(_Leifer_ Introduction to Maternity and Pediatric Nursing, 9th Edition test bank A+: 2026).
Chapter 01 multiple-choice and multiple-response questions
Leifer: Introduction to Maternity and Pediatric Nursing, 9th Edition.
Multiple Choice
1. A patient decides to receive care from a certified nurse-midwife (CNM) during
pregnancy. Which of the following is included in the CNM’s scope of practice?
a. Independent practice without physician supervision
b. Complete prenatal and postnatal care
c. Attending every delivery
d. Performing cesarean sections
Answer: B – CNMs provide comprehensive prenatal and postnatal care, attend
uncomplicated deliveries, and have a backup physician available for complications.
2. Which medical figure discovered that puerperal fever was linked to physicians’
unwashed hands?
a. Karl Credé
b. Ignaz Semmelweis
c. Louis Pasteur
d. Joseph Lister
Answer: B – Semmelweis concluded that puerperal fever was contagious and
transmitted via unwashed hands.
3. A newly immigrated pregnant patient expresses fear about childbirth, saying, “I am
afraid I might die.” Which nurse response best demonstrates cultural sensitivity?
a. “Maternal mortality in the U.S. is very low.”
b. “You can have anesthesia to reduce labor pain.”
c. “Can you tell me more about why you feel afraid?”
d. “We will monitor your condition during labor.”
Answer: C – Asking about her concerns fosters understanding and individualized
care.
4. An urban area reports a high perinatal mortality rate. What does this rate measure?
a. Maternal and infant deaths per 100,000 live births
b. Deaths of fetuses over 500 g per 10,000 births
c. Infant deaths up to 1 year per 1,000 live births
d. Fetal and neonatal deaths per 1,000 live births
Answer: D – Perinatal mortality includes both fetal and neonatal deaths per 1,000
live births per year.
5. What is the current primary goal of maternity care?
a. Ensuring most women give birth in hospitals
b. Supporting the traditional family unit
c. Separating labor and delivery rooms
d. Creating a high-quality family experience for each patient
Answer: D – Modern maternity care focuses on the family experience rather than
solely clinical measures.
3/23/2026, 4:41:40 PM 3/23/2026, 4:41:35 PM 3/23/2026, 4:41:34 PM
, (_Leifer_ Introduction to Maternity and Pediatric Nursing, 9th Edition test bank A+: 2026).
6. Who promoted the creation of the federal Children’s Bureau?
a. Lillian Wald
b. Florence Nightingale
c. Florence Kelley
d. Clara Barton
Answer: A – Wald suggested establishing the Children’s Bureau to improve child
welfare.
7. What was a key outcome of the Children’s Bureau’s research during the 1930s?
a. Pediatric cardiologists for heart conditions
b. The Child Abuse Prevention Act
c. School hot lunch programs
d. Founding children’s asylums
Answer: C – Research on children’s nutrition during the Depression led to school
lunch programs.
8. Which program was developed to provide educational opportunities for
preschoolers?
a. WIC
b. Medicaid Title XIX
c. Children’s Charter
d. Head Start
Answer: D – Head Start aimed to increase preschool educational exposure.
9. What type of guideline establishes multidisciplinary care with expected outcomes and
timelines?
a. Clinical pathways
b. Nursing outcome criteria
c. Standards of care
d. Nursing care plans
Answer: A – Clinical pathways outline collaborative care, progress, and timelines
across disciplines.
10. After a nursing student gathers admission data, interviews the mother, and reviews
the pediatric patient’s chart, what is the next step in planning a care plan?
a. Identify measurable outcomes with timelines
b. Select specific nursing interventions
c. Determine nursing diagnoses
d. Define actions based on the medical diagnosis
Answer: C – Assessment data informs nursing diagnoses, which guide outcomes
and interventions.
11. A student asks where to find the scope of practice for an LVN/LPN. Which resource is
appropriate?
a. American Nurses Association
b. State Board of Nursing
c. Joint Commission
d. Association of Women’s Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses
Answer: B – Each state board defines LVN/LPN scope of practice.
