Maternal and Pediatric Nursing Exam with correct answers 2025>2026

Maternal and Pediatric Nursing Exam
with correct answers 2025>2026

Whichvsetvofvsymptomsvarevcharacteristicvofvspasticvcerebralvpalsy?

a.vHypertonicityvandvpoorvcontrolvofvposturevbalancevandvcoordinatedvmotion

b.vAthetosisvandvdystonicvmovements

c.vWide-basedvgaitvandvpoorvperformancevofvrapidvrepetitivevmovements

d.vTremorsvandvlackvofvactivevmovementv-vvcorrectvanswersvANS:vA

Hypertonicityvpoorvcontrolvofvposturevbalancevandvcoordinatedvmotionvarevpartvofvthevclassificati
onvofvspasticvcerebralvpalsy.vAthetosisvandvdystonicvmovementsvarevpartvofvthevclassificationvofvdy
skinetic/athetoidvcerebralvpalsy.vWide-
basedvgaitvandvpoorvperformancevofvrapidvrepetitivevmovementsvarevpartvofvthevclassificationvofva
taxicvcerebralvpalsy.vTremorsvandvlackvofvactivevmovementvmayvindicatevothervneurologicalvdisord
ers.



Thevparentsvofvavchildvwithvcerebralvpalsyvaskvthevnursevifvanyvdrugsvcanvdecreasevtheirvchild'svspas
ticity.vWhatvknowledgevisvthevbasisvofvthevnurses'vresponse?

a.vAnticonvulsantvmedicationsvarevsometimesvusefulvforvcontrollingvspasticity.

b.vMedicationsvthatvwouldvbevusefulvinvreducingvspasticityvarevtoovtoxicvforvusevinvchildren.

c.vManyvdifferentvmedicationsvcanvbevhighlyveffectivevinvcontrollingvspasticity.

d.vAvpumpvcanvbevimplantedvthatvdeliversvmedicationvintovthevintrathecalvspacevtovdecreasevspasti
city.v-vvcorrectvanswersvANS:vD

Baclofenvgivenvintrathecallyvisvbestvsuitedvforvchildrenvwithvseverevspasticityvthatvinterferesvwithva
ctivitiesvofvdailyvlivingvandvambulation.vAnticonvulsantvmedicationsvarevusedvwhenvseizuresvoccurv

,invchildrenvwithvcerebralvpalsy.vThevintrathecalvroutevdecreasesvthevadverseveffectsvofvthevdrugsvth
atvreducevspasticity.vFewvmedicationsvarevpresentlyvavailablevforvthevcontrolvofvspasticity.



Whatvtermvisvusedvforvavhernialvprotrusionvofvavsaclikevcystvofvmeningesvspinalvfluidvandvavportionv
ofvthevspinalvcordvwithvitsvnervesvthroughvavdefectvinvthevvertebralvcolumn?

a.vRachischisis

b.vEncephalocele

c.vMeningocele

d.vMyelomeningocelev-vvcorrectvanswersvANS:vD

Avmyelomeningocelevisvavvisiblevdefectvwithvanvexternalvsaclikevprotrusionvcontainingvmeningesvs
pinalvfluidvandvnerves.vRachischisisvisvavfissurevinvthevspinalvcolumnvthatvleavesvthevmeningesvandvs
pinalvcordvexposed.vEncephalocelevisvavherniationvofvthevbrainvandvmeningesvthroughvavdefectvinvt
hevskullvproducingvavfluid-
filledvsac.vMeningocelevisvavhernialvprotrusionvofvavsaclikevcystvofvmeningesvwithvspinalvfluidvbutvno
vneuralvelements.




Whichvproblemvisvmostvoftenvassociatedvwithvavmyelomeningocele?

a.vHydrocephalus

b.vCraniosynostosis

c.vBiliaryvatresia

d.vEsophagealvatresiav-vvcorrectvanswersvANS:vA

Hydrocephalusvisvavfrequentlyvassociatedvanomalyvinv80vtov90%vofvchildrenvwithvmyelomeningoce
le.vCraniosynostosisvisvthevprematurevclosingvofvthevcranialvsuturesvandvisvnotvassociatedvwithvmye
lomeningocele.vBiliaryvandvesophagealvatresiasvarevnotvassociatedvwithvmyelomeningocele.



Whatvisvthevmostvcommonvproblemvforvchildrenvbornvwithvavmyelomeningocele?

a.vNeurogenicvbladder

b.vCognitivevimpairment

c.vRespiratoryvcompromise

,d.vCranioschisisv-vvcorrectvanswersvANS:vA

Myelomeningocelevisvonevofvthevmostvcommonvcausesvofvneuropathicv(neurogenic)vbladdervdysfu
nctionvamongvchildren.vRiskvofvcognitivevimpairmentvisvminimizedvthroughvearlyvinterventionvandv
managementvofvhydrocephalus.vRespiratoryvcompromisevisvnotvavcommonvproblemvinvmyelomeni
ngocele.vCranioschisisvisvavskullvdefectvthroughvwhichvvariousvtissuesvprotrudevandvisvnotvassociate
dvwithvmyelomeningocele.



