LESS STRESS - Mod 2 Exam Questions Answered Correctly Latest Update

LESS STRESS - Mod 2 Exam Questions Answered Correctly Latest Update List the parts of the airway in order starting at the mouth and nose - what does each part do? - Answers 1) nose/mouth 2) pharynx (nasopharynx/oropharynx/laryngopharynx) 3) epiglottis - separates trachea and esophagus 4) larynx - barrier btwn upper and lower airway 5) trachea - voice box 6) bronchi - separates at carina 7) bronchioles 8) alveoli - gas exchange w/ capillaries What structures constrict in an asthmatic or allergy patient? - Answers bronchi and bronchioles glottis - Answers Opening between vocal cords which allows for sound to leave the larynx partial pressure - Answers Amount of gas in air or dissolved in fluid, such as blood psi - Answers pounds per square inch, measure of pressure such as in an oxygen tank ventilation vs respiration - Answers ventilation- the simple movement of air into and out of the lungs respiration- the exchange of gases between the lungs, the blood, and the tissues of the body is exhalation a passive or active process? - Answers Exhalation = passive (lungs recoil as respiratory muscles relax and thorax decreases in size) Inhalation = active process! What is the most common reason for air to be blocked when ventilating a patient? - Answers the tongue falling back and covering the airway What chemical change in your blood stream makes you want to take a breath? - Answers the chemoreceptors detect high CO2 levels and signal the brain, pH of CSF decreases due to increased acidity of the blood hypoxic drive - Answers A "backup system" to control respiration; senses drops in the oxygen level in the blood rather than high levels of carbon dioxide Cheyne-Stokes respiration - Answers - pattern of breathing characterized by a gradual increase of depth and sometimes rate to a maximum level, followed by a decrease, resulting in apnea - usually found in pt with head injury Kussmaul respirations - Answers Deep, rapid breathing; usually the result of an accumulation of certain acids when insulin is not available in the body. gurgling - Answers - sounds like bubbles - indicates presence of fluid in the upper airway - need for suctioning (usually AMS pt) snoring - Answers The sound of the soft tissue of the upper airway creating a partial obstruction of air flow, can be caused by the tongue or tissues in other areas of the throat wheezing - Answers - High pitched sound heard in the lungs with asthma, anaphylaxis, or lung disease pts - due to bronchoconstriction in the lower airway - exhalations usually longer than inhalations - intervene w/ oxygen, epi, albuterol depending on situation rales/crackles - Answers - sounds like rice krispies - due to air moving through fluid accumulations in the lungs such as subcutaneous emphysema and CHF pts - lower airway - can be resolved with oxygen and possibly CPAP Rhonchi - Answers - rattling noise that sounds like high pitched wheezing - lower airway, when lungs are obstructed by material like mucus - found in pt with respiratory infections and conditions like CF - only heard in area of obstruction - resolved with oxygen What is the maximum/full PSI of most oxygen tanks? - Answers 2000 psi = full pressure *can refill when below 1000, usually 500 What is an oxygen regulator? - Answers reduces the pressure of the cylinder to 40-70 psi when being used What is an oxygen key? - Answers the mechanism that opens the oxygen tank, matches the shape of the oxygen cylinder valve What is a pin index system? - Answers Safety system used to ensure proper regulator is used for specific gas by matching the regulator to the pins on the side of the oxygen tank what is the oxygen flowmeter? - Answers the device (portable or in ambulane) that sets the L/min amount that the pt will receive, goes up to 15-25 L/min When is a nasal cannula used? What is the liter flow? - Answers 1) used in pt w/ mild respir