,COMPUTER SIXTH EDITION
NETWORKING
A Top-Down Approach
James F. Kurose
University of Massachusetts, Amherst
Keith W. Ross
Polytechnic Institute of NYU
Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River
Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montréal Toronto
Delhi Mexico City São Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo
,Vice President and Editorial Director, ECS: Art Director, Cover: Anthony Gemmellaro
Marcia Horton Art Coordinator: Janet Theurer/
Editor in Chief: Michael Hirsch Theurer Briggs Design
Editorial Assistant: Emma Snider Art Studio: Patrice Rossi Calkin/
Vice President Marketing: Patrice Jones Rossi Illustration and Design
Marketing Manager: Yez Alayan Cover Designer: Liz Harasymcuk
Marketing Coordinator: Kathryn Ferranti Text Designer: Joyce Cosentino Wells
Vice President and Director of Production: Cover Image: ©Fancy/Alamy
Vince O’Brien Media Editor: Dan Sandin
Managing Editor: Jeff Holcomb Full-Service Vendor: PreMediaGlobal
Senior Production Project Manager: Senior Project Manager: Andrea Stefanowicz
Marilyn Lloyd Printer/Binder: Edwards Brothers
Manufacturing Manager: Nick Sklitsis Cover Printer: Lehigh-Phoenix Color
Operations Specialist: Lisa McDowell
This book was composed in Quark. Basal font is Times. Display font is Berkeley.
Copyright © 2013, 2010, 2008, 2005, 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as
Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This
publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the pub-
lisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission
in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or like-
wise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written
request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper
Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290.
Many of the designations by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are
claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and the publisher was
aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in initial caps or all caps.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Kurose, James F.
Computer networking : a top-down approach / James F. Kurose, Keith W. Ross.—6th ed.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN-13: 978-0-13-285620-1
ISBN-10: 0-13-285620-4
1. Internet. 2. Computer networks. I. Ross, Keith W., 1956- II. Title.
TK5105.875.I57K88 2012
004.6—dc23
2011048215
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
ISBN-10: 0-13-285620-4
ISBN-13: 978-0-13-285620-1
, About the Authors
Jim Kurose
Jim Kurose is a Distinguished University Professor of Computer Science at the
University of Massachusetts, Amherst.
Dr. Kurose has received a number of recognitions for his educational
activities including Outstanding Teacher Awards from the National
Technological University (eight times), the University of Massachusetts, and
the Northeast Association of Graduate Schools. He received the IEEE Taylor
Booth Education Medal and was recognized for his leadership of
Massachusetts’ Commonwealth Information Technology Initiative. He has
been the recipient of a GE Fellowship, an IBM Faculty Development Award,
and a Lilly Teaching Fellowship.
Dr. Kurose is a former Editor-in-Chief of IEEE Transactions on
Communications and of IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking. He has
been active in the program committees for IEEE Infocom, ACM SIGCOMM,
ACM Internet Measurement Conference, and ACM SIGMETRICS for a
number of years and has served as Technical Program Co-Chair for those
conferences. He is a Fellow of the IEEE and the ACM. His research interests
include network protocols and architecture, network measurement, sensor
networks, multimedia communication, and modeling and performance
evaluation. He holds a PhD in Computer Science from Columbia University.
Keith Ross
Keith Ross is the Leonard J. Shustek Chair Professor and Head of the Computer
Science Department at Polytechnic Institute of NYU. Before joining NYU-Poly in
2003, he was a professor at the University of Pennsylvania (13 years) and a
professor at Eurecom Institute (5 years). He received a B.S.E.E from Tufts
University, a M.S.E.E. from Columbia University, and a Ph.D. in Computer and
Control Engineering from The University of Michigan. Keith Ross is also the
founder and original CEO of Wimba, which develops online multimedia
applications for e-learning and was acquired by Blackboard in 2010.