Whichvsupplementvisvrecommendedvtovpreventvneuralvtubevdefects?

a.vVitaminvAvthroughoutvpregnancy

b.vMultivitaminvpreparationsvasvsoonvasvpregnancyvisvsuspected

c.vFolicvacidvforvallvwomenvofvchild-bearingvage

d.vFolicvacidvduringvthevfirstvandvsecondvtrimestersvofvpregnancyv-vvcorrectvanswersvANS:vC

Thevwidespreadvusevofvfolicvacidvamongvwomenvofvchildbearingvagevisvexpectedvtovdecreasevthevin
cidencevofvspinavbifidavsignificantly.vVitaminvAvdoesvnotvhavevavrelationvtovthevpreventionvofvspinav
bifida.vFolicvacidvsupplementationvisvrecommendedvforvthevpreconceptionvperiodvandvduringvthev
pregnancyvbutvonlyv42%vofvwomenvactuallyvfollowvthesevguidelines.



Howvmuchvfolicvacidvisvrecommendedvasvavdailyvdosevforvwomenvofvchild-bearingvage?

a.v0.1vmg

b.v0.4vmg

c.v1.5vmg

d.v2vmgv-vvcorrectvanswersvANS:vB

Itvhasvbeenvestimatedvthatvavdailyvintakevofv0.4vmgvofvfolicvacidvinvwomenvofvchild-
bearingvagevwillvpreventv50vtov70%vofvcasesvofvneuralvtubevdefects.vAv0.1vmgvdosevisvtoovlowvandv1.
5vandv2vmgvarevnotvrecommendedvdosagesvofvfolicvacid.



Thevnursevisvcaringvforvanvinfantvbornvwithvavmyelomeningocele.vSurgeryvtovrepairvthevdefectvisvsch
eduledvforvthevnextvday.vWhatvisvthevmostvappropriatevwayvtovpositionvandvfeedvthisvnewborn?

a.vLeftvlateralvandvtubevfeed

, b.vPronevturnvheadvtovsidevandvnipplevfeed

c.vSupinevinvinfantvcarriervandvnipplevfeed

d.vSupinevwithvdefectvsupportedvwithvrolledvblanketsvandvnipplevfeedv-vvcorrectvanswersvANS:vB

Invthevpronevpositionvfeedingvisvavproblem.vThevinfant'svheadvmustvbevturnedvtovonevsidevforvfeedi
ng.vIfvthevchildvisvablevtovnipplevfeedvtherevisvnovindicationvforvtubevfeeding.vBeforevsurgeryvthevinfa
ntvshouldvbevkeptvinvthevpronevpositionvtovminimizevtensionvonvthevsacvandvriskvofvtrauma.



Thevnursevisvtalkingvtovavparentvwithvavchildvwhovhasvavlatexvallergy.vWhichvstatementvbyvthevparen
tvindicatesvshevcorrectlyvunderstandsvthevteaching?

a.v"Myvchildvwillvhavevanvallergicvreactionvifvhevcomesvinvcontactvwithvyeastvproducts."

b.v"Myvchildvmayvhavevanvupsetvstomachvifvheveatsvfoodsvmadevwithvwheatvorvbarley."

c.v"Myvchildvwillvprobablyvdevelopvanvallergyvtovpeanuts."

d.v"Myvchildvshouldvnotveatvbananasvorvkiwis."v-vvcorrectvanswersvANS:vD

Therevarevcross-
reactionsvbetweenvlatexvallergiesvandvavnumbervofvfoodsvsuchvasvbananasvavocadosvkiwisvandvche
stnuts.vAlthoughvyeastvproductsvwheatvandvbarleyvandvpeanutsvarevpotentialvallergensvtheyvarevcu
rrentlyvnotvknownvtovcross-reactvwithvlatex.



Avlatexvallergyvisvsuspectedvinvavchildvwithvspinavbifida.vWhichvisvanvappropriatevnursingvinterventi
on?

a.vAvoidvusingvanyvlatexvproduct.

b.vUsevonlyvnonallergenicvlatexvproducts.

c.vAdministervmedicationvforvlong-termvdesensitization.

d.vTeachvthevfamilyvaboutvlong-termvmanagementvofvasthma.v-vvcorrectvanswersvANS:vA

Carevmustvbevtakenvsovthatvindividualsvwhovarevatvhighvriskvforvlatexvallergiesvdovnotvcomevinvdirect
vorvsecondaryvcontactvwithvproductsvorvequipmentvcontainingvlatexvatvanyvtimevduringvmedicalvtre


atment.vTherevarevnovnonallergicvlatexvproducts.vAtvthisvtimevdesensitizationvisvnotvanvoption.vThev
childvdoesvnotvhavevasthma.vThevparentsvmustvbevtaughtvaboutvallergyvandvthevriskvofvanaphylaxis.