12. What did Karl Credé recommend in 1884 to prevent blindness in newborns?
a. Hospital delivery for all women
b. Chemical infection prevention
c. Podalic version on all fetuses
3/23/2026, 4:41:40 PM 3/23/2026, 4:41:35 PM 3/23/2026, 4:41:34 PM
, (_Leifer_ Introduction to Maternity and Pediatric Nursing, 9th Edition test bank A+: 2026).
d. 2% silver nitrate in the eyes of newborns
Answer: D – Silver nitrate was used to reduce eye infections in newborns.
13. What is the purpose of the White House Conference on Children and Youth?
a. Define normal growth patterns
b. Track minority births
c. Fund rural well-child clinics
d. Promote comprehensive child welfare
Answer: D – Held every 10 years to improve child welfare policies.
14. How long does current legislation allow for postpartum hospitalization after an
uncomplicated vaginal birth?
a. 24 hours
b. 48 hours
c. 36 hours
d. 72 hours
Answer: B – Vaginal birth patients typically stay 48 hours; cesarean births ~4 days.
15. How do clinical/critical pathways enhance care quality?
a. List diagnosis-specific interventions
b. Define expected progress with timelines
c. Prioritize nursing diagnoses
d. Describe common complications
Answer: B – Pathways outline progress and identify deviations (variances).
16. A patient asks about gene therapy. Which response is most accurate?
a. Can replace missing genes
b. Evaluates parent genes
c. Changes fetal sex
d. Supports regeneration of defective genes
Answer: A – Gene therapy replaces missing or defective genes.
17. How do DRGs reduce healthcare costs?
a. Payment is based on diagnosis
b. Require two medical opinions
c. Organize HMOs
d. Define hospitalization criteria
Answer: A – Diagnosis determines payment and length of stay.
18. Why is electronic charting more effective than handwritten charting?
a. Uniform charting style
b. Requires specific responses before progressing
c. Reflects the care plan automatically
d. Requires daily audits by the charge nurse
Answer: B – Certain inputs must be completed, ensuring comprehensive
documentation.
19. In family-centered care, what term describes giving families control over decisions?
a. Empowerment
b. Insight
c. Regulation
d. Organization
Answer: A – Empowerment allows families to manage healthcare decisions.
20. How many weeks of unpaid leave does FMLA allow for childbirth recovery or family
care?
3/23/2026, 4:41:40 PM 3/23/2026, 4:41:35 PM 3/23/2026, 4:41:34 PM
, (_Leifer_ Introduction to Maternity and Pediatric Nursing, 9th Edition test bank A+: 2026).
a. 4
b. 6
c. 10
d. 12
Answer: D – Employees may take 12 weeks without losing benefits/pay.
21. What term describes a nurse who adapts care to diverse cultures?
a. Culturally aware
b. Culturally sensitive
c. Culturally competent
d. Culturally adaptive
Answer: C – Cultural competence allows adaptation to patient needs.
22. One major benefit of applying critical thinking in nursing is:
a. Problem-free care
b. Limited care approaches
c. Less assessment required
d. Prevention of problems
Answer: D – Critical thinking helps prevent issues in care delivery.
Multiple Response
1. Which services can birthing centers provide? (Select all that apply)
a. Prenatal care
b. Labor and delivery services
c. Classes for new mothers
d. Adoption referrals
e. Family planning
Answer: A, B, C, E – Birthing centers offer care, education, and family planning, but
not adoption services.
2. What developments in the early 1900s encouraged women to give birth in hospitals?
(Select all that apply)
a. Specialized obstetric instruments
b. Anesthesia use
c. Closer physician–hospital relationships
d. Family-centered care focus
e. Insurance coverage
Answer: A, B, C – Instruments, anesthesia, and physician reliance on hospitals
promoted hospitalization.
3. Which non-family-centered hospital policies existed in the 1960s? (Select all that
apply)
a. Separate waiting rooms for fathers
b. Sedation of mothers during labor
c. Delayed mother-infant reunions
d. Lenient visiting hours
e. Restrictions for minor children visitors
3/23/2026, 4:41:40 PM 3/23/2026, 4:41:35 PM 3/23/2026, 4:41:34 PM
Chapter 01 multiple-choice and multiple-response questions
Leifer: Introduction to Maternity and Pediatric Nursing, 9th Edition.
