GCSE Biology Questions and Answers – Perfect for
Last-Minute Revision [updated 2025]
1. What are the parts of an animal (and plant) cell?
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Cell membrane
Mitochondria
2. What are parts of a plant cell?
Rigid cell wall
Large vacuole
Chloroplasts
(nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane and mitochondria)
3. What does the nucleus do?
Contains DNA that controls what the cell does
4. What does the cytoplasm do?
Its a gel-like substance where most of the chemical reactions happpen
5. What does the cell membrane do?
Holds the cell together and controls what goes in and out
,6. What does the mitochondria do?
This is where most of the reactions for respiration take place. Respiration
releases energy that the cell needs to work.
7. What does the rigid cell wall do?
It is made up of cellulose and it gives support for the cell
8. What does the large vacuole do?
Contains cell sap, a weak solution of sugar and salts
9. What do chloroplasts do?
This is where photosynthesis occurs. They contain a green substance called
chlorophyll.
10.What are the features of a bacteria cell?
Chromosomal DNA
Plasmids
Flagellum
Cell wall
11.What is chromosomal DNA?
, Chromosomal DNA controls the cells activities and replication. It floats free
in the cytoplasm.
12.What are plasmids?
Plasmids are small loops of extra DNA that aren't part of the chromosome.
Plasmids contain genes for things like drug resistance and can be passed
between bacteria.
13.What is the flagellum?
The flagellum is a long, hair-like structure that rotates to make the bacterium
move.
14.What does the cell wall do?
Support the cell
15.What is magnification?
How much bigger the image is that the specimen
16.How do you work out magnification?
length of image / length of specimen
17.What is the difference between light microscopes and electron microscopes?
Last-Minute Revision [updated 2025]
1. What are the parts of an animal (and plant) cell?
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Cell membrane
Mitochondria
2. What are parts of a plant cell?
Rigid cell wall
Large vacuole
Chloroplasts
(nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane and mitochondria)
3. What does the nucleus do?
Contains DNA that controls what the cell does
4. What does the cytoplasm do?
Its a gel-like substance where most of the chemical reactions happpen
5. What does the cell membrane do?
Holds the cell together and controls what goes in and out
,6. What does the mitochondria do?
This is where most of the reactions for respiration take place. Respiration
releases energy that the cell needs to work.
7. What does the rigid cell wall do?
It is made up of cellulose and it gives support for the cell
8. What does the large vacuole do?
Contains cell sap, a weak solution of sugar and salts
9. What do chloroplasts do?
This is where photosynthesis occurs. They contain a green substance called
chlorophyll.
10.What are the features of a bacteria cell?
Chromosomal DNA
Plasmids
Flagellum
Cell wall
11.What is chromosomal DNA?
, Chromosomal DNA controls the cells activities and replication. It floats free
in the cytoplasm.
12.What are plasmids?
Plasmids are small loops of extra DNA that aren't part of the chromosome.
Plasmids contain genes for things like drug resistance and can be passed
between bacteria.
13.What is the flagellum?
The flagellum is a long, hair-like structure that rotates to make the bacterium
move.
14.What does the cell wall do?
Support the cell
15.What is magnification?
How much bigger the image is that the specimen
16.How do you work out magnification?
length of image / length of specimen
17.What is the difference between light microscopes and electron microscopes?
