NSG 432 Topic 2 QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
5 Ps of Pregnancy - correct answer ✔✔ 1. Passengers (Fetus and Placenta)
2. Passageway (Birth canal)
3. Powers (Contractions)
4. Position of mother
5. Psychologic response
Passengers Characteristics - correct answer ✔✔ Size of Fetal Head
Presentation
Fetal Lie
Fetal Attitude
Fetal Position
3 Main Presentation - correct answer ✔✔ 1. Cephalic (97% of births): headfirst
2. Breech (3% of births): Feet first (sacrum presentation)
3. Shoulder (1% of births)
During an Exam, what is the presenting part dependent on Presentation - correct answer ✔✔
Cephalic: occiput (Head) usually the presenting part
- noted as Vertex
Breech: sacrum usually the presenting part
,Shoulder: scapula usually the presenting part
Fetal Lie Determination - correct answer ✔✔ Relation of the long axis (Spine) of the fetus to the
long axis (spine) of the mother
2 Primary Lies - correct answer ✔✔ longitudinal (Vertical) = long axis of fetus is parallel w/ long
axis of mother
Transverse (horizontal) = long axis of fetus is at a right angle diagonal to the long axis of mother
What occurs if Fetus is in Transverse? - correct answer ✔✔ Vaginal Birth not possible
What occurs if Fetus is in Oblique Lie? - correct answer ✔✔ long axis of fetus is lying at angle to
the long axis of mother
- usually converts to longitudinal or transverse lie during pregnancy
What fetal attitude do we want? - correct answer ✔✔ Natural Position (General Flexion)
- back of fetus rounded so chin is flexed on chest, thighs are flexed on abdomen, legs are flexed
at the knees
- Arms cross over thorax
- Umbilical cord lies between arms and legs
Fetal Atittude if Cephalic Presentation - correct answer ✔✔ fetal head extended or flexed that
presents head diameter larger than limits of maternal pelvis
Fetal Position - correct answer ✔✔ relationship of a reference point on the presenting part in
relation to the 4 quadrants of the mothers pelvis
, How is Fetal Position Denoted? - correct answer ✔✔ 1st Letter: Denote location of the
presenting part in the Right (R) or Left (L) side of the mother's pelvis
2nd Letter: specific presenting part of the fetus:
- O = Occiput (back part of the head)
- S = Sacrum
- M = Mentum (chin - neck extended)
- Sc = Scapula (shoulder)
3rd Letter: Location of presenting part in relation to the maternal pelvis:
- A = Anterior - feel smooth
- P = Posterior - feel the fetal parts
- T = Transverse
Best way to deliver Fetus? - correct answer ✔✔ ROA or LOA
Station - correct answer ✔✔ Relationship of the presenting fetal part to an imaginary line drawn
between the maternal ischial spines
- Measure of the degree of descent of the presenting part of the fetus through the birth canal
- Ex: -2, -1, 0, +1, +2cm
Engagement - correct answer ✔✔ term used to indicate the largest transverse diameter of the
presenting part (usually the biparietal diameter) has passed through the maternal pelvic brim
- usually corresponds to station 0
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
5 Ps of Pregnancy - correct answer ✔✔ 1. Passengers (Fetus and Placenta)
2. Passageway (Birth canal)
3. Powers (Contractions)
4. Position of mother
5. Psychologic response
Passengers Characteristics - correct answer ✔✔ Size of Fetal Head
Presentation
Fetal Lie
Fetal Attitude
Fetal Position
3 Main Presentation - correct answer ✔✔ 1. Cephalic (97% of births): headfirst
2. Breech (3% of births): Feet first (sacrum presentation)
3. Shoulder (1% of births)
During an Exam, what is the presenting part dependent on Presentation - correct answer ✔✔
Cephalic: occiput (Head) usually the presenting part
- noted as Vertex
Breech: sacrum usually the presenting part
,Shoulder: scapula usually the presenting part
Fetal Lie Determination - correct answer ✔✔ Relation of the long axis (Spine) of the fetus to the
long axis (spine) of the mother
2 Primary Lies - correct answer ✔✔ longitudinal (Vertical) = long axis of fetus is parallel w/ long
axis of mother
Transverse (horizontal) = long axis of fetus is at a right angle diagonal to the long axis of mother
What occurs if Fetus is in Transverse? - correct answer ✔✔ Vaginal Birth not possible
What occurs if Fetus is in Oblique Lie? - correct answer ✔✔ long axis of fetus is lying at angle to
the long axis of mother
- usually converts to longitudinal or transverse lie during pregnancy
What fetal attitude do we want? - correct answer ✔✔ Natural Position (General Flexion)
- back of fetus rounded so chin is flexed on chest, thighs are flexed on abdomen, legs are flexed
at the knees
- Arms cross over thorax
- Umbilical cord lies between arms and legs
Fetal Atittude if Cephalic Presentation - correct answer ✔✔ fetal head extended or flexed that
presents head diameter larger than limits of maternal pelvis
Fetal Position - correct answer ✔✔ relationship of a reference point on the presenting part in
relation to the 4 quadrants of the mothers pelvis
, How is Fetal Position Denoted? - correct answer ✔✔ 1st Letter: Denote location of the
presenting part in the Right (R) or Left (L) side of the mother's pelvis
2nd Letter: specific presenting part of the fetus:
- O = Occiput (back part of the head)
- S = Sacrum
- M = Mentum (chin - neck extended)
- Sc = Scapula (shoulder)
3rd Letter: Location of presenting part in relation to the maternal pelvis:
- A = Anterior - feel smooth
- P = Posterior - feel the fetal parts
- T = Transverse
Best way to deliver Fetus? - correct answer ✔✔ ROA or LOA
Station - correct answer ✔✔ Relationship of the presenting fetal part to an imaginary line drawn
between the maternal ischial spines
- Measure of the degree of descent of the presenting part of the fetus through the birth canal
- Ex: -2, -1, 0, +1, +2cm
Engagement - correct answer ✔✔ term used to indicate the largest transverse diameter of the
presenting part (usually the biparietal diameter) has passed through the maternal pelvic brim
- usually corresponds to station 0