Multiple Choice
1. A patient decides to receive care from a certified nurse-midwife (CNM) during
pregnancy. Which of the following is included in the CNM’s scope of practice?
a. Independent practice without physician supervision
b. Complete prenatal and postnatal care
c. Attending every delivery
d. Performing cesarean sections
Answer: B – CNMs provide comprehensive prenatal and postnatal care, attend
uncomplicated deliveries, and have a backup physician available for complications.
2. Which medical figure discovered that puerperal fever was linked to physicians’
unwashed hands?
a. Karl Credé
b. Ignaz Semmelweis
c. Louis Pasteur
d. Joseph Lister
Answer: B – Semmelweis concluded that puerperal fever was contagious and
transmitted via unwashed hands.
3. A newly immigrated pregnant patient expresses fear about childbirth, saying, “I am
afraid I might die.” Which nurse response best demonstrates cultural sensitivity?
a. “Maternal mortality in the U.S. is very low.”
b. “You can have anesthesia to reduce labor pain.”
c. “Can you tell me more about why you feel afraid?”
d. “We will monitor your condition during labor.”
Answer: C – Asking about her concerns fosters understanding and individualized
care.
4. An urban area reports a high perinatal mortality rate. What does this rate measure?
a. Maternal and infant deaths per 100,000 live births
b. Deaths of fetuses over 500 g per 10,000 births
c. Infant deaths up to 1 year per 1,000 live births
d. Fetal and neonatal deaths per 1,000 live births
Answer: D – Perinatal mortality includes both fetal and neonatal deaths per 1,000
live births per year.
5. What is the current primary goal of maternity care?
a. Ensuring most women give birth in hospitals
b. Supporting the traditional family unit
c. Separating labor and delivery rooms
d. Creating a high-quality family experience for each patient
Answer: D – Modern maternity care focuses on the family experience rather than
solely clinical measures.
3/23/2026, 4:41:40 PM 3/23/2026, 4:41:35 PM 3/23/2026, 4:41:34 PM
, (_Leifer_ Introduction to Maternity and Pediatric Nursing, 9th Edition test bank A+: 2026).
6. Who promoted the creation of the federal Children’s Bureau?
a. Lillian Wald
b. Florence Nightingale
c. Florence Kelley
d. Clara Barton
Answer: A – Wald suggested establishing the Children’s Bureau to improve child
welfare.
7. What was a key outcome of the Children’s Bureau’s research during the 1930s?
a. Pediatric cardiologists for heart conditions
b. The Child Abuse Prevention Act
c. School hot lunch programs
d. Founding children’s asylums
Answer: C – Research on children’s nutrition during the Depression led to school
lunch programs.
8. Which program was developed to provide educational opportunities for
preschoolers?
a. WIC
b. Medicaid Title XIX
c. Children’s Charter
d. Head Start
Answer: D – Head Start aimed to increase preschool educational exposure.
9. What type of guideline establishes multidisciplinary care with expected outcomes and
timelines?
a. Clinical pathways
b. Nursing outcome criteria
c. Standards of care
d. Nursing care plans
Answer: A – Clinical pathways outline collaborative care, progress, and timelines
across disciplines.
10. After a nursing student gathers admission data, interviews the mother, and reviews
the pediatric patient’s chart, what is the next step in planning a care plan?
a. Identify measurable outcomes with timelines
b. Select specific nursing interventions
c. Determine nursing diagnoses
d. Define actions based on the medical diagnosis
Answer: C – Assessment data informs nursing diagnoses, which guide outcomes
and interventions.
11. A student asks where to find the scope of practice for an LVN/LPN. Which resource is
appropriate?
a. American Nurses Association
b. State Board of Nursing
c. Joint Commission
d. Association of Women’s Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses
Answer: B – Each state board defines LVN/LPN scope of practice.
