CORRECT QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
FOR NR 503
Cultural Awareness - CORRECT ANSWER-:Self-examination of one's own prejudices
and biases toward other cultures. An in-depth exploration of one's own cultural/ethnic
background.
Cultural competence in nursing consists of four principles. - CORRECT ANSWER-Care
is designed for the specific client.
Care is based on the uniqueness of the person's culture and includes cultural norms
and values.
Care includes self-employment strategies to facilitate client decision making to improve
health behaviors.
Care is provided with sensitivity and is based on the cultural uniqueness of clients.
The APN may also use the Kleinman Explanatory Model of Illness (1978). Below are the
questions that can be utilized. - CORRECT ANSWER-What do you call your problem?
What do you think caused your problem?
Why do you think it started when it did?
What does your sickness do to you?
What do you fear most about your sickness?
What are the chief problems your sickness has caused you?
What kind of treatment do you think you should receive?
What is the most important result you hope to receive from the treatment?
According to Giger and Davidhizer (2000), although cultures differ, they all have the
same basic organizing factors that must be assessed in order to provide care for
culturally diverse patients. These factors include - CORRECT ANSWER-communication
(verbal and nonverbal);
personal |space;
|social
|organization; |time
|perception;
environmental |control; |and
|biological |variations.
,The |NCCC |uses |four |major |approaches |to |fulfill |its |mission, |including |-
|CORRECT |ANSWER-Web-based |technical |assistance, |(2) |knowledge
|development |and |dissemination, |(3) |supporting |a |community |of |learners, |and
|(4) |collaboration |and |partnerships |with |diverse |groups.
Epidemiological |Triad: |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-host, |agent, |environment
Genetics |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-The |study |of |individual |genes |and |their |impact |on
|relatively |rare |single |gene |disorders
Absolute |risk |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-is |the |probability |of |an |event, |such |as |illness,
|injury, |or |death. |Gives |no |indication |of |how |its |magnitude |compares |with |others
The |odds |ratio |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-closely |approximates |the |relative |risk |if |the
|disease |is |rare.
Odds |ratio |and |the |relative |risk |are |used |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-to |assess |the
|strength |of |association |between |risk |factor |and |outcome.
How |is |Attributible |risk |used |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-is |used |to |make |risk-based
|decisions |for |individuals.
Population-attributable |risk |measures |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-are |used |to |form |public
|health |decisions
EGAPP: |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-Evaluation |of |Genomic |Applications |in |Practice |and
|Prevention
GAPPNet |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-Genomic |Applications |in |Practice |and |Prevention
|Network |(established |in |2009) |is |a |collaborative |initiative |involving |partners |from
|across |the |public |health |sector |working |together |to |realize |the |promise |of |genomics
|in |health |care |and |disease |prevention.
GEDDI |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-Genetics |Early |Disease |Detection |Intervention |project
|(GEDDI) |(established |in |2009) |developed |a |model |strategy |for |using |clinical, |genetic,
|and |family |history |information |to |reduce |the |risk |of |disease, |death, |and |disability |in
|affected |individuals, |family |members, |and |populations.
HuGENet |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-Human |Genome |Epidemiology |Network |(HuGENet)
|(established |in |1998) |helps |translate |genetic |research |findings |into |opportunities |for
|preventive |medicines |and |public |health |by |advancing |the |synthesis, |interpretation,
|and |dissemination |of |population-based |data |on |human |genetic |variation |in |health |and
|disease. |HuGENet |reviews |are |systematic, |peer-reviewed |synopses |of |the
|epidemiologic |aspects |of |human |genes, |including |prevalence |of |allelic |variants |in
|different |populations, |population-based |information |on |disease |risk, |evidence |for
|gene-
, environment |interaction |and |quantitative |data |on |genetic |tests |and |services |carried
|out |according |to |specific |guidelines.
NHANES |III |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-DC's |Office |of |Public |Health |Genomics
|(established |in |2002) |formed |a |multidisciplinary |working |group |with |members |from
|across |CDC. |It |developed |a |proposal |to |measure |the |prevalence |of |selected |genetic
|variants |of |public |health |significance |in |a |representative |sample |of |the |U.S. |population
|and |to |examine |the |association |between |the |selected |genetic |variants |and |disease
|outcomes |available |in |NHANES |III |data.
The |World |Health |Organization |defines |a |pandemic |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-as |a
|global |epidemic |that |spreads |to |more |than |one |continent |(WHO, |2009). |One |of |the
|more |recent |pandemics |that |you |might |be |familiar |with |is |the |H1N1 |influenza
|outbreak |of |2009.
Outbreak |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-the |occurrence |of |disease |within |persons |in |excess
|of |what |would |normally |be |expected |in |a |clearly |defined |community, |location, |or |time
|of |year. |An |outbreak |may |only |last |for |a |matter |of |days |or |weeks, |but |may |last |for
|years
Quarantine |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-the |separation |and |restriction |of |the |movement |of
|people |who |were |or |are |exposed |to |a |contagious |disease |for |a |set |period |of |time, |to
|see |whether |they |become |ill
Antigenic |drift |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-is |a |term |describing |the |changes |that |occur
|within |virus's |ribonucleic |acid |that |changes |the |virus. |Typically, |these |changes |create
|seasonal |changes |or |new |strains |of |a |virus
WHO |Pandemic |Phases |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-Phase |1—None |of |the |current |viruses
|circulating |in |animals |have |been |reported |to |cause |infection |in |humans.
Phase |2—An |animal-based |influenza |virus |is |known |to |have |caused |infection |in |humans
|and |is |considered |a |potential |pandemic |threat.
Phase |3—An |animal- |or |human-animal-based |virus |has |caused |some |clusters |of
|cases |in |people, |but |has |not |caused |human-to-human |transmission |that |is |significant
|enough |to |cause |community-level |outbreaks.
Phase |4—Human-to-human |transmission |of |an |animal |or |human-animal |virus |is
|causing |community |outbreaks |and |sustained |disease. |This |is |a |significant |shift |in |risk
|and |any |country |with |such |an |outbreak |should |consult |with |WHO.
|Phase |5—There |is |human-to-human |spread |of |the |virus |in |at |least |two |countries.
|This |phase |means |that |pandemic |is |imminent |and |that |community |action |and
|implementation |of |planned |mitigation |procedures |is |needed.
Phase |6—This |is |the |pandemic |phase, |characterized |by |outbreaks |in |more |than |one
|WHO |defined |region |in |addition |to |all |Phase |5 |criteria |(WHO, |2009)
Phase |1 |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-None |of |the |current |viruses |circulating |in |animals
|have |been |reported |to |cause |infection |in |humans.
FOR NR 503
Cultural Awareness - CORRECT ANSWER-:Self-examination of one's own prejudices
and biases toward other cultures. An in-depth exploration of one's own cultural/ethnic
background.
Cultural competence in nursing consists of four principles. - CORRECT ANSWER-Care
is designed for the specific client.
Care is based on the uniqueness of the person's culture and includes cultural norms
and values.
Care includes self-employment strategies to facilitate client decision making to improve
health behaviors.
Care is provided with sensitivity and is based on the cultural uniqueness of clients.
The APN may also use the Kleinman Explanatory Model of Illness (1978). Below are the
questions that can be utilized. - CORRECT ANSWER-What do you call your problem?
What do you think caused your problem?
Why do you think it started when it did?
What does your sickness do to you?
What do you fear most about your sickness?
What are the chief problems your sickness has caused you?
What kind of treatment do you think you should receive?
What is the most important result you hope to receive from the treatment?
According to Giger and Davidhizer (2000), although cultures differ, they all have the
same basic organizing factors that must be assessed in order to provide care for
culturally diverse patients. These factors include - CORRECT ANSWER-communication
(verbal and nonverbal);
personal |space;
|social
|organization; |time
|perception;
environmental |control; |and
|biological |variations.
,The |NCCC |uses |four |major |approaches |to |fulfill |its |mission, |including |-
|CORRECT |ANSWER-Web-based |technical |assistance, |(2) |knowledge
|development |and |dissemination, |(3) |supporting |a |community |of |learners, |and
|(4) |collaboration |and |partnerships |with |diverse |groups.
Epidemiological |Triad: |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-host, |agent, |environment
Genetics |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-The |study |of |individual |genes |and |their |impact |on
|relatively |rare |single |gene |disorders
Absolute |risk |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-is |the |probability |of |an |event, |such |as |illness,
|injury, |or |death. |Gives |no |indication |of |how |its |magnitude |compares |with |others
The |odds |ratio |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-closely |approximates |the |relative |risk |if |the
|disease |is |rare.
Odds |ratio |and |the |relative |risk |are |used |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-to |assess |the
|strength |of |association |between |risk |factor |and |outcome.
How |is |Attributible |risk |used |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-is |used |to |make |risk-based
|decisions |for |individuals.
Population-attributable |risk |measures |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-are |used |to |form |public
|health |decisions
EGAPP: |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-Evaluation |of |Genomic |Applications |in |Practice |and
|Prevention
GAPPNet |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-Genomic |Applications |in |Practice |and |Prevention
|Network |(established |in |2009) |is |a |collaborative |initiative |involving |partners |from
|across |the |public |health |sector |working |together |to |realize |the |promise |of |genomics
|in |health |care |and |disease |prevention.
GEDDI |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-Genetics |Early |Disease |Detection |Intervention |project
|(GEDDI) |(established |in |2009) |developed |a |model |strategy |for |using |clinical, |genetic,
|and |family |history |information |to |reduce |the |risk |of |disease, |death, |and |disability |in
|affected |individuals, |family |members, |and |populations.
HuGENet |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-Human |Genome |Epidemiology |Network |(HuGENet)
|(established |in |1998) |helps |translate |genetic |research |findings |into |opportunities |for
|preventive |medicines |and |public |health |by |advancing |the |synthesis, |interpretation,
|and |dissemination |of |population-based |data |on |human |genetic |variation |in |health |and
|disease. |HuGENet |reviews |are |systematic, |peer-reviewed |synopses |of |the
|epidemiologic |aspects |of |human |genes, |including |prevalence |of |allelic |variants |in
|different |populations, |population-based |information |on |disease |risk, |evidence |for
|gene-
, environment |interaction |and |quantitative |data |on |genetic |tests |and |services |carried
|out |according |to |specific |guidelines.
NHANES |III |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-DC's |Office |of |Public |Health |Genomics
|(established |in |2002) |formed |a |multidisciplinary |working |group |with |members |from
|across |CDC. |It |developed |a |proposal |to |measure |the |prevalence |of |selected |genetic
|variants |of |public |health |significance |in |a |representative |sample |of |the |U.S. |population
|and |to |examine |the |association |between |the |selected |genetic |variants |and |disease
|outcomes |available |in |NHANES |III |data.
The |World |Health |Organization |defines |a |pandemic |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-as |a
|global |epidemic |that |spreads |to |more |than |one |continent |(WHO, |2009). |One |of |the
|more |recent |pandemics |that |you |might |be |familiar |with |is |the |H1N1 |influenza
|outbreak |of |2009.
Outbreak |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-the |occurrence |of |disease |within |persons |in |excess
|of |what |would |normally |be |expected |in |a |clearly |defined |community, |location, |or |time
|of |year. |An |outbreak |may |only |last |for |a |matter |of |days |or |weeks, |but |may |last |for
|years
Quarantine |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-the |separation |and |restriction |of |the |movement |of
|people |who |were |or |are |exposed |to |a |contagious |disease |for |a |set |period |of |time, |to
|see |whether |they |become |ill
Antigenic |drift |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-is |a |term |describing |the |changes |that |occur
|within |virus's |ribonucleic |acid |that |changes |the |virus. |Typically, |these |changes |create
|seasonal |changes |or |new |strains |of |a |virus
WHO |Pandemic |Phases |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-Phase |1—None |of |the |current |viruses
|circulating |in |animals |have |been |reported |to |cause |infection |in |humans.
Phase |2—An |animal-based |influenza |virus |is |known |to |have |caused |infection |in |humans
|and |is |considered |a |potential |pandemic |threat.
Phase |3—An |animal- |or |human-animal-based |virus |has |caused |some |clusters |of
|cases |in |people, |but |has |not |caused |human-to-human |transmission |that |is |significant
|enough |to |cause |community-level |outbreaks.
Phase |4—Human-to-human |transmission |of |an |animal |or |human-animal |virus |is
|causing |community |outbreaks |and |sustained |disease. |This |is |a |significant |shift |in |risk
|and |any |country |with |such |an |outbreak |should |consult |with |WHO.
|Phase |5—There |is |human-to-human |spread |of |the |virus |in |at |least |two |countries.
|This |phase |means |that |pandemic |is |imminent |and |that |community |action |and
|implementation |of |planned |mitigation |procedures |is |needed.
Phase |6—This |is |the |pandemic |phase, |characterized |by |outbreaks |in |more |than |one
|WHO |defined |region |in |addition |to |all |Phase |5 |criteria |(WHO, |2009)
Phase |1 |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-None |of |the |current |viruses |circulating |in |animals
|have |been |reported |to |cause |infection |in |humans.
