do green leafy vegetables
affect PT? absorption of vitamin K, which shortens the PT
*a frequently used test to measure the effects of some
INR anticoagulants
*2-3 for standard warfarin therapy
*3-4.5 for high dose warfarin therapy
platelet count 150,000-400,000
how do high altitudes, these situations increase platelet count
chronic cold weather,
and exercise affect
platelet count?
male: 14-18 g/dL (140-180 mmol/L)
hemoglobin
female: 12-16 g/dL (120-160 mmol/L)
the main component of erythrocytes and serves as a
what is hemoglobin?
vehicle for transporting oxygen and CO2
male: 42%-52%
hematocrit
female: 37%-47%
represents red blood cell mass and is in important
what is hematocrit?
measurement in the presence of anemia or
polycythemia
male 4.5-6.2 million
RBCs
female 4-5.5 million
WBC 5,000-10,000
/ 2/145
,10/31/25, 3:19 PM Saunders NCLEX-RN
in a WBC count, what does a that an increased number of immature neutrophils is present in
"shift to the left" mean? the blood
in a WBC count, what does a that cells have more than the usual number of nuclear
"shift to the right" mean? segments; found in liver disease, down syndrome, and
megaloblastic and pernicious anemia
chloride 98-107
male 65-175
iron
female 50-170
*26-174
*enzyme found in muscle and brain tissue that reflects
creatine kinase
tissue catabolism resulting from cell trauma
*test is performed to detects myocardial or skeletal muscle
damage, or CNS damage
*140-280 units/L
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)
*levels rise about 24 hours after a MI
*< 0.6 mg/mL
Troponin I
*> 1.5 indicated MI
/ 3/145
, 10/31/25, 3:19 PM Saunders NCLEX-RN
* <0.1 ng/mL
Troponin T
* anything greater indicates MI
< 90 mcg/L
myoglobin
elevation could indicate MI
atrial natriuretic peptides 22-27 pg/mL
(ANP)
brain natriuretic peptides less than 100 pg/mL
*BNP
*the higher the BNP level, the more severe the CHF
natriuretic peptide most
*in the presence of an elevated BNP, dyspnea is due to
indicative of CHF
CHF; if BNP is normal, dyspnea is due to pulmonary
problem
3.4-5 g/dL
albumin
presence in urine indicates renal dysfunction
alkaline phosphatase 4.5-13 king-armstrong units/dL
10-80 mcg/dL
ammonia
elevated levels indicated hepatic dysfunction, and may lead to
encephalophathy
4-6 international units/L
alanine aminotransferase (ALT)
used to identify and/or monitor hepatocellular disease of the
liver
0-35 units/L
aspartate aminotransferase
(AST) used to evaluated hepatocellular disesase
25-151 units/L
amylase
level is greatly elevated in pancreatitis
10-140 units/L
lipase
elevated levels occur in pancreatic disorders
direct (conjugated): 0-
0.3 mg/dL indirect
bilirubin
(unconjugated): 0.1-1
mg/dL total: lower than
1.5 mg/dL elevated
levels indicate jaundice
how do oral contraceptives they may increase the lipid level
affect lipid levels?
yes. instruct client to abstain from food and fluids
does a lipid test require
fasting? (except water) for 12-14 hours before test, and to
abstain from alcohol for 24 hours before the test.
total cholesterol less than 200 mg/dL (<5.2 mmol/L)
/ 4/145
Saunders NCLEX-RN NEWEST VERSION WITH
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ACCURATE
DETAILED ANSWERS \\VERIFIED 100%
ALREADY GRADED A+
what is the antidote for acetylcysteine
acetaminophen?
opioids should not be 12 breaths per minute, bradycardia (hold med and notify HCP)
given if a client's
respiratory rate is less than
____________________ , or
if
_ ____ develops.
normal serum sodium value 135-145 mEq/L
maintains osmotic pressure and acid-base balance, and
function of sodium
assists in the transmission of nerve impulses
normal potassium value 3.5-5 mEq/L
*regulates water balance, electrical conduction in
function of potassium
muscle cells, and acid-base balance
/ 1/145
,10/31/25, 3:19 PM Saunders NCLEX-RN
*28-35 seconds
activated partial
*should be between 1.5 and 2.5 normal when receiving haparin
thromboplastin time (aPTT)
therapy
*if value is prolonged (longer than 87.5 seconds), initiate bleeding
procautions
how well the coagulation sequence is functioning,
what does aPTT evaluate?
usually used to monitor effectiveness of heparin
therapy, and to screen for coagulation disorders
11-12.5 seconds
should be between 1.5 and 2.5 times normal when receiving
protrombin time (PT) anticoagulation therapy
*if PT is longer than 32 seconds, and INR is greater than
3, initiate bleeding precautions
*the amount of time it takes for clot formation
what does PT evaluate?
*used to monitor response to warfarin sodium therapy
diets high in green leafy vegetables can increase the
how do green leafy vegetables
affect PT? absorption of vitamin K, which shortens the PT
*a frequently used test to measure the effects of some
INR anticoagulants
*2-3 for standard warfarin therapy
*3-4.5 for high dose warfarin therapy
platelet count 150,000-400,000
how do high altitudes, these situations increase platelet count
chronic cold weather,
and exercise affect
platelet count?
male: 14-18 g/dL (140-180 mmol/L)
hemoglobin
female: 12-16 g/dL (120-160 mmol/L)
the main component of erythrocytes and serves as a
what is hemoglobin?
vehicle for transporting oxygen and CO2
male: 42%-52%
hematocrit
female: 37%-47%
represents red blood cell mass and is in important
what is hematocrit?
measurement in the presence of anemia or
polycythemia
male 4.5-6.2 million
RBCs
female 4-5.5 million
WBC 5,000-10,000
/ 2/145
,10/31/25, 3:19 PM Saunders NCLEX-RN
in a WBC count, what does a that an increased number of immature neutrophils is present in
"shift to the left" mean? the blood
in a WBC count, what does a that cells have more than the usual number of nuclear
"shift to the right" mean? segments; found in liver disease, down syndrome, and
megaloblastic and pernicious anemia
chloride 98-107
male 65-175
iron
female 50-170
*26-174
*enzyme found in muscle and brain tissue that reflects
creatine kinase
tissue catabolism resulting from cell trauma
*test is performed to detects myocardial or skeletal muscle
damage, or CNS damage
*140-280 units/L
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)
*levels rise about 24 hours after a MI
*< 0.6 mg/mL
Troponin I
*> 1.5 indicated MI
/ 3/145
, 10/31/25, 3:19 PM Saunders NCLEX-RN
* <0.1 ng/mL
Troponin T
* anything greater indicates MI
< 90 mcg/L
myoglobin
elevation could indicate MI
atrial natriuretic peptides 22-27 pg/mL
(ANP)
brain natriuretic peptides less than 100 pg/mL
*BNP
*the higher the BNP level, the more severe the CHF
natriuretic peptide most
*in the presence of an elevated BNP, dyspnea is due to
indicative of CHF
CHF; if BNP is normal, dyspnea is due to pulmonary
problem
3.4-5 g/dL
albumin
presence in urine indicates renal dysfunction
alkaline phosphatase 4.5-13 king-armstrong units/dL
10-80 mcg/dL
ammonia
elevated levels indicated hepatic dysfunction, and may lead to
encephalophathy
4-6 international units/L
alanine aminotransferase (ALT)
used to identify and/or monitor hepatocellular disease of the
liver
0-35 units/L
aspartate aminotransferase
(AST) used to evaluated hepatocellular disesase
25-151 units/L
amylase
level is greatly elevated in pancreatitis
10-140 units/L
lipase
elevated levels occur in pancreatic disorders
direct (conjugated): 0-
0.3 mg/dL indirect
bilirubin
(unconjugated): 0.1-1
mg/dL total: lower than
1.5 mg/dL elevated
levels indicate jaundice
how do oral contraceptives they may increase the lipid level
affect lipid levels?
yes. instruct client to abstain from food and fluids
does a lipid test require
fasting? (except water) for 12-14 hours before test, and to
abstain from alcohol for 24 hours before the test.
total cholesterol less than 200 mg/dL (<5.2 mmol/L)
/ 4/145