12. What did Karl Credé recommend in 1884 to prevent blindness in newborns?
a. Hospital delivery for all women
b. Chemical infection prevention
c. Podalic version on all fetuses
3/23/2026, 4:41:40 PM 3/23/2026, 4:41:35 PM 3/23/2026, 4:41:34 PM
, (_Leifer_ Introduction to Maternity and Pediatric Nursing, 9th Edition test bank A+: 2026).
d. 2% silver nitrate in the eyes of newborns
Answer: D – Silver nitrate was used to reduce eye infections in newborns.
13. What is the purpose of the White House Conference on Children and Youth?
a. Define normal growth patterns
b. Track minority births
c. Fund rural well-child clinics
d. Promote comprehensive child welfare
Answer: D – Held every 10 years to improve child welfare policies.
14. How long does current legislation allow for postpartum hospitalization after an
uncomplicated vaginal birth?
a. 24 hours
b. 48 hours
c. 36 hours
d. 72 hours
Answer: B – Vaginal birth patients typically stay 48 hours; cesarean births ~4 days.
15. How do clinical/critical pathways enhance care quality?
a. List diagnosis-specific interventions
b. Define expected progress with timelines
c. Prioritize nursing diagnoses
d. Describe common complications
Answer: B – Pathways outline progress and identify deviations (variances).
16. A patient asks about gene therapy. Which response is most accurate?
a. Can replace missing genes
b. Evaluates parent genes
c. Changes fetal sex
d. Supports regeneration of defective genes
Answer: A – Gene therapy replaces missing or defective genes.
17. How do DRGs reduce healthcare costs?
a. Payment is based on diagnosis
b. Require two medical opinions
c. Organize HMOs
d. Define hospitalization criteria
Answer: A – Diagnosis determines payment and length of stay.
18. Why is electronic charting more effective than handwritten charting?
a. Uniform charting style
b. Requires specific responses before progressing
c. Reflects the care plan automatically
d. Requires daily audits by the charge nurse
Answer: B – Certain inputs must be completed, ensuring comprehensive
documentation.
19. In family-centered care, what term describes giving families control over decisions?
a. Empowerment
b. Insight
c. Regulation
d. Organization
Answer: A – Empowerment allows families to manage healthcare decisions.
20. How many weeks of unpaid leave does FMLA allow for childbirth recovery or family
care?
3/23/2026, 4:41:40 PM 3/23/2026, 4:41:35 PM 3/23/2026, 4:41:34 PM
, (_Leifer_ Introduction to Maternity and Pediatric Nursing, 9th Edition test bank A+: 2026).
a. 4
b. 6
c. 10
d. 12
Answer: D – Employees may take 12 weeks without losing benefits/pay.
21. What term describes a nurse who adapts care to diverse cultures?
a. Culturally aware
b. Culturally sensitive
c. Culturally competent
d. Culturally adaptive
Answer: C – Cultural competence allows adaptation to patient needs.
22. One major benefit of applying critical thinking in nursing is:
a. Problem-free care
b. Limited care approaches
c. Less assessment required
d. Prevention of problems
Answer: D – Critical thinking helps prevent issues in care delivery.
Multiple Response
1. Which services can birthing centers provide? (Select all that apply)
a. Prenatal care
b. Labor and delivery services
c. Classes for new mothers
d. Adoption referrals
e. Family planning
Answer: A, B, C, E – Birthing centers offer care, education, and family planning, but
not adoption services.
2. What developments in the early 1900s encouraged women to give birth in hospitals?
(Select all that apply)
a. Specialized obstetric instruments
b. Anesthesia use
c. Closer physician–hospital relationships
d. Family-centered care focus
e. Insurance coverage
Answer: A, B, C – Instruments, anesthesia, and physician reliance on hospitals
promoted hospitalization.
3. Which non-family-centered hospital policies existed in the 1960s? (Select all that
apply)
a. Separate waiting rooms for fathers
b. Sedation of mothers during labor
c. Delayed mother-infant reunions
d. Lenient visiting hours
e. Restrictions for minor children visitors
3/23/2026, 4:41:40 PM 3/23/2026, 4:41:35 PM 3/23/2026, 4:41:34 PM
