ENT Board Review High Yield Facts Exam With
Complete Solutions
Rust ring on the cornea may indicate this... - ANSWER metallic foreign body in eye
Pt presents with chemical burn (acid/alkali) to the eye. How long should the eye be
irrigated? - ANSWER 30 minutes minumum with sterile water or NS
Form of radiography for suspected blowout fracture of the maxillary, palatine or
zygomatic bones - ANSWER CT, keep pt calm and try to avoid sneezing, icepacks,
antibiotics (prophylactically) and nasal decongestants.
Tx for corneal abrasion - ANSWER topical anesthetic for immediate relief and search for
FB, saline irrigation to loosen debris, abtibiotic ointment (gentamicin or sulfacetamide),
Tylenol for pain relief. Patching for no longer than 24 hrs. Daily f/u.
Dendritic lesion seen on fluorecein staining... - ANSWER Herpes Keratitis
Tx of suspected corneal ulcer - ANSWER Referred to ophthalmologist
Lesion stained and cultured
Avoid topical steroids - potential cause of further perforation
Retinal detachment most commonly begins in this location - ANSWER Superior temporal
retinal area
How should you position a pt with suspected retinal detachment - ANSWER Supine with
their head turned towards the side of detachment
What is the leading cause of irreversible central vision loss - ANSWER Macular
, degeneration
An amsler's grid may be used to evaluate vision in pts with this disease - ANSWER
Macular degeneration - metamophopsia is the phenomenon of wavy or distoreted vision
and can be measured with the grid.
What are the three main causes of central retina artery occulsion? - ANSWER emboli,
thormobotic or vasculitides
Sudden painless marked unilateral loss of vision... - ANSWER central retinal artery
occlusion
Tx for CRAO? - ANSWER Emrgent ophthl. referral. Pt in recumbent position, ocular
massage, vessel dilation and paracentesis to save the eye, w/u + manage
atherosclerosis and arrhythmia.
On fundoscopy you notice retinal pallor, arteriolar narrowing, separation of arterial flow
(box-carring), retinal edema and perifoveal atrophy (cherry red spot) - ANSWER central
retinal artery occlusion
APD, optic disc swelling and "blood and thunder" retina (dilated retinal veins,
hemorrhages, edema and exudates) - ANSWER central retinal vein occlusion
fundo - diffuse arteriolar narrowing, AV nicking, copper or silver wiring - ANSWER
hypertensive retinopathy
What is the leading cause of blindness in adults in the US? - ANSWER Diabetic
retinopathy
How often should a diabetic have a yearly eye exam? - ANSWER Annually
Complete Solutions
Rust ring on the cornea may indicate this... - ANSWER metallic foreign body in eye
Pt presents with chemical burn (acid/alkali) to the eye. How long should the eye be
irrigated? - ANSWER 30 minutes minumum with sterile water or NS
Form of radiography for suspected blowout fracture of the maxillary, palatine or
zygomatic bones - ANSWER CT, keep pt calm and try to avoid sneezing, icepacks,
antibiotics (prophylactically) and nasal decongestants.
Tx for corneal abrasion - ANSWER topical anesthetic for immediate relief and search for
FB, saline irrigation to loosen debris, abtibiotic ointment (gentamicin or sulfacetamide),
Tylenol for pain relief. Patching for no longer than 24 hrs. Daily f/u.
Dendritic lesion seen on fluorecein staining... - ANSWER Herpes Keratitis
Tx of suspected corneal ulcer - ANSWER Referred to ophthalmologist
Lesion stained and cultured
Avoid topical steroids - potential cause of further perforation
Retinal detachment most commonly begins in this location - ANSWER Superior temporal
retinal area
How should you position a pt with suspected retinal detachment - ANSWER Supine with
their head turned towards the side of detachment
What is the leading cause of irreversible central vision loss - ANSWER Macular
, degeneration
An amsler's grid may be used to evaluate vision in pts with this disease - ANSWER
Macular degeneration - metamophopsia is the phenomenon of wavy or distoreted vision
and can be measured with the grid.
What are the three main causes of central retina artery occulsion? - ANSWER emboli,
thormobotic or vasculitides
Sudden painless marked unilateral loss of vision... - ANSWER central retinal artery
occlusion
Tx for CRAO? - ANSWER Emrgent ophthl. referral. Pt in recumbent position, ocular
massage, vessel dilation and paracentesis to save the eye, w/u + manage
atherosclerosis and arrhythmia.
On fundoscopy you notice retinal pallor, arteriolar narrowing, separation of arterial flow
(box-carring), retinal edema and perifoveal atrophy (cherry red spot) - ANSWER central
retinal artery occlusion
APD, optic disc swelling and "blood and thunder" retina (dilated retinal veins,
hemorrhages, edema and exudates) - ANSWER central retinal vein occlusion
fundo - diffuse arteriolar narrowing, AV nicking, copper or silver wiring - ANSWER
hypertensive retinopathy
What is the leading cause of blindness in adults in the US? - ANSWER Diabetic
retinopathy
How often should a diabetic have a yearly eye exam? - ANSWER Annually
