Sergeant Exam NFLST Questions and Answers Verified 100% Correct

Sergeant Exam NFLST Questions and Answers Verified 100% Correct Expectancy - ANSWER -Bias when witness is not completely positive of an ANSWER. They'll give an ANSWER they would expect, or assume. Coerced - internalized confession - ANSWER -False confession where innocent suspect made to believe they committed the crime where people develop a distrust of their own memory. Voluntary confession - ANSWER -Give false confession without provocation Coerced compliant confession - ANSWER -Confess after lengthy interrogation process and think the short term outweighs long term (being released on bail and getting high vs. having to go to prison later) Free and voluntary rule - ANSWER -can't beat a suspect into a confession, or threaten violence McNabb v. United States - ANSWER -Must not be "unnecessary delay" in the production of the suspect before a magistrate. Confession was gained during this delay, and the subsequent confession was inadmissible despite it being given freely and voluntarily. From this case came the "delay in arraignment" rule. Berghuis v. Thomkins - ANSWER -5th amendment case involving Miranda v. Arizona. Suspect was advised of rights, didn't sign the form, but agreed to speak with detectives. Confession given, and was later admissible by Supreme Court. Algor mortis - ANSWER -body cooling - inaccurate way of determining time of death Ocular change - ANSWER -cornea becomes cloudy within 2 hours of less if eyes are open Ocular change (closed) - ANSWER -if eyes closed, 12-24 hours, 3rd postmortem day, eyes become opaque Rigor mortis - ANSWER -rigidity occurs within 1-3 hours. Complete rigor in 10 15 hours after jaw and knee locked. After 24-36 hours the muscles begin to relax in the same order they stiffened. Livor mortis - ANSWER -pooling of blood inside the skin, can look like bruising, evident within 30 minutes to 2 hours, "fixed" after 8-12 hours, Before it being fixed, the livor mortis may move around the body. Decomposition - ANSWER -A body decomposing above ground for a week looks similar to a body that has been under water for 2 weeks or has been buried for six weeks. Forensic entomologist - ANSWER -test bugs on Entrance wound - ANSWER -sinks temporarily then regains elasticity Contusion ring - ANSWER -forms around the entrance of a bullet hole in a human Contact bullet wound - ANSWER -leaves charring of the skin, black splotches around the entrance of the bullet Incise and Stab wounds - ANSWER -Normally if fatal, incise or "cutting" wounds found in the throat area Incise and Stab wounds II Most commonly found on face, arms, and legs. - ANSWER -Stabbing normally fatal if hits an organ Close proximity of stab wounds - ANSWER -normally indicates incapacitation at the time of the attack (intox, held down, asleep) Lacerations - ANSWER -caused by blunt objects and create abnormally shaped cuts. Battered child syndrome - ANSWER -Physical abuse to children. Most common weapons are belts and electric chords. Burn injuries - ANSWER -make up 10% of child abuse. Infants commonly burned by water for not responding to toilet training. Scald burns - ANSWER -most common deliberate type of burn, and are caused by heating a liquid and immersing the child in the liquid. Also called immersion burns. Immersion burns - ANSWER -the depth of the burn is uniform and there are "water lines" and possible bruising on the child where they were held into the liquid Sparing - ANSWER -describing what a child does when their hand is forcibly inserted into a burning liquid. They will close their hand to "spare" the inside of the palm. Spill/splash injuries - ANSWER -hot liquid falls onto child Contact burns - ANSWER -something hot held against the skin. Cigarette and electric steam iron burns are the most common. Branding burns - ANSWER -Much deeper than an accidental collision with the hot object. SIDS (sudden infant death syndrome) - ANSWER -Most common in infants 1 week to 1 year - leading cause of death in this age range Smothering children - ANSWER -the 2nd most likely methodology in child homicides Suspect is a stranger in a child death - ANSWER -16% of child deaths attributed to strangers Blunt force trauma - ANSWER -Normally blamed as "fell out of bed" or off their bike or down the stairs if victim is a child Coup-countercoup - ANSWER -term to describe the point of impact of the brain to the subdural wall of the skull after the initial blow of the blunt object. Brain continues to move inside the skull and impacts other side creating a subdural hematoma. Shaking baby syndrome (SBS) - ANSWER -normally occurs after incessant crying, baby shook back and forth resulting in lazy affect in the eyes and blue lips.