HESI FUNDAMENTALS Questions with Detailed
Verified Answers
When caring for a client who is receiving enteral feedings, the nurse would take which
measure to prevent aspiration?
A. Elevate the head of the bed between 30 and 45 degrees
B. Decrease flow rate at night
C. Check for residual daily
D. Irrigate regularly with warm tap water Ans: A. Elevate the head of the bed between
30 and 45 degrees
Rationale:
To prevent aspiration, the nurse would keep the head of the bed elevated between 30
and 45 degrees. Elevating the head any higher causes increased sacral pressure and
increases the risk of skin breakdown. Decreasing low rate, checking for residual, and
irrigating regularly will not prevent aspiration.
Which caring intervention helps to provide comfort, dignity, respect, and peace to a
client?
A. Listening
B. Spiritual caring
C. Providing presence
D. Relieving pain and suffering Ans: D. Relieving pain and suffering
,Rationale:
Relieving pain and suffering is not just about giving medications but includes providing
comfort, dignity, respect, and peace to a client. Listening helps clients find balance
between their own life values, goals, and belief systems. Providing presence helps
convey closeness and a sense of caring.
Which step in the nursing process would involve promoting a safe environment for the
client?
A. Planning
B. Diagnosis
C. Assessment
D. Implementation Ans: D. Implementation
Rationale:
The nurse promotes a safe environment during the implementation stage of the
nursing process. During the planning stage, the nurse develops an individualized care
plan for the client. The plan contains strategies and alternatives to achieve specific
outcomes. During the diagnosis stage, the nurse analyzes the assessment data to
determine health care issues. The nurse collects comprehensive data pertinent to the
client's health and situation during the assessment stage.
Which interview technique is the nurse using when asking a client to score his or her
pain on a scale from 0-10?
A. Probing
B. Back channeling
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,C. Open-ended questioning
D. Closed-ended questioning Ans: D. Closed-ended questioning
Rationale:
Asking a client to score pain on a scale of 0 to 10 is a type of closed-ended question.
These types of questions specify the cause of the problem or the client's experience of
the illness. Asking whether anything else is bothering the client is an example of
probing. When a client says something, a response by the nurse such as "All right" or
"Go on" is called back channeling. This interview technique encourages a client to
provide more details. The nurse asks open-ended, nonspecific questions such as "What
brought you to the hospital today?" to elicit the client's side of the story. Such
questions are related to the client's health history and can strengthen the nurse-client
relationship.
Which nursing process would the nurse undertake when collecting the medical history
of a client?
A. Diagnosis
B. Evaluation
C. Assessment
D. Implementation Ans: C. Assessment
Rationale:
The documentation of the client's information is part of an assessment. The nurse will
collect all the relevant medical data of the client to help the health care provider
understand the client's history and make an accurate diagnosis. During diagnosis, the
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, collected data is analyzed to find out the client's problems or issues. Evaluation is the
process to see if the expected outcomes of the treatment are achieved or not. Before
an evaluation, a plan is made to solve all the client's problems and then the plan is
implemented.
According to Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN), which defines patient
centered care?
A. Understanding that the client is the source of control when providing care
B. Functioning effectively within nursing and interprofessional teams to deliver quality
care
C. Using data to evaluate outcomes of care processes and designing methods to
improve health care
D. Minimizing the risk for harm to clients and health care workers through improved
professional performance Ans: A. Understanding that the client is the source of
control when providing care
Rationale:
The QSEN competency called patient-centered care requires the nurse to understand
that the client is the source of control. The nurse would respect the values, beliefs,
and preferences of the client to provide quality care. The QSEN competency called
teamwork and collaboration states that the nurse would function effectively within
nursing and interprofessional teams to provide quality care. Quality improvement
involves using data to evaluate the outcomes of care processes and design methods to
improve the health care delivery system. Safety focuses on minimizing the risk for
harm to clients and health care workers through improved professional performance.
Which is the goal of school health nursing programs?
A. Health promotion
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Verified Answers
When caring for a client who is receiving enteral feedings, the nurse would take which
measure to prevent aspiration?
