-:OPERATING SYSTEM:-
Introduction to OS – An operating system (OS) is software that manages and handles hardware and
software resources of a computing device. Examples are Linux, UNIX, Windows 11, MS DOS, Android,
MAC OS and iOS.
Operating system handles the following responsibilities
i) Controls all the computer resources.
ii) Provides valuable services to user programs.
iii) Co-ordinates the execution of user programs.
iv) Provides resources for user programs.
v) Provides an interface to the user.
vi) Supports multiple execution modes.
vii) Monitors the execution of user programs to prevent errors.
Functions of Operating System –
i) Process Management Process management in operating system is about managing processes. A
process is a running program. The life cycle of process is from the moment program start until it
finishes. Operating system makes sure each process:
a) Gets its turn to use the CPU.
b) Synchronized when needed.
c) Has access to the resources it needs, like memory, field and input/output devices.
, It also handles issues like process coordination and communication, while preventing conflicts such as
deadlocks. This way, the OS ensures smooth multitasking and efficient resource use.
ii) Memory Management Memory management is an essential task of the operating system that
handles the storage and organization of data in both main primary and secondary storage.
The OS ensures that memory is allocated and deallocated properly to keep programs running
smoothly. It also manages the interaction between volatile main memory and non-volatile secondary
storage.
iii) File System Management File management in the operating system ensures the organized
storage, access and control of files. The OS abstracts the physical storage details to present a logical
view of files, making it easier of users to work with data.
It manages how files are stored on different types of storage devices and ensures smooth access
through directions and permissions.
iv) Device Management Also known as I/O system, device management of an operating system
handles the communication between the system and its hardware devices, like printers, disks or
network interfaces.
The OS provides device drivers to control these devices using techniques like Direct Memory
Access for efficient data transfer and strategies like buffering and stopping to ensure smooth operation.
Introduction to OS – An operating system (OS) is software that manages and handles hardware and
software resources of a computing device. Examples are Linux, UNIX, Windows 11, MS DOS, Android,
MAC OS and iOS.
Operating system handles the following responsibilities
i) Controls all the computer resources.
ii) Provides valuable services to user programs.
iii) Co-ordinates the execution of user programs.
iv) Provides resources for user programs.
v) Provides an interface to the user.
vi) Supports multiple execution modes.
vii) Monitors the execution of user programs to prevent errors.
Functions of Operating System –
i) Process Management Process management in operating system is about managing processes. A
process is a running program. The life cycle of process is from the moment program start until it
finishes. Operating system makes sure each process:
a) Gets its turn to use the CPU.
b) Synchronized when needed.
c) Has access to the resources it needs, like memory, field and input/output devices.
, It also handles issues like process coordination and communication, while preventing conflicts such as
deadlocks. This way, the OS ensures smooth multitasking and efficient resource use.
ii) Memory Management Memory management is an essential task of the operating system that
handles the storage and organization of data in both main primary and secondary storage.
The OS ensures that memory is allocated and deallocated properly to keep programs running
smoothly. It also manages the interaction between volatile main memory and non-volatile secondary
storage.
iii) File System Management File management in the operating system ensures the organized
storage, access and control of files. The OS abstracts the physical storage details to present a logical
view of files, making it easier of users to work with data.
It manages how files are stored on different types of storage devices and ensures smooth access
through directions and permissions.
iv) Device Management Also known as I/O system, device management of an operating system
handles the communication between the system and its hardware devices, like printers, disks or
network interfaces.
The OS provides device drivers to control these devices using techniques like Direct Memory
Access for efficient data transfer and strategies like buffering and stopping to ensure smooth operation.