Professor Ross’s research interests are in security and privacy, social networks,
peer-to-peer networking, Internet measurement, video streaming, content distribution
networks, and stochastic modeling. He is an IEEE Fellow, recipient of the Infocom
2009 Best Paper Award, and recipient of 2011 and 2008 Best Paper Awards
for Multimedia Communications (awarded by IEEE Communications Society). He
has served on numerous journal editorial boards and conference program commit-
tees, including IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, ACM SIGCOMM, ACM
CoNext, and ACM Internet Measurement Conference. He also has served as an
advisor to the Federal Trade Commission on P2P file sharing. iii
NETWORKING
A Top-Down Approach
James F. Kurose
University of Massachusetts, Amherst
Keith W. Ross
Polytechnic Institute of NYU
Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River
Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montréal Toronto
Delhi Mexico City São Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo
,Vice President and Editorial Director, ECS: Art Director, Cover: Anthony Gemmellaro
Marcia Horton Art Coordinator: Janet Theurer/
Editor in Chief: Michael Hirsch Theurer Briggs Design
Editorial Assistant: Emma Snider Art Studio: Patrice Rossi Calkin/
Vice President Marketing: Patrice Jones Rossi Illustration and Design
Marketing Manager: Yez Alayan Cover Designer: Liz Harasymcuk
Marketing Coordinator: Kathryn Ferranti Text Designer: Joyce Cosentino Wells
Vice President and Director of Production: Cover Image: ©Fancy/Alamy
Vince O’Brien Media Editor: Dan Sandin
Managing Editor: Jeff Holcomb Full-Service Vendor: PreMediaGlobal
Senior Production Project Manager: Senior Project Manager: Andrea Stefanowicz
Marilyn Lloyd Printer/Binder: Edwards Brothers
Manufacturing Manager: Nick Sklitsis Cover Printer: Lehigh-Phoenix Color
Operations Specialist: Lisa McDowell
This book was composed in Quark. Basal font is Times. Display font is Berkeley.
Copyright © 2013, 2010, 2008, 2005, 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as
Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This
publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the pub-
lisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission
in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or like-
wise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written
request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper
Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290.
Many of the designations by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are
claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and the publisher was
aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in initial caps or all caps.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Kurose, James F.
Computer networking : a top-down approach / James F. Kurose, Keith W. Ross.—6th ed.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN-13: 978-0-13-285620-1
ISBN-10: 0-13-285620-4
1. Internet. 2. Computer networks. I. Ross, Keith W., 1956- II. Title.
TK5105.875.I57K88 2012
004.6—dc23
2011048215
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
ISBN-10: 0-13-285620-4
ISBN-13: 978-0-13-285620-1
, About the Authors
Jim Kurose
Jim Kurose is a Distinguished University Professor of Computer Science at the
University of Massachusetts, Amherst.
Dr. Kurose has received a number of recognitions for his educational
activities including Outstanding Teacher Awards from the National
Technological University (eight times), the University of Massachusetts, and
the Northeast Association of Graduate Schools. He received the IEEE Taylor
Booth Education Medal and was recognized for his leadership of
Massachusetts’ Commonwealth Information Technology Initiative. He has
been the recipient of a GE Fellowship, an IBM Faculty Development Award,
and a Lilly Teaching Fellowship.
Dr. Kurose is a former Editor-in-Chief of IEEE Transactions on
Communications and of IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking. He has
been active in the program committees for IEEE Infocom, ACM SIGCOMM,
ACM Internet Measurement Conference, and ACM SIGMETRICS for a
number of years and has served as Technical Program Co-Chair for those
conferences. He is a Fellow of the IEEE and the ACM. His research interests
include network protocols and architecture, network measurement, sensor
networks, multimedia communication, and modeling and performance
evaluation. He holds a PhD in Computer Science from Columbia University.
Keith Ross
Keith Ross is the Leonard J. Shustek Chair Professor and Head of the Computer
Science Department at Polytechnic Institute of NYU. Before joining NYU-Poly in
2003, he was a professor at the University of Pennsylvania (13 years) and a
professor at Eurecom Institute (5 years). He received a B.S.E.E from Tufts
University, a M.S.E.E. from Columbia University, and a Ph.D. in Computer and
Control Engineering from The University of Michigan. Keith Ross is also the
founder and original CEO of Wimba, which develops online multimedia
applications for e-learning and was acquired by Blackboard in 2010.
Professor Ross’s research interests are in security and privacy, social networks,
peer-to-peer networking, Internet measurement, video streaming, content distribution
networks, and stochastic modeling. He is an IEEE Fellow, recipient of the Infocom
2009 Best Paper Award, and recipient of 2011 and 2008 Best Paper Awards
for Multimedia Communications (awarded by IEEE Communications Society). He
has served on numerous journal editorial boards and conference program commit-
tees, including IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, ACM SIGCOMM, ACM
CoNext, and ACM Internet Measurement Conference. He also has served as an
advisor to the Federal Trade Commission on P2P file sharing. iii