A. Elevate the head of the bed between 30 and 45 degrees
B. Decrease flow rate at night
C. Check for residual daily
D. Irrigate regularly with warm tap water Ans: A. Elevate the head of the bed between
30 and 45 degrees
Rationale:
To prevent aspiration, the nurse would keep the head of the bed elevated between 30
and 45 degrees. Elevating the head any higher causes increased sacral pressure and
increases the risk of skin breakdown. Decreasing low rate, checking for residual, and
irrigating regularly will not prevent aspiration.
Which caring intervention helps to provide comfort, dignity, respect, and peace to a
client?
A. Listening
B. Spiritual caring
C. Providing presence
D. Relieving pain and suffering Ans: D. Relieving pain and suffering
,Rationale:
Relieving pain and suffering is not just about giving medications but includes providing
comfort, dignity, respect, and peace to a client. Listening helps clients find balance
between their own life values, goals, and belief systems. Providing presence helps
convey closeness and a sense of caring.
Which step in the nursing process would involve promoting a safe environment for the
client?
A. Planning
B. Diagnosis
C. Assessment
D. Implementation Ans: D. Implementation
Rationale:
The nurse promotes a safe environment during the implementation stage of the
nursing process. During the planning stage, the nurse develops an individualized care
plan for the client. The plan contains strategies and alternatives to achieve specific
outcomes. During the diagnosis stage, the nurse analyzes the assessment data to
determine health care issues. The nurse collects comprehensive data pertinent to the
client's health and situation during the assessment stage.
Which interview technique is the nurse using when asking a client to score his or her
pain on a scale from 0-10?
A. Probing
B. Back channeling
© Get it right 2025 Getaway - Stuvia US All rights reserved
,C. Open-ended questioning
D. Closed-ended questioning Ans: D. Closed-ended questioning
Rationale:
Asking a client to score pain on a scale of 0 to 10 is a type of closed-ended question.
These types of questions specify the cause of the problem or the client's experience of
the illness. Asking whether anything else is bothering the client is an example of
probing. When a client says something, a response by the nurse such as "All right" or
"Go on" is called back channeling. This interview technique encourages a client to
provide more details. The nurse asks open-ended, nonspecific questions such as "What
brought you to the hospital today?" to elicit the client's side of the story. Such
questions are related to the client's health history and can strengthen the nurse-client
relationship.
Which nursing process would the nurse undertake when collecting the medical history
of a client?
A. Diagnosis
B. Evaluation
C. Assessment
D. Implementation Ans: C. Assessment
Rationale:
The documentation of the client's information is part of an assessment. The nurse will
collect all the relevant medical data of the client to help the health care provider
understand the client's history and make an accurate diagnosis. During diagnosis, the
© Get it right 2025 Getaway - Stuvia US All rights reserved
, collected data is analyzed to find out the client's problems or issues. Evaluation is the
process to see if the expected outcomes of the treatment are achieved or not. Before
an evaluation, a plan is made to solve all the client's problems and then the plan is
implemented.
According to Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN), which defines patient
centered care?
A. Understanding that the client is the source of control when providing care
B. Functioning effectively within nursing and interprofessional teams to deliver quality
care
C. Using data to evaluate outcomes of care processes and designing methods to
improve health care
D. Minimizing the risk for harm to clients and health care workers through improved
professional performance Ans: A. Understanding that the client is the source of
control when providing care
Rationale:
The QSEN competency called patient-centered care requires the nurse to understand
that the client is the source of control. The nurse would respect the values, beliefs,
and preferences of the client to provide quality care. The QSEN competency called
teamwork and collaboration states that the nurse would function effectively within
nursing and interprofessional teams to provide quality care. Quality improvement
involves using data to evaluate the outcomes of care processes and design methods to
improve the health care delivery system. Safety focuses on minimizing the risk for
harm to clients and health care workers through improved professional performance.
Which is the goal of school health nursing programs?
A. Health promotion
© Get it right 2025 Getaway - Stuvia US All rights reserved